Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Mizoguchi.
Herein a rare case of hemangiomyoma of the ureter in a child is reported. Benign mesodermal tumors of the ureter are not common, particularly in a child. Two cases of leiomyoma of the ureter in childhood have been reported to date. This is the first case of ureteral hemangiomyoma in a child. Nephroureterectomy was performed and the subsequent clinical course reveals no evidence of recurrence.
Specific binding sites for insulin have been identified and characterized for the human erythroleukemia cell line K-562. The binding of [125I]-insulin to the cells increased as a function of time, reaching a maximum at 20 min when incubation was performed at 37 degrees C. The binding of [125I]-insulin was dose-dependently inhibited by insulin or proinsulin. Scatchard plot of the binding data was curvilinear, and the number of insulin receptors was approximately 39,000. Insulin at concentrations of 0.05-10.0 ng/ml stimulated CO2 production and DNA and protein synthesis in K-562 cells in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that the insulin binding sites are functionally important in mediating these biochemical events induced by insulin. Maximal insulin responses were elicited at concentrations of less than 5 ng/ml, when (at most) 10% of the insulin receptors were occupied. After binding to the cells, [125I]-insulin was degraded in a time- and temperature-dependent manner. As reported for other types of cells, unlabeled insulin also downregulated insulin receptors in K-562 cells. When the cells were incubated with 1 X 10(-7) M unlabeled insulin for 24 h, the number of insulin receptors decreased by 50% without a change of affinity. K-562 cells may be useful in studying the role of insulin receptors in cell functions induced by insulin.
Studies were undertaken to determine whether natural killer (NK) cells would lyse autologous and allogeneic lymphoma cells. When large granular lymphocytes, which are known to mediate NK activity, were enriched from peripheral blood and used as effector cells, they lysed autologous lymphoma cells of all of eight patients tested, and those of healthy donors lysed lymphoma cells of all of ten patients tested. The addition of interferon to the culture medium enhanced their cytotoxicity in three of the eight patients in the autologous effector-tumor system and in four of the ten patients in the above allogeneic system. On the basis of the unlabeled target competition test and the decrease in cytotoxicity with anti-NK antibody treatment, NK cells appeared to be the main cytotoxic effector cells for autologous and allogeneic lymphoma cells.
Aztreonam (AZT), a monobactam antibiotic, is known to have a high activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Fundamental and clinical studies were carried out on AZT with the following results. Following 1 g of bolus intravenous injection, the transfer of AZT to uterine artery and internal genital organs was found to be satisfactory. The levels of the drug in uterine artery showed 34.28, 4.50 micrograms/ml at approximately 2, 6 hours, and those in internal genital organs showed 3-34 micrograms/g at 2 hours. Clinical efficacy was; excellent in 4 cases, good in 13 cases and poor in 1 case, with the very high overall efficacy rate of 94.4%. Abnormal laboratory findings and side effects due to the drug were not noted.
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Studies were undertaken to determine whether in vitro-propagated large granular lymphocytes (LGL), which are known to mediate natural killer (NK) activity, would lyse autologous and allogeneic lymphoma cells. LGL from ten patients and two healthy donors were propagated in vitro for two to four weeks with interleukin 2-containing medium, and their cytotoxicity was tested in a 5-h 51Cr-release assay. Cultured LGL from all the patients and healthy donors demonstrated strong cytotoxicity against K562 target cells, a standard target in NK assay, while cultured LGL from the patients lysed autologous lymphoma cells from three of the ten patients tested and those of the two healthy donors lysed lymphoma cells from four of the ten patients. These findings indicate that, when LGL propagated in vitro in large numbers show lytic activity against autologous lymphoma cells, these LGL may have potential application in clinical trials.
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A new antibiotic cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) was administered to 54 patients with severe infections accompanying various hematological diseases. The rate of effectiveness was 55.3% on the whole. Mild liver dysfunction was observed in 3 cases, which recovered quickly following the stop of the administration.
Neoplastic angioendotheliosis (NAE) is a rare disease characterized by the occlusion of small vessels by apparently neoplastic medium-sized cells. The origin of these cells remains undetermined, mainly because the diagnosis in most of these cases has been made on autopsy. This report describes a case of NAE from whom a biopsy specimen was obtained and studied immunohistologically. The cells occluding small vessels of this patient bear B cell markers such as monoclonal immunoglobulin (mu, lambda), Leu14, B1, OKB2, and Dako-PanB, whereas they do not react with antibodies against delta- and kappa-chain of immunoglobulin (Ig), or antibodies against markers of T cells, myelomonocytic cells and endothelial cells. These results show clearly that the cells occluding the small vessels of this patient are neoplastic and of B cell lineage. This is the first case of NAE in whom the neoplastic cells in the blood vessels have been proved to be of lymphocytic lineage.
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A patient with T-cell lymphoma is presented. The morphologic features of a biopsied lymph node were consistent with adult T-cell lymphoma with hypergammaglobulinemia, and most of the lymph node cells were reactive with monoclonal antibody OKT8, which detects suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, in a pokeweed mitogen-driven test system in which the capability of T lymphocytes to help or suppress the differentiation of B lymphocytes is measured, the lymphoma cells induced immunoglobulin synthesis of B lymphocytes, thus providing helper function. As far as we know, this is the first report on T-cell lymphoma having suppressor phenotype and helper function for immunoglobulin synthesis.
Chromosomal G-bands in an improved morphology were demonstrated in bone marrow and unstimulated blood cultures from 12 patients with hematopoietic disorders and 1 with another disease. The procedure used was a cell synchronization technique involving methotrexate or cytosine-arabinoside and thymidine release. Quantitative analyses were made comparatively between synchronized and nonsynchronized (control) cultures in each patient. Mitotic indices varied with the individual. The average number of G-bands per haploid set increased statistically in 8 cases, and the count was often over 400. Improved chromosomal banding patterns in the synchronized preparation resulted in easy and precise identification of chromosome rearrangements in three patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), two with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and three with anemias. Normal cells were more frequently observed in synchronized overnight cultures than in control cultures from two patients with an admixture of normal and abnormal metaphases. There was a slight increase in a minor abnormal clone in the synchronized cultures from one patient. These findings indicate that the cell synchronization technique we use is not only useful in improving chromosome morphology, but is also efficient in detecting both normal and abnormal metaphases.
A case of diphallia was presented. Roentogenographic and histological examination revealed pseudodiphallia without any other genitourinary anomalies.
Potent insulin-like activity was found in the conditioned medium of human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. The conditioned medium of HL-60 cells at high density stimulated [3H]glucose incorporation into lipids in rat adipocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The dose-response curve for this factor was not parallel to that for insulin, and the maximal effect achieved was much greater than reached by insulin or multiplication-stimulating activity. Moreover, the maximal effect reached by either insulin or the conditioned medium was additive. The insulin-like activity was not suppressed in the presence of antiinsulin antibody. Insulin-like activity was not detectable by radioreceptor assay for insulin, suggesting that the factor does not act through the insulin receptor. The factor in the conditioned medium of HL-60 cells was heat stable and sensitive to trypsin. When the conditioned medium was subjected to gel filtration on a Sephadex G-100 column, the major part of insulin-like activity eluted in the position corresponding to an apparent molecular weight between RNAase and insulin markers. The remaining activity, approximately 10% of the total, appeared with a larger molecular weight species. On isoelectric focusing of the smaller molecular species, insulin-like activity was largely focused in the position corresponding to pI 7.8-8.2.
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