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Biomedical subjects

H Miyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to H Miyoshi.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Theoretical and experimental approach to recognition of amino acid by tRNA and nucleotide II.

Strong and specific interactions between amino acids and their cognate tRNAs have been found by the CD, fluorescence, and UV absorption difference spectroscopy and by the gel-filtration method. New types of strong hydrogen bonding interactions between an amino acid and polynucleotides, nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleic acid bases in aqueous solution have also been detected. These findings are strong experimental evidence for the C4N model of the genetic code. The cases of glutamate and aspartate will theoretically be discussed in details.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

[Studies on pre- and postoperative extravascular lung water changes in patients with esophageal cancer].

Pre- and postoperative extravascular lung water (EVLW) changes in a series of twenty patients with esophageal cancer were studied using thermal-dye double-indicator dilution method. Preoperative EVLW was 8.2 +/- 2.3 ml/kg (M +/- SD), being greater as compared to the normal range of EVLW. The pattern of postoperative EVLW changes varied between patients and changes could not be predicted by the conventional examinations including chest X-ray, determination of pulmonary hemodynamics and blood gas analysis. Analysing the relationship between the changes in COP-PWP gradient and EVLW, COP-PWP gradient decreased on the first postoperative day regardless of the EVLW changes. With regard to the changes for the 2nd to the 3rd day or for the 3rd to the 4th day, however, the patients with elevating EVLW showed falling COP-PWP gradient, whereas the patients having decreasing EVLW had an increase in COP-PWP gradient. Especially, the patients in which EVLW had increased during the 3rd to the 4th day showed a remarkable rise of PWP possibly due to depressed left ventricular function. It is considered that the EVLW increase on the first postoperative day is attributable to an alteration of the permeability characteristics of alveolar capillary but that the increase in the 3rd to 4th day is simply due to an elevated hydrostatic pressure. This suggests that there are two different kinds of mechanism involving in the production of wet lung following esophageal cancer surgery.

Body Water↗
PubMed1982

"Ebb phenomenon" -- diagnosis of submucosal diffuse invasion of esophageal cancer.

The discovery of the "ebb phenomenon" in 1973 made it possible to detect submucosal diffuse invasion endoscopically. In 23 cases out of 74 cases, submucosal diffuse invasion was recognized. In 18 cases, submucosal diffuse invasion was recognized. In 18 cases, submucosal diffuse invasion was less than 30 mm from the margin of the main tumor but in 5 cases, invasion extended beyond 30 mm and in 2 cases, it extended almost 100 mm. It is very important to know of the existence of submucosal diffuse invasion and the range of its extent for the selection or combination of therapeutic modalities to improve the prognosis of these cases.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Effects of chlorpromazine and naloxone on growth hormone secretion in rats.

The present study was conducted to examine roles of brain monoamines and opioid peptides in growth hormone (GH) secretion in unanesthetized, freely behaving rats. The administration of chlorpromazine (CPZ, 300 microgram/100 g, i.v.), an antagonist of brain monoamines, to rats that were passively immunized with antiserum to somatostatin immediately lowered plasma GH levels and inhibited episodic GH secretion. An intraventricular injection of beta-endorphin (3.5 microgram) stimulated GH secretion. This effect was completely inhibited by the prior administration of naloxone (100 microgram/100 g, i.v.), a specific antagonist of opioid peptides, but not by CPZ. In addition, the administration of naloxone did not inhibit episodic GH secretion. The results suggest that CPZ inhibits episodic GH secretion via a factor(s) other than somatostatin. It is also inferred that brain monoamines, but not opioid peptides, play major roles in the regulation of episodic GH secretion in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Failure of naloxone to influence plasma growth hormone, prolactin, and cortisol secretions induced by insulin hypoglycemia.

The effect of naloxone, a specific antagonist of opioid peptides, on plasma, GH, PRL, and cortisol responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia was studied in five healthy male subjects. The iv administration of regular insulin (0.15 U/kg) led to similar degrees of hypoglycemia on control and experimental days. Plasma GH, PRL, and cortisol levels rose significantly in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. A 2-h infusion of naloxone (0.8 mg/h) started 30 min before insulin injection did not alter either basal hormone levels or the hormone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. These results suggest that endogenous opioid peptides do not play a major role in GH, PRL, or cortisol secretion induced by insulin hypoglycemia.

Adult↗