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Biomedical subjects

H Miyamoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Miyamoto.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Research on pelvic angle variation when using a pelvic support.

A pelvic support consisting of a forward sloping wedge of foam has been tested as an addition to conventional office seating for VDT work. In experiment 1 a questionnaire investigation was carried out on the impressions of 10 male and 10 female subjects who sat using pelvic supports. A general result from the questionnaire was that the waist and pelvis were felt to be stable and the evaluation was more positive with the support than without. In experiment 2, pelvis and chest inclinations were measured during sitting with and without the pelvic support. Over a long work period, significant differences were not observed. In both cases, subjects were able to move freely and there were no significant changes in posture. In experiment 3, pelvis and chest inclinations were measured in conditions of no pelvic support and with supports of 10, 20 and 30 degrees. The experiment demonstrated that a support angle of 10 degrees was stable and comfortable. In this research, it was found that the change of inclination of the pelvis can be measured continuously using an angle of inclination sensor. Imposing a forward slope of 4 to 10 degrees on the seat pan surface using the pelvic support had a positive effect, while angles of 20 and 30 degrees had a negative effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Arthroscopic management of temporomandibular closed lock.

Sixty-three consecutive patients with painful closed lock involving 83 temporomandibular joints were treated by surgery and followed up for at least 24 months. Prior to surgical treatment all had imaging to demonstrate that the cause of their painful jaw locking was an anterior displaced disc without reduction. All patients had received at least three months non-surgical treatment without response. The arthroscopic surgery consisted of release of adhesions, manipulation and placement of 25 mg hyaluronic acid into the joint space. No significant surgical complications occurred. Postoperative treatment involved physical therapy and stabilization splints. At 24 months after surgery 57 patients (90.5 per cent) had no pain and month opening had improved from preoperative 27.2 +/- 5.4 mm to 44.4 +/- 4.1 mm (p < 0.001). This study shows that arthroscopic surgery with continuing non-surgical therapy is a highly effective treatment for painful closed lock.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Filamentous bacteriophages of Vibrio parahaemolyticus as a possible clue to genetic transmission.

We have previously reported the isolation and characterization of two filamentous bacteriophages of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, designated Vf12 and Vf33. In this study, to understand the potential of these phages as tools for genetic transmission, we investigated the gene structures of replicative-form (RF) DNAs of their genomes and the distribution of these DNAs on chromosomal and extrachromosomal DNAs. The 7,965-bp nucleotide sequences of Vf12 and Vf33 were determined. An analysis of the overall gene structures revealed that Vf12 and Vf33 had conserved regions and distinctive regions. The gene organization of their conserved regions was similar to that of CTX phage of Vibrio cholerae and coliphage Ff of Escherichia coli, while their distinctive regions were characteristic of Vf12 and Vf33 phage genomes. Southern blot hybridization testing revealed that the filamentous phage genomes integrated into chromosomal DNA of V. parahaemolyticus at the distinctive region of the phage genome and were also distributed on some plasmids of V. parahaemolyticus and total cellular DNAs of one Vibrio damsela and one nonagglutinable Vibrio strain tested. These results strongly suggest the possibilities of genetic interaction among the bacteriophage Vf12 and Vf33 genomes and chromosomal and plasmid-borne DNAs of V. parahaemolyticus strains and of genetic transmission among strains through these filamentous phages.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1998

Entry and intracellular growth of Legionella dumoffii in alveolar epithelial cells.

We have found that Legionella dumoffii strain Tex-KL (ATCC 33343) invades into and proliferates in the human lung alveolar epithelial-cell line A549 in vitro. The organism associated with the A549 cells at a 10-fold greater magnitude than L. pneumophila Philadelphia-1 during in vitro coculture for 1 h. Thereafter, L. dumoffii Tex-KL invaded the cells at a significantly higher rate (100- to 1,000-fold) than did L. pneumophila Philadelphia-1. After internalization, however, both bacteria proliferated at the same rate. This in vitro finding led us to examine the bacterial localization in lungs in a fatal case of L. dumoffii pneumonia. Double immunostaining revealed the bacteria in surfactant apoprotein A-positive cells (i.e., type II alveolar epithelial cells). Next, we infected guinea pigs intratracheally with L. dumoffii Tex-KL. The animals became sick with a fever from 24 h to 48 h after infection with 10(4) to 10(9) cfu of L. dumoffii Tex-KL. The lung tissues were examined through electron microscopy at definite intervals. Many bacteria were found not only inside phagocytic cells in the alveolar space, but also in type I and type II alveolar epithelial cells. These findings strongly suggest that L. dumoffii has an ability to invade into and proliferate in human alveolar epithelial cells, which may explain the rapid and fulminant progress of pneumonia caused by L. dumoffii.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Characteristics of lectin staining patterns assessed by a modified sensitive thermo-method in rat livers with heterologous serum-induced fibrosis.

Lectins are sensitive probes which bind carbohydrate structures specifically. In this study, we modified the lectin staining procedure for sensitive detection of carbohydrate structures in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of normal and heterologous serum-induced fibrotic livers. The liver sections were heated in hot distilled water at 100 degrees C for 10 min (thermo-treatment: TT), and then stained with 24 different lectins. In comparison with the results from sections without TT (nonTT), enhanced and/or alternated staining patterns of 19 lectins were demonstrated in sections with TT, and enhanced staining of Vicia villosa agglutinin seen in Kupffer cells was noted. Interestingly, no positive staining was seen with Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, peanut agglutinin or soybean agglutinin (SBA), which recognize O-linked carbohydrate chains, in Kupffer cells of non-TT sections, but strong positive staining was demonstrated in those of TT sections. SBA-positive staining in the cytoplasm of some scattered hepatocytes located in the periportal and perifibrous zones and central zone of pseudolobules was demonstrated only in the fibrotic liver sections with TT. Such findings indicate the heterogeneity of hepatocytes in the liver with fibrosis. Formalin fixation causes masking of lectin binding sites, especially O-linked carbohydrate chains, and TT may recover such masking reactions. TT improved the staining reactions for many lectins in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver sections, and new staining patterns appear after TT. Modified TT staining procedures may be useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of liver fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Distribution and excretion of boron after intravenous administration of disodium mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate to rats.

Disodium mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (BSH) is an important compound for boron neutron capture therapy. The pharmacokinetics of boron by BSH were studied in normal rats after rapid intravenous injection at three doses (30, 100, 300 mg/kg) or continuous infusion (100 mg/kg/30 min). The boron concentration in biological samples was measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The blood half-lives of boron in the elimination phase (t1/2 beta) after rapid injection of BSH at doses of 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg were 1.7, 17 and 19 hr, respectively. AUC (32, 219 and 4030 micrograms.hr/ml) increased with the dose, but there was no proportionality among the values. Total clearance decreased drastically from 233 ml/hr/kg (100 mg/kg) to 38 ml/hr/kg (300 mg/kg). As boron was excreted mainly into urine, these results suggest that renal function failure might occur with dosing of 300 mg/kg. In the case of continuous infusion of 100 mg/kg of BSH for 30 min, the pharmacokinetic parameters were similar to those of rapid injection of 100 mg/kg. The highest boron concentration was observed in the kidney and the lowest in the brain. After multiple dosing of BSH at 100 mg/kg/day x 14 days, the boron concentrations in blood, liver, lung and kidney at 24 hr after the last dosing were higher than those after single dosing and were similar to those of simulated values calculated from the single dosing parameters. These results clearly indicated that boron does not accumulate unexpectedly in any tissue with multiple dosing of 100 mg/kg of BSH for two weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Study of rapidity and quality for the VITEK susceptibility cards with 45 wells.

VITEK 45 wells Card was evaluated. Recent clinical isolates of gram-positive cocci (107) and gram-negative bacilli (179) were antimicrobial susceptibility testing by VITEK system in comparison with MIC-2000 system. The antimicrobial susceptibility results were available within of 8 h for gram-positive cocci without a part of MRSA. Enterobac-teriaceae were available within of 8 h and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were from 8 to 11 h. The antimicrobial susceptibility data had disagreement of 60% with EM, 46% with CLDM for Enterococcus faecium, 50% with CMZ for Citrobacter freundii, and 71% with CTM for Morganella morganii, whereas it was satisfactory agreement of 97.5% for gram-positive cocci and 98.2% for gram-negative bacilli. In using this procedure it was possible to provide accurate and rapid results of anti-microbial susceptibility tests for all organisms.

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1998

[Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis with remarkable obstructive impairment of pulmonary function].

A 57-year-old-man was admitted because of persistent cough and progressive dyspnea over a period of 2 months. Examination revealed wheezing in both lungs, severe hypoxemia, and marked obstructive impairment of pulmonary function. A chest CT scan showed diffuse small nodular lesions with patchy air space opacifications. The patient was initially given a diagnosis of bronchiolitis of unknown cause. He showed marked improvement after treatment with oral prednisolone, but developed fever and dyspnea after returning home. This episode indicated hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a diagnosis supported by findings of increased CD 8 positive T-lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and a high titer of serum anti-Trichosporon antibody. Lung biopsy samples obtained under video-assisted thoracoscopy disclosed noncaseating granulomas in terminal and respiratory bronchioles, which resulted in marked narrowing of the lumen. The pathologic changes seemed to be consistent with obstructive impairment of pulmonary function in this patient.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1998

[A case of synchronous resection of double cancers in the lung and stomach through median sternotomy and abdominal incision].

A 72-year-old male was admitted to our clinic for the treatment of early stomach cancer. A chest X-ray film on admission showed a mass in the right lung field. CT scan and transbronchoscopic lung biopsy revealed lung cancer (C-T2N2M0-stage IIIA). Histologically it was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, which was different from stomach cancer. We underwent synchronous resection of this double cancer through median sternotomy and abdominal incision. We conducted lobectomy, bilateral mediastinal lymph node dissection, and wedge resection of stomach. Postoperative diagnosis was early lung cancer (p-T2N0M0-stage I) and advanced stomach cancer (A-IIc+IIa advanced t2 (mp) n1H0P0M0-stage II). Postoperative course was stable and the patient was healthy at present. As such, this case report suggests that synchronous double cancers involving the lung and stomach, if both cancer are early stage, should be resected synchronously.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1998

[Prospective study on evaluation of the ischemic heart disease for preoperative patients with lung cancer].

One hundred twenty-four patients with lung cancer undergoing operation in our hospital were prospectively studied on evaluation of the ischemic heart disease before operation. They performed master double electrocardiogram and exercised T1 scintigram before operation. The patient with positive master double electrocardiogram and/or exercised T1 scintigram was taken into high risk group. All patients in high risk group performed coronary angiography. This high risk group consisted of 37 patients (29.8%), including 6 single vessel disease (4.8%), 2 double vessel disease (1.6%), and 1 triple vessel disease (0.8%). Preoperative revascularization was done 8 patients (6.5%). These revascularization patients had uneventful course during and after lung operation. However 2 cases of vasospastic angina (VSA) occurred in non-risk group during operation. It was impossible to anticipate VSA before lung operation in our series. Therefore our preoperative evaluation and care of organic ischemic heart disease was effective in preventing cardiac complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Effects of electromagnetic fields on membrane ion transport of cultured cells.

We have studied the mechanisms of ion transport mediated by Na+/K(+)-pump and Na+,K+,Cl(-)-cotransport pathway of HeLa cells using Rb+ as an analog for K+, and proposed models of binding of ions for the transport pathways. Also, we clarified the relation between ion and water movements in the cells. Based on these findings, we have studied the effects of homogeneous and time-varying magnetic fields on the ion transport activity. The research presented here covers (i) brief explanations of our kinetic studies on the ion transport pathways for promoting understanding of the effects of magnetic fields on the pathways, (ii) our and other reports of the effects of magnetic fields on ion transport systems.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1997

Ki-67 labeling indices in non-small cell lung cancer: comparison between image cytometry and flow cytometry.

Expression of the proliferation-associated nuclear antigen Ki-67 was studied in 27 human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). We measured immunohistochemical Ki-67 labeling indices using image cytometry (ICM) and flow cytometry (FCM) and compared the indices determined with the two methods. Ki-67 labeling indices of tumor cells ranged from 2% to 59% with ICM, and from 3% to 56% with FCM, varying from case to case. There was a linear correlation of values between the two methods (r = 0.77, P < 0.05). To examine whether Ki-67 labeling indices represent tumor proliferative activity, we studied the relationship between the Ki-67 labeling index and the S-phase fraction determined by FCM. There was a positive correlation between the Ki-67 labeling index and the S-phase fraction (r = 0.91, P < 0.01). Comparison of Ki-67 labeling indices and clinicopathological parameters showed lower Ki-67 labeling indices in well-differentiated tumors than in moderate and poorly differentiated tumors (P < 0.05). No correlation was observed between Ki-67 labeling indices and p53 expression. It was concluded that the Ki-67 labeling index was in fact measured with both ICM and FCM, and that it represents tumor proliferative activity of NSCLCs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Cytomedical therapy for IgG1 plasmacytosis in human interleukin-6 transgenic mice using hybridoma cells microencapsulated in alginate-poly(L)lysine-alginate membrane.

Cytomedical therapy for human interleukin-6 transgenic mice (hIL-6 Tgm) was implemented by the intraperitoneal injection of alginate-poly(L)lysine-alginate (APA) membranes microencapsulating SK2 hybridoma cells (APA-SK2 cells) which secrete anti-hIL-6 monoclonal antibodies (SK2 mAb). IgG1 plasmacytosis in the hIL-6 Tgm was suppressed by a single injection of APA-SK2 cells, and the survival time of these mice was remarkably prolonged. The viable cell number and the SK2 mAb-secretion of APA-SK2 cells increased for at least one month both under culture conditions and in allogeneic recipients (in vivo). Moreover, SK2 mAb which were secreted from APA-SK2 cells injected into allogeneic recipients was detected in serum at high concentrations; 3-5 mg/ml from day 14 to day 50 post-injection. In contrast, the injection of free SK2 cells had no therapeutic effect on hIL-6 Tgm. These results strongly suggest that APA membranes microencapsulating cells which were modified to secrete molecules useful for the treatment of a disorder were effective as an in vivo long-term delivery system of bioactive molecules, as 'cytomedicine'.

Alginates↗
PubMed1997

Immunological studies of SK2 hybridoma cells microencapsulated with alginate-poly(L)lysine-alginate (APA) membrane following allogeneic transplantation.

Microencapsulation of living cells or tissues has been proposed to prevent their immune destruction following transplantation. In this study, we examined whether SK2 hybridoma cells microencapsulated in an alginate-poly(L)lysine-alginate (APA) membrane (APA-SK2 cells) were immunoisolated from the allogeneic host's immune system using a cytotoxicity test. The APA membrane inhibited the activation of the host's cellular immune response, but did not prevent the production of cytotoxic antibodies against entrapped SK2 cells following allogeneic transplantation. However, the APA-SK2 cells remained vital in SK2 cell-immunized mice as well as in intact mice. We considered that complement regulatory factors which were present on cell membrane and had species-specific restriction blocked the complement-mediated cell lysis on allogeneic transplantation, since APA-SK2 cells were destroyed by rabbit anti-SK2 cell antiserum. Our results demonstrated that APA membrane could inhibit cell-cell contact between entrapped cells and the host's lymphocytes, but could not completely protect the entrapped cells from xenogeneic humoral immunity.

Adoptive Transfer↗
PubMed1997

Effects of catholytes on the mobilization of proteins after capillary isoelectric focusing.

Purified proteins and human plasma proteins were separated by capillary isoelectric focusing and detected by cathodic mobilization, e.g. by replacing the cathodic sodium hydroxide solution by solutions containing another anion. The effect of catholyte anions on the resolution of mobilized proteins was examined. Compared with the chloride or phosphate anion, organic anions having small dissociation constants improved protein resolution, especially in the range of acidic proteins. Among the catholytes examined, acetic acid gave the best resolution for purified proteins and human plasma proteins. Measurement of the changes of electric current during the mobilization process indicated that organic anions with low mobility move slowly towards the anode and retard changes of pH gradient in the capillary. Isoelectric focusing, cathodic mobilization, and direct pH measurement in polyacrylamide gel columns (1.3 mm internal diameter and 38 mm long) also revealed these effects of low mobility anions. In order to visualize the behavior of human plasma proteins in the mobilization step, micro two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was employed. The results indicated that the proteins migrate towards the cathode, preserving their relative positions attained during the isoelectric focusing step.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1997

Separation of human plasma/serum proteins by capillary isoelectric focusing in the absence of denaturing agents.

Human plasma/serum proteins were separated by capillary isoelectric focusing in the absence of denaturing agents. Proteins focused in a fused silica capillary were mobilized by replacing the catholyte sodium hydroxide to acetic acid. The performance of the separation of human plasma proteins has been examined by changing the duration of the step of isoelectric focusing, carrier ampholyte concentration, and plasma protein concentration. The separation patterns of plasma proteins were compared with those obtained by micro two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) run in the absence of denaturants in order to locate the major plasma proteins on the capillary electropherograms. Using the established electrophoretic conditions and the results of peak identification, proteins in the sera of IgG myeloma patients were analyzed by capillary isoelectric focusing. The advantages of capillary isoelectric focusing in plasma protein analysis compared with 2-D PAGE are discussed.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1997

Imaging Plasmodium falciparum-infected ghost and parasite by atomic force microscopy.

Atomic force microscopy was used to image the membrane cytoskeleton network of normal and P. falciparum-infected ghosts. The membrane cytoskeleton network was examined in air-dried ghost preparations from normal and infected cells. We found that the spectrin network was changed in infected ghosts. The thickness of the normal red cell membrane was about 15.05 +/- 2.27 nm, while the thickness of the P. falciparum-infected membrane was found to be 22.97 +/- 3.84 nm. The ghost containing ring stage parasites exhibited areas of particle-like protrusions ranging in size from 0.2 to 0.7 micron. The surface of the P. falciparum parasite was also imaged in air-dried samples, showing the existence of a large protrusion extending from the parasite surface.

Animals↗