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Biomedical subjects

H Minato

Publications and source records attributed to H Minato.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Staging efficacy of breast cancer with sentinel lymphadenectomy.

Seventy-two patients underwent dye-guided or dye- and gamma probe-guided sentinel lymphadenectomy (SLND) followed by complete axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). The results of imprint cytology, frozen sections, and permanent sections of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) were compared to each other and to the histologic findings in the nonsentinel nodes. The SLN was identified in 62 (88%) of 72 patients. Evaluation of the SLN on the permanent sections yielded a diagnostic accuracy of 95%, a sensitivity of 89%, and a specificity of 100%, although the reliability of SLN diagnosis using frozen sections or imprint cytology is limited. Therefore, it may be concluded that SLND with multiple sectioning and histopathologic examination of the SLNs can predict the presence or absence of axillary-node metastases in patients with breast cancer. However, further studies will be needed to investigate the value of SLND in respect to the long-term regional control and any possible detriment or benefit to survival, before it can replace routine ALND as the preferred staging operation for operable breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Embryonal renal remnant in the gubernaculum testis.

We present a rare case of embryonal renal remnant found by chance as a mass in the gubernaculum testis during an operation on a right undescended testis. We discuss the relationship between this tissue and paradidymis or supernumerary kidney.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1999

Number and anatomical extent of lymph node metastases in gastric cancer: analysis using intra-lymph node injection of activated carbon particles (CH40).

BACKGROUND: The long-term survival of 200 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy was analyzed with respect to the number and anatomical extent of lymph node metastasis. All of the patients received intra-lymph node injection of fine activated carbon particle solution (CH40) during surgery. METHODS: The average number of resected lymph nodes increased in line with the anatomical level of lymph node dissection; 32.5 per patient in D1, 42.3 in D2, 3 and 66.3 in D4. The percentage of blackened lymph nodes without metastasis (42.4%) was slightly higher than that of lymph nodes containing metastasis (37.2%), but the difference was not statistically significant. Of the 200 patients, 61 (30.5%) had microscopic evidence of metastatic lymph node involvement. Twenty-two patients had between one and three metastatic lymph nodes, 19 had between four and nine and 20 patients had more than nine. The 5-year survival rate was 93.1% in patients without lymph node metastasis, 71.9% in patients with 1-8 metastatic nodes, 36.1% in patients with 4-9 nodes and 19.2% in patients with > 9 nodes. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate according to the anatomical extent of metastatic lymph nodes was 93.1% in n0, 63.1% in n1, 37.9% in n2, 27.8% in n3 and 0% in n4. The number of metastatic lymph nodes and also their anatomical extent were identified as independent prognostic factors for survival by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: The number and anatomical extent of metastatic lymph nodes have similar impacts on prognosis in gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Transplantation of osteoblast-like cells to the distracted callus in rabbits.

We carried out limb lengthening in rabbits and then transplanted osteoblast-like cells derived from the tibial periosteum to the centres of distracted callus immediately after distraction had been terminated. Two weeks later the transaxial area ratio at the centre of the distracted callus and the bone mineral density (BMD) were significantly higher in the transplanted group, by 21% and 42%, respectively, than in the non-injected group or the group injected with physiological saline (p < 0.05). Callus BMD as a percentage of density in uninvolved bone was also significantly higher in the transplanted group (p < 0.05) than in the other two groups, by 27% and 20% in the second and fourth weeks, respectively (p < 0.05). Mechanically, the callus in the transplanted group tended to be stronger as shown by the three-point bending test although the difference in fracture strength was not statistically significant. Our results show that transplantation of osteoblast-like cells promotes maturity of the distracted callus as observed at the second and fourth weeks after lengthening. The method appears promising as a means of shortening the consolidation period of callus distraction and decreasing complications during limb lengthening with an external fixator.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

[Primary pleural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma without chronic pyothorax].

Most cases of primary pleural malignant lymphoma develop following chronic pyothorax. We report a case of primary pleural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma without chronic pyothorax. A 63-year-old woman was referred and admitted to our hospital with a right pleural effusion that was detected during a routine physical checkup. Her liver, spleen, and superficial lymph nodes were not palpable on physical examination. The massive right pleural effusion and a pleural mass were demonstrated on chest X-ray films and thoracic computed tomograms. Diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was diagnosed by needle biopsy from the pleura, and the clinical stage was IE. Pleural effusion specimens contained no identifiable lymphoma cells, and examinations for Mycobacterium species were also negative. Human herpes virus 8 (HIV-8) DNA was detected in lymphocytes from the peripheral blood and pleural effusion. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs and HHV-8 DNA were both negative in biopsied tissue from the pleural mass. Although a complete remission was achieved, the lymphoma relapsed about 8 months later. The patient is currently receiving salvage chemotherapy. Cases of primary pleural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with massive pleural effusion that are not preceded by chronic pyothorax or Kaposi's sarcoma are very rare.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1998

Dye-Guided Sentinel Lymphadenectomy in Clinically Node-Negative and Node-Positive Breast Cancer Patients.

BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymphadenectomy has been used to assess the axillary nodal status in patients with breast cancer in an attempt to avoid unnecessary axillary dissection. Most studies have examined the utility of this procedure in clinically node-negative patients. However, the clinical evaluation of axillary nodes is often inaccurate for both clinically node-negative and clinically node-positive patients. METHODS: We performed dye-guided sentinel lymphadenectomy in both clinically node-negative and clinically node-positive patients with breast cancer. All patients also underwent a formal axillary dissection. The results of imprint cytology, frozen sections, and permanent sections of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) werecompared with each other and with histologic findings of the nonsentinel nodes. RESULTS: The SLN was identified in 30 (79%) of 38 patients with clinically negative nodes, and in 11 (92%) of 12 patients with clinically positive nodes. Forclinically node-negative patients, SLN evaluation yielded a diagnostic accuracyof 90%, a sensitivitiy of 72%, and a specificity of 100%. For clinically node-positive patients, these values were 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively. These values were not significantly different for the two groups of patients. CONCLUSION: Sentinel lymphadenectomy may be useful in assessing the axillarynodal status of both clinically node-positive and clinically node-negative breast cancer patients.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Angiomyolipoma predominantly composed of smooth muscle cells: problems in histological diagnosis.

AIMS: Five cases of angiomyolipoma (AML) composed exclusively or predominantly of smooth muscle cells (SMC) are presented to emphasize the histological diversity and to caution against errors in histological diagnosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four tumours were located in the liver and one in the renal capsule. Three patients were female and two were male, ranging from 36 to 76 years of age with a mean age of 50 years. One patient with a renal capsular tumour was associated with tuberous sclerosis. Two tumours were composed predominantly of a spindle-shaped SMC component, whereas three others were composed predominantly of epithelioid SMC elements. AMLs composed exclusively or predominantly of spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells (SMCs) stimulated leiomyoma, whereas AMLs composed exclusively or predominantly of epithelioid SMCs resembled epithelioid leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma or other sarcoma when cellular atypia was present. However, both spindle and epithelioid SMCs were characteristically positive for HMB-45 melanoma-specific antibody; no other tissue components in either the liver or kidney were reactive to HMB-45. CONCLUSIONS: AML is often composed predominantly of SMC elements, and morphological features of the SMC elements are quite variable. Therefore, careful attention must be given to histological assessment of AML. Whenever a pathologist encounters an unfamiliar hepatic or renal tumour, the possibility of AML should be considered. Reactivity for HMB-45, however, confirmed the diagnosis of AML.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Epithelioid cell granulomas in chronic hepatitis C: immunohistochemical character and histological marker of favourable response to interferon-alpha therapy.

AIMS: The clinicopathological significance of intrahepatic epithelioid cell granulomas in chronic hepatitis C was determined. METHOD AND RESULTS: Granulomatous lesions were surveyed in 542 liver biopsy specimens and were immunohistochemically examined. We also tested whether this lesion is a marker of response to interferon-alpha therapy in chronic hepatitis C. Granulomatous lesions in hepatic lobules and/or portal tracts were identified in 11/542 (2%) cases with chronic hepatitis C. Granulomas were positive for HLA-DR and beta 2-microglobulin, and were surrounded by T-cells. Among them, three chronic hepatitis C cases showed portal granulomas with mild biliary epithelial damage. Bile ducts showing mild epithelial damage in chronic hepatitis C were positive for beta 2-microglobulin, but negative for HLA-DR, while both antigens were frequently expressed in damaged bile ducts in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). All five cases of chronic hepatitis C with granulomas who had interferon-alpha therapy and were followed up and were found to have responded well. CONCLUSION: Granulomas showed the same immunohistochemical phenotypes, though the expression of HLA-DR on bile ducts in PBC but not in chronic hepatitis C suggests a different pathogenesis. Granulomas may predict a favourable response to interferon-alpha therapy in chronic hepatitis C.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Distortion of the radial artery by a mucinous cyst. Case reports.

Three cases of mucinous cyst situated close to the radial artery are reported. The patients complained of pain, a throbbing mass, or both at the wrist. Colour Doppler sonography showed distortion of the radial artery by the cyst in all three patients. In one patient the cyst was connected to a synovial sac by a pedicle, in another it was adherent to the radial artery but was identified histopathologically as a simple ganglion, and in the last patient a branch of the radial artery was involved in the cyst, which was identified histopathologically as an adventitial cyst. Mucinous cysts enlarge when subjected to mechanical stress. Excision is recommended for cysts that distort the radial artery.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Diffuse biliary tract involvement mimicking primary sclerosing cholangitis in an experimental model of chronic graft-versus-host disease in mice.

Experimental graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) across minor histocompatibility antigens was developed by injecting spleen and bone marrow cells (9:1) of congenic B10.D2 mice into sublethally irradiated BALB/c mice, and the histologic features of the liver were studied for up to 14 months after transplantation. Both intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts were severely involved in the GVHD process and showed features of non-suppurative cholangitis. Inflammatory cells, mainly lymphocytes, abutted the bile ducts and infiltrated into the duct epithelial layer together with a variety of degenerative changes in the epithelial cells. The peak inflammatory activity occurred about 2-3 weeks after transplantation. Thereafter, the inflammatory cell infiltration around the bile ducts and in the bile duct epithelial layer gradually became reduced in severity, although the infiltration persisted during the entire 14 month observation period. Periductal and duct wall fibroplasia began about 1 week after transplantation and gradually progressed. After 2-3 months post-transplantation, distinct ductal and periductal fibrosis of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts was observed. This histologic feature resembled that of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). These results suggest that PSC lesions might develop as a result of chronic cellular immunologic mechanisms in GVHD across minor histocompatibility barriers.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effects of monatepil maleate, a new Ca2+ channel antagonist with alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonistic activity, on cholesterol absorption and catabolism in high cholesterol diet-fed rabbits.

The mechanism of the prophylactic effect against hyperlipidemia by monatepil maleate was investigated in animal models. Monatepil maleate is an antihypertensive agent with Ca2+-channel antagonistic, alpha1-adrenergic receptor-blocking, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. In high cholesterol diet-fed rabbits, monatepil maleate (30 mg/kg, p.o., once daily for 9 weeks) showed a prophylactic effect against increases in total cholesterol and beta-lipoprotein. Monatepil maleate significantly accelerated the clearance of radioactivity from the blood after intravenous injection of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) labeled with [1alpha,2alpha (n)-3H]cholesterol, increasing biliary excretion of [3H]-bile acids without modifying bile acid composition. Furthermore, monatepil maleate tended to inhibit the absorption of orally administered [1alpha,2alpha (n)-3H]cholesterol from the gastrointestinal tract in these rabbits. In Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits, an animal model of hepatic LDL receptor deficiency, monatepil maleate (30 mg/kg, p.o., once daily for 6 months) did not suppress the increase in plasma lipids. These results suggest that the plasma lipid lowering effect of monatepil maleate requires the presence of hepatic LDL receptors. It is also suggested that monatepil maleate improves plasma lipid metabolism through two mechanisms: enhancement of clearance of plasma LDL, which may be mediated by up-regulation of hepatic LDL receptors, and acceleration of conversion of free cholesterol to bile acids in the liver.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1997

Construction of a Fibrobacter succinogenes genomic map and demonstration of diversity at the genomic level.

The genomic cleavage map of the type strain Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 was constructed. The restriction enzymes AscI, AvrII, FseI, NotI, and SfiI generated DNA fragments of suitable size distribution that could be resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). An average genome size of 3.6 Mb was obtained by summing the total fragment sizes. The linkages between the 15 AscI fragments of the genome were determined by combining two approaches: isolation of linking clones and cross-hybridization of restriction fragments. The genome of F. succinogenes was found to be represented by the single circular DNA molecule. Southern hybridization with specific probes allowed the eight genetic markers to be located on the restriction map. The genome of this bacterium contains at least three rRNA operons. PFGE of the other three strains of F. succinogenes gave estimated genome sizes close to that of the type strain. However, RFLP patterns of these strains generated by AscI digestion are completely different. Pairwise comparison of the genomic fragment distribution between the type strain and the three isolates showed a similarity level in the region of 14.3% to 31.3%. No fragment common to all of these F. succinogenes strains could be detected by PFGE. A marked degree of genomic heterogeneity among members of this species makes genomic RFLP a highly discriminatory and useful molecular typing tool for population studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Blood cyst of the pulmonary valve in an adult: report of a case and review of the literature.

We report a case of a blood cyst originating from the pulmonary valve cusp of a 43-year-old Japanese woman with pulmonary stenosis. Cineangiography revealed a pedunculated tumor on the arterial surface of the pulmonary valve. It was successfully removed by a transpulmonary artery approach. The cyst contained old blood and calcified thrombi, and its wall consisted of collagenous fibrous tissue. Immunohistochemically, a monolayer of flat cells lining the cyst was confirmed as endothelium using antibodies to von Willebrand factor and CD34, as well as UEA-I lectin. To the best of our knowledge, blood cysts of the pulmonary valve are rare and only 10 such cases have been reported, including six pediatric cases. This case is the oldest and fifth adult patient with a blood cyst found on the pulmonary valve. A possible histogenesis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Hepatic hilar inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking cholangiocarcinoma with cholangitis and phlebitis--a variant of primary sclerosing cholangitis?

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is rare. We present a case of hepatic IPT mimicking cholangiocarcinoma in which the tumor was located at the left porta hepatis. The patient was a 64-year-old man in whom abnormal liver function test results had been noted incidentally during an annual health checkup in 1993: the patient declined to go to the hospital for further examination. At the annual health checkup the following year, abnormal liver function test results were noticed again, and this time he did go to a hospital, where a hepatic mass was found. Laboratory test results were unremarkable. Based on the location of the lesion and the findings of a variety of imaging modalities, such as ultrasound and computed tomography examination, the lesion was preoperatively diagnosed as hilar cholangiocarcinoma and was surgically resected. Pathologic examination of the resected lesion, however, revealed that it was not a true tumor but an inflammatory pseudotumor with marked destructive and sclerosing cholangitis mimicking primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and obliterative phlebitis. Since the location and features of the tumor in the present case are very pertinent to the relationship between IPT and PSC, we describe its clinical and histologic features and discuss the findings in relation to PSC in the context of our literature review.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

Protective effect of zonisamide, an antiepileptic drug, against transient focal cerebral ischemia with middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion in rats.

PURPOSE: The antiepileptic effects of zonisamide (ZNS) have been well documented experimentally and clinically. The purpose of this study was to examine whether ZNS reduces cerebral damage after transient focal ischemia in rats. METHODS: Ischemia was induced by a transient occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) with a 3-0 nylon monofilament for 90 min. Neurological evaluation was performed by measuring the event of neurological deficit of the contralateral forepaw and hindpaw at 10 min and 1 day after MCA occlusion (MCAo). Brain infarct size was determined by measuring triphenyltetrazonium chloride-negative stained area of the serial brain sections 1 day after MCAo. RESULTS: The pre- or postischemic treatment with ZNS [(10-100 mg/kg p.o.), 30 min before and 4 h after or 15 min and 4 h after the occlusion] markedly reduced cerebral damage in the ipsilateral hemisphere and the neurological deficit induced by transient ischemia. The reducing effect on the damage was observed in the cortical and subcortical regions. Preischemic treatment with carbamazepine (CBZ 60 mg/kg p.o. twice 30 min before and 4 h after MCAo) tended to reduce the cerebral damage and neurological deficit, but the lower dose (20 mg/kg p.o. twice) did not. Valproate (VPA 1,000 mg/kg p.o. twice) also had no effect. CONCLUSIONS: ZNS at the anticonvulsant dose, unlike CBZ and VPA, ameliorated the brain infarction and the event of neurological deficit after transient focal cerebral ischemia. These data suggest that ZNS has therapeutic potential in protecting against ischemic cerebral damage, such as stroke.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Cerebrovascular selectivity and vasospasmolytic action of the novel calcium antagonist (+/-)-(E)-1-(3-fluoro-6, 11-dihydrodibenz[b,e]oxepin-11-yl)-4-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-piperazine dimaleate in isolated cerebral arteries of the rabbit and dog.

The cerebrovascular selectivity and vasospasmolytic action of AJ-3941 ((+/-)-(E)-1-(3-fluoro-6, 11-dihydrodibenz[b,e]oxepin-11-yl)-4-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-p iperazine dimaleate. CAS 143110-70-7), a new calcium antagonist, were studied in isolated rabbit and dog arterial preparations. In rabbit arterial ring preparations, AJ-3941 dose-dependently inhibited the contractions of various arteries caused by high K(+)-depolarization (high K+) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PG). The inhibitory potency of AJ-3941 varied in different arteries, in descending order as follows: high K+: basilar > coronary > femoral > renal > mesenteric artery, PG: basilar > coronary > > femoral and renal artery. The median inhibitory concentration (IC50) in the basilar artery was over 40 times lower than that in the mesenteric or femoral artery for which the weakest inhibition in the examined arteries was observed. This selective action of AJ-3941 for cerebral artery was also observed in the frontal and middle cerebral arteries of dogs. The selectivity for the rabbit basilar artery was higher than those of flunarizine and nicardipine. Additionally, the contractile response of the rabbit basilar artery induced by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), was greater than those of the arteries examined such as the coronary, femoral and mesenteric arteries. The response in the basilar artery was greatly reduced in Ca(2+)-free medium, while this was not the case in other arteries. AJ-3941 as well as H-7, an inhibitor of PKC, potently inhibited PDBu-induced contractile response in the basilar artery in the presence, but not in the absence of Ca2+ in the medium, whereas the existing calcium antagonists, diltiazem and nicardipine, did not inhibit the contractile response in both conditions. These results suggest that the PKC-dependent system which is mediated by influx of extracellular Ca2+ profoundly contributes to the contraction of the cerebral artery and that the cerebroselective-vasodilating effect of AJ-3941 may depend, at least partly, on the inhibition of the PKC-mediated contractile response. In rabbit basilar arteries, AJ-3941 caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the contraction induced by various vasospasmogens, such as endothelin-1 (ET), arachidonic acid, 15-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid and the thromboxane A2-mimetic U-46619. Furthermore, when isolated basilar arteries of the dog were perfused intraluminally with AJ-3941 at the concentration that inhibits high K(+)- or PG-induced contraction in the rabbit basilar artery, AJ-3941 effectively antagonized the vasospasm induced by extraluminal application of PG or ET. However, when flunarizine, nicardipine, diltiazem or verapamil was used for intraluminal perfusion of the same preparations, none of these drugs exerted spasmolytic effect. These results indicate that AJ-3941 has cerebrovascular selective-vasospasmolytic action, and consequently is thought to be effective in cerebrovascular disorder such as vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Animals↗