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Biomedical subjects

H Miller

Publications and source records attributed to H Miller.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Synthesis of DNA as shown by the deoxyuridine suppression test is normal in the vitamin B12-deficient fruit bat (Rosettus Aegyptiacus).

1. DNA synthesis in the bone marrow and lymphocytes of the vitamin B12-deficient fruit bat (Rosettus Aegyptiacus) has been studied via the deoxyuridine (dU) suppression test. 2. In contrast to vitamin B12 deficiency in man, the dU suppression test was not abnormal in the vitamin B12-deficient bat, and this correlates with the reported finding that the latter does not develop megaloblastic anaemia. 3. The protection of haemopoiesis from vitamin B12 deficiency in the bat is probably related to the presence in the bat of separate pools of methylfolate and tetrahydrofolate, which enables the bat to overcome the trapping of methylfolate attendant on vitamin B12 deficiency. 4. These results confirm the central role of the vitamin B12 and folate-dependent pathway of de novo synthesis of DNA in the pathogenesis of vitamin B12-deficient megaloblastic anaemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Antimicrobial activity of street heroin.

Street heroin and injection paraphernalia have been implicated as sources of bacteria causing infections in drug abusers [1]. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus are common etiologic agents. In a previous study of the microbiology of street heroin and injection paraphernalia, Bacillus species was the predominant isolate [2]. We did not find S. aureus, but one study reported isolates of identical phage type from heroin powder and from an infected patient [3]. To reconcile the results of our recent investigation among drug abusers with panophthalmitis, we theorized that the drug mixture might have an antibacterial effect. Of the samples of street heroin tested, all except one were bactericidal against S. aureus. The single sample with no heroin content was not bactericidal against one isolate of S. aureus and was the only sample that exhibited some degree of inhibitory and bactericidal activity against P. aeruginosa. All samples were bactericidal against the two isolates of B. cereus tested. Quinine exhibited bactericidal activity against S. aureus and B. cereus but was ineffective against P. aeruginosa. Our findings indicate that most samples of street heroin have antibacterial effects against S. aureus and B. cereus but no activity against P. aeruginosa. Such activity may be due to the quinine content of the mixture. The apparent lack of recovery of S. aureus from street heroin may be partially explained by this phenomenon.

Bacillus cereus↗
PubMed1980

Effect of reserpine upon the haemodynamic course of recovery following experimental myocardial infarction.

Acute haemodynamic consequences of coronary artery ligation were evaluated in twenty-four anaesthetized open-chest dogs, nine of which were pretreated with reserpine. The following parameters were measured before, and at 15-min intervals following ligation for at least five hours : ECG, mean arterial blood pressure, aortic blood flow, left ventricular pressure, heart rate, peripheral resistance (P.R.), end-diastolic pressure, dP/dtmax, and "internal work" (I.W. = heart rate x dP/dtmax). It was found that aortic flow was similar in control and reserpine-pretreated dogs (753 +/- 43 vs. 744 +/- 57 ml/min respectively), even though heart rate, blood pressure and other parameters were significantly higher in the control animals. Furthermore, the controls could be divided into two groups : recoverers (R) and non-recoverers (N), on the basis of late stage haemodynamic differences. The ratio of PR/IW taken within one hour of ligation was significantly higher in the R group (496 +/- 69) and reserpine group (479 +/- 30) than in the N group (242 +/- 28), and could predict course of recovery in each dog studied. It is concluded that the presence of myocardial catecholamines may be deleterious to the ischemic heart when the PR or IW are disproportionately altered.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Communicate!

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Communication↗
PubMed1979

Factor XIII levels in relation to gynaecological operations.

In 25 patients with vaginal hysterectomies and 14 with abdominal hysterectomies, Factor XIII activity in the antiseruminhibition test of Bohn and Haupt was measured in the first 7 postoperative days. Both groups showed a statistically significant reduction in activity (40--50%) which started at 2 h after operation and lasted until the 3rd postoperative day. The route of operation did not significantly affect the results and neither did the phase of the cycle nor the age of the patient.

Factor XIII↗
PubMed1979

Constrained total shoulder joint replacement: a critical review.

Constrained total shoulder replacement is a salvage procedure for the patient with disabling pain and a nonfunctioning rotator cuff mechanism. The results of pain relief have been gratifying. When active overhead motion is a goal of treatment a strong deltoid muscle is required. The rationale for fixing a fulcrum is to substitute for the loss of the rotator cuff mechanism that stabilizes the humeral or prosthetic head on the shallow glenoid. The best method of attachment for the glenoid component to an intact glenoid vault described herein has been found to be superior to other methods. In particular, the vault should not be mutilated. This is borne out by the clinical experience and laboratory testing that loosening or pull-out does not occur with an intact glenoid. Moreover, the attachment is stronger than the dry bone just medial to the vault where fracture always occurred through the suprascapular notch in laboratory tests. Although there may be good pain relief with this operation, active function still depends on residual deltoid muscle power wherein a poor deltoid will only allow passive motion. Moreover, the outcome of any shoulder operation still depends in large measure on the excellence of the postoperative rehabilitation program. Finally, other worthwhile shoulder operations should be given first consideration in order to serve the needs of individual patients.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1978

Utilization of an automated ECG interpretation system in an ambulatory health service.

A computerized ECG interpretation system was incorporated into a large ambulatory health care service. The central unit has several terminals located at various regional cardiological clinics. In each clinic 80--120 ECG's are taken daily, of which 56% are interpreted as normal tracings. The interpretation system is currently utilized to separate automatically normal from abnormal tracings. Normal tracings are not re-checked by a cardiologist and the report is delivered directly to the family physician. In order to evaluate the reliability of the computer interpretation of normal ECG's (i.e., the percent of false-negative readings), 500 tracings interpreted by the program as normal were selected at random and read independently by three cardiologists. It was found that in 4.6% of the cases additional remarks were supplemented to the computer statement by at least one of the cardiologists. Most of the computer-cardiologist disagreements were of limited clinical importance. It was concluded that this system could be used as an effective tool for simultaneously processing ECG's from several remote locations, serving large ambulatory populations. By using the assistance of the computer system, marked reduction in cardiologists' time and cost could be achieved.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1978

A new sensitive method for detecting human endogenous (leukocyte) pyrogen.

Endogenous, or leukocyte pyrogen (EP), the mediator of fever, is currently detected by injection of pyrogen-containing supernatants into rabbits. This assay has been of little value in the study of human fever because it required injection of relatively large amounts of pyrogen. We now report that injection of medium containing human EP produces fever in mice. Supernatant from 1 c 10(5) granulocytes, stimulated by phagocytosis of staphylococci and incubated overnight, or 1 x 10(4) monocytes similarly treated, produce clear pyrogenic responses. This method for detecting EP is about 100-fold more sensitive than the rabbit assay, and it appears to be specific for EP. Preliminary studies of EP released by small samples of needle liver biopsies from febrile and afebrile patients suggests that this sensitive assay may be useful for investigations into the mechanisms of clinical fever.

Animals↗