Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Mikawa

Publications and source records attributed to H Mikawa.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Prediction of the development of atopic symptoms in early childhood by cord IgE-binding factors (soluble Fc epsilon R2).

The relationship of cord serum sFc epsilon R2 levels to the development of atopic symptoms in early childhood was studied. Cord sFc epsilon R2 was 444.2 +/- 235.1 pg/ml (n = 77), which was not significantly different from maternal serum sFc epsilon R2 (541.7 +/- 346.9 pg/ml, n = 42). However, there was no correlation between cord and maternal serum sFc epsilon R2, suggesting that most, if not all, of cord serum sFc epsilon R2 was produced by the fetus itself. Cord serum sFc epsilon R2 in infants who developed atopic symptoms later was significantly higher than that in infants who were free of atopic symptoms (P less than 0.01 at 7 and 13 months of age). The incidence of the development of atopic symptoms increased with the increase of cord serum sFc epsilon R2. These results suggest that sFc epsilon R2 is related to the development of atopic disorders and that the measurement of cord serum sFc epsilon R2 may be of value in predicting the development of atopic disorders in early childhood.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Regional cerebral blood flow in diagnosis of childhood onset partial epilepsy.

We compared regional cerebral blood flow assessed by [123I]N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and interictal surface electroencephalography (EEG) to evaluate its diagnostic potential in 24 patients with partial seizures with onset in childhood. Focal low uptake areas were observed on SPECT scans of 18 patients and were presumed to represent epileptogenic areas in 17. MRI revealed an abnormality in 12 and CT in 6 patients, and all organic lesions showed SPECT abnormalities, too. Six patients without focal structural abnormalities showed regional perfusion deficit on SPECT. Routine scalp EEG revealed an epileptic focus in 17 patients and three of them showed discordant results between SPECT and EEG, which suggested more serious brain disorders. In two patients without EEG localization only SPECT showed focal abnormalities in the probable epileptic area. [123I]IMP-SPECT was useful in locating the epileptic focus, particularly during the early period after the onset of partial seizures when the EEG gave inconclusive results.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High doses of penicillin decreases [3H]flunitrazepam binding sites in rat neuron primary culture.

Penicillin (PC) neurotoxicity (convulsions and encephalopathy) is considered to be due to GABAergic inhibition. The effects of penicillin G(PCG) on [3H]flunitrazepam (FNZ) binding in rat neuron-enriched primary cultures was examined to assess the role of the benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptor in the neurotoxicity. PCG application for 24 h induced a significant decrease in [3H]FNZ binding activity at 10(-3) M, and a decrease in available receptor number (Bmax) at 10(-2) M, without obvious cell damage. Pre-application of the BDZ receptor antagonist, Ro-15-1788, prevented the PC-induced decrease in [3H]FNZ binding activity. Therefore, PC seems to reduce the number of BDZ receptors through a direct effect on this receptor, which is a part of the major inhibitory system in mammalian brain; the GABAergic macromolecular receptor complex. This decrease in BDZ receptors may play a role in PC-induced neurotoxicity, especially encephalopathy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Indication for anti-epileptic drug treatment of benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes.

To approach the problem concerning whether or not anti-epileptic treatment of benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BCECT) is necessary, we retrospectively studied 6 untreated and 39 treated patients with BCECT and compared their clinical findings after 2 years of observation. Then we selected 6 untreated and 28 treated patients from the same series who had been free from attacks for more than 2 years to determine whether the mode of onset (multiple seizures or isolated one for the first month of the illness) was related to the duration of active epilepsy in these two groups. This comparative study of untreated and treated patients followed for 2 years revealed no differences in the interval between first visit and start of attack-free period between the two groups. The mean duration of active epilepsy in those with only isolated seizures at onset was significantly shorter than that in those with multiple seizures at onset. Anti-epileptic medication may be unnecessary in patients with isolated seizure during sleep; it does not affect the natural course of BCECT. Treatment is necessary for a longer period in patients with multiple seizures at onset than in those with isolated seizures at onset.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute hemiplegia in childhood with the occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery.

Two cases of acute hemiplegia with the occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery were reported in children. Both patients were low-birth-weight infants with a history of febrile convulsions. Cerebral edema due to prolonged seizures was considered to be an etiologic factor of the occlusion of posterior cerebral artery. When the seizure is focal or the patient has perinatal difficulty, febrile convulsions should be treated carefully, as the possibility of epilepsy exists.

Brain Edema↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebellum and brain stem atrophy in a child with Huntington's chorea.

An 11-yr-old girl with Huntington's chorea since the age of 4 had mental deterioration, chorea, rigidity, generalized convulsions and cerebellar ataxia. Computerized tomography (CT) showed atrophy of the cerebellum and brain stem in addition to atrophy of the caudate nucleus and cerebral cortex.

Atrophy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberous sclerosis with increasing calcification in the brain during a 15-month period: a case report.

We report here a patient with tuberous sclerosis who, over a 15-month period, had markedly increasing brain calcification on CT (computed tomography). When first seen, the 2-month-old boy had a white spot on the right thigh. His mother, maternal uncles, grandfather and great-grandfather had not only white spot but also sebaceous adenoma. Infantile spasms were noted 2 days after birth. His first brain CT at 3 months of age showed a slightly higher than normal density area in the right occipital lobe. Subsequent CT scans at 6 and 18 months of age revealed progressively increasing density in this area (CT number above 60).

Brain Diseases↗