Fifty patients presenting clinically with TIAs were examined angiographically. Twenty one patients (42%) had no abnormality. Twenty patients (40%) had stenosis or occlusion in the MCA, ACA or intracranial carotid, whereas 11 (22%) had involvement of their extracranial internal carotid artery. Seven of the 28 CTs performed showed basal ganglia infarcts. This suggests that the cause for the TIA was an infarct in the vascular territory of a lenticulostriate artery.

Basal Ganglia↗

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Arteriographically visualized extravasation in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Report of seven cases.

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical treatment of primary intracerebral hemorrhage- Part 1: new angiographical classification.

A new angiographical classification of primary intracerebral hemorrhage is presented. We have clarified the predilection sites of intracerebral hemorrhage and the advancing direction of the hematoma by studying autopsy cases. Furthermore, we tried to detect the presence or absence of destruction of the internal capsule and ventricular rupture by means of angiography. Our classification, introducing the idea of dynamic changes of hematoma advancement from localized to advanced type, can be applied to clinical practice. This classification, along with the patient's level of consciousness, it felt to be the most important indication for operation.

Cerebral Angiography↗

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Comparative angiographic and histological evaluations of intracranial atherosclerosis in hypertensive and normotensive subjects.

Cerebral atherosclerosis without luminal narrowing has been found macroscopically and by angiographic examinations in some patients with cerebral hemorrhage. In order to clarify the histology of non-stenotic atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels, we examined cleared specimens and serial sections of the main trunks of the cerebral arteries. The middle cerebral artery was selected in 20 cases of cerebral hemorrhage and 7 cases of cerebral infarction. Non-stenotic atherosclerosis was found frequently in cases of cerebral hemorrhage, while most patients with cerebral infarction showed stenotic cerebral atherosclerosis. We counted the numbers of medial smooth muscle cells in 10 autopsied cases of cerebral hemorrhage and 6 of cerebral infraction. The mean numbers of smooth muscle cells per unit area in the patient with cerebral hemorrhage were less than those in cerebral infraction. In cerebral hemorrhage, the main trunks of the cerebral arteries were dilated, probably as a result of the damage to medial muscle cells and higher blood pressure during the course of intimal thickening. It is considered that arterial hypertension spreads to the peripheral, small arteries through the main trunks without luminal narrowing of the cerebral vessels.

Adult↗

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Fibrinolytic activity in patients with acute tonsillitis.

Three parameters in blood fibrinolysis, viz, the levels of fibrinogen, plasminogen, and fibrinogen and/or fibrin degradation products (FDP), were measured in patients with acute tonsillitis and the results were compared with those for healthy adults. The fibrinogen content in acute tonsillitis increased significantly (P less than .001), that of plasminogen decreased significantly (P less than .005), while FDP showed a higher value (P less than .01). The significance of the fibrinolytic system in acute tonsillitis is discussed.

Acute Disease↗

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Characteristics of tissue plasminogen activator from paranasal mucous membrane in chronic sinusitis.

Tissue extract of paranasal mucous membrane from patients with chronic sinusitis was found to show a large lysis area on plasminogen-rich fibrin plates, but not on plasminogen-free fibrin plates. This indicates the existence of tissue plasminogen activator in the tissue extract. Further studies by the gel filtration technique showed that two plasminogen activators of different molecular weights were present in the tissue extract. The existence of tissue plasminogen activator with a low molecular weight has not previously been reported. This activator is labile at neutral pH at 37 degrees C, but stable on fibrin under the above conditions. The molecular weight of this compound is lower than that of cytochrome c. It may be a compound which is proteolytically modified by proteases, ie, trypsin-like enzymes, existing in the paranasal mucous membrane tissue of patients with chronic sinusitis.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Arthus tonsillitis in the rabbit. Histological findings and fibrinolytic activity in the blood.

Arthus-type hypersensitivity was induced experimentally in the tonsils of rabbits. Histopathological studies were performed on the Arthus tonsillitis so produced, and estimations of the plasma fibrinolytic activity were made on the blood of these rabbits. The findings obtained by macroscopic inspection of the tonsil revealed significant bleeding and swelling. Furthermore, the histopathological studies demonstrated bleed and infiltration of leukocytes into various parts of the parenchyma and connective tissue surrounding the tonsil during the early stages of tonsillitis. From the results concerning certain parameters of the fibrinolytic system in the blood, it was demonstrated that, during the early stage of tonsillitis, the fibrinolytic activity increased and whole plasmin was consumed. Based on the above findings, it seems that the change in fibrinolytic activity found in rabbits affected by Arthus tonsillitis closely resembles that in patients suffering from acute tonsillitis.

Animals↗

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Role of the kidney in the inactivation rate constant of urokinase activity.

The role of the kidney in the inactivation rate constant of UK activity (ke) was examined experimentally. The results obtained were as follows. There was a remarkable divergence in FA between the abdominal aorta and renal vein. When the bilateral renal arteries and veins were ligated, ke was 0.38, in contrast to 0.79 in the normal state. When UK was infused into rabbits with ligated renal vessels, the FA lasted for an increased period after the termination of UK infusion. These findings suggest that the kidney functions as an inactivator of UK.

Animals↗