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Biomedical subjects

H Michel

Publications and source records attributed to H Michel.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Portal hypertension and hemorrhoids. Cause effect relationship?].

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and the size of hemorrhoids with the degree of portal hypertension; 101 patients with intrahepatic portal hypertension documented by measuring wedged and free hepatic venous pressures before performing transjugular liver biopsy and 67 patients free of liver disease were investigated by proctoscopy. Portal hypertension was associated with a higher prevalence of hemorrhoids (93 p. 100 vs 76 p. 100); there was no relation between portal pressure and the size of haemorrhoids; no relation was found between the size of hemorrhoids and the grade of esophageal varices.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of hemorrhage caused by rupture of esophageal varices in the cirrhotic patient: remote results of a practical controlled study comparing the esophageal clip to conventional medical treatment].

From 1974 to 1979, a prospective controlled study was conducted in 100 patients with cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices. The patients were randomly allocated to either portal disconnection of the esophagus with a clip or medical treatment. Randomization and treatment were performed in emergency situation for 50 patients and electively in 50 patients. All survivors had at least 5 years of observation after randomization. Concerning rebleeding, in the group randomized in emergency, 33 p. cent of patients had recurrent bleeding in the surgical group (mean delay: 64.1 +/- 12.4 months) and 84 p. cent among the medically treated patients (mean delay: 10.6 +/- 4.7 months). This difference is statistically significant (p less than 0.001). For the group randomized electively, 25 p. cent of the surgical patients had recurrent bleeding (mean delay: 76.3 +/- 6.4 months) and 92 p. cent of the medically treated patients had recurrent haemorrhage (mean delay: 20 +/- 5.9 months). The difference is statistically significant p less than 0.001). Concerning survival, among the patients randomized in emergency, 20 died in the surgical group (mean survival: 38.9 +/- 9.3 months) and 22 in the medical group (mean survival: 10.8 +/- 4.6 months). Among the patients randomized electively, there were 19 deaths in the surgical group (mean survival: 46.6 +/- 6.8 months) and 21 in the medical group (mean survival: 32.2 +/- 7.6 months). The difference of survival between the medical and the surgical group is not statistically significant.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of cancer of the pancreas (biliary-digestive bypass or excision?). Retrospective study of 164 patients].

The aim of this work was to study retrospectively the survival of 164 patients with cancer of the pancreas diagnosed in a gastroenterological unit from 1975 to 1984, according to the therapeutic procedure: 50 patients have not been operated, 12 have undergone an exploratory laparotomy, 72 patients a biliary bypass, 13 patients had undergone a pancreato-duodenectomy, 15 patients a total pancreatectomy, and 2 a caudal pancreatectomy; 9 patients inoperable had benefit from endoscopic biliary drainage. The survival was not statistically different in the 4 groups of patients. Today with a 2 year's follow-up, all patients have died. In the homogeneous group of 80 patients having a tumor of the head of the pancreas, the survival of the unoperated patients (72 +/- 19 days) is statistically lower than that of the patients having a biliary by-pass (187 +/- 28 days) (p less than 0.02). According to the Cox model, the variables age, sex, tumor localization and diagnosis delay did not influence the survival time. In conclusion, the results of this study confirm the severity of the cancer of the pancreas, whatever the therapeutic procedure used. Because of lack of controlled studies, it is impossible to codify the therapeutic procedure of cancer of pancreas.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Migraine and tiapride. A controlled study (author's transl)].

Patients complaining of migraine often consult the hepato-gastro-enterologist because of dyspepsia or "crise de foie". The treatment of the migraine must improve those symptoms which lead to a wrong diagnosis and to inadequate treatments. Several medication are available to treat the migraine. The tiapride, already known as being effective in common or secondary headaches, was given to 40 patients complaining of migraine. The controlled study done versus placebo clearly proves that this medication is effective. It should be used in the treatment of migraine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

T-lymphocyte subpopulations in rheumatoid arthritis. II. Definition by monoclonal antibodies.

Samples of peripheral blood of 27 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 27 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were coded and studied for lymphocyte subpopulations. Monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence were used to analyse subpopulations of purified T cells: OKT3 reacts selectively with all peripheral human T cells, OKT4 defines the helper/inducer subpopulation and OKT8 the suppressor/cytotoxic T cells. RA patients had a significantly lower relative lymphocyte count (p less than 0.001). whereas the percentage of all T cells was similar in patients and controls, RA patients had a significantly higher proportion of helper/inducer cells (62 +/- 1.3 vs. 56 +/- 1.0, p less than 0.005) and significantly decreased suppressors/cytotoxic cells (25 +/- 1.5 vs. 32 +/- 1.0; p less than 0.001). This resulted in an increased "immunoregulatory ratio" of helper to suppressor cells in RA patients (2.68 +/- 0.17) compared to their normal controls (1.83 +/- 0.10; p less than 0.001). The proportions of T cells expressing HLA-D-like antigens (defined by a monoclonal antibody to human Ia) was not different in patients and controls. These findings confirm conclusions derived from our previous study of T cell subsets defined by the expression of Fe-receptors (Tm and Tg), that in the peripheral blood of patients with RA, helper mechanisms predominate over suppressor mechanisms. This derangement of the immunoregulatory balance may have an important role in the pathogenesis of seropositive RA.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathogenesis of cirrhotic hepatic encephalopathy. Treatment implications].

BACKGROUND: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychologic syndrome associated with multifactorial metabolic disruptions. Several physiopathogenic theories have been proposed. OBJECTIVES: To review the most important theories (ammonia, mercaptans, short chain fatty acids, false neurotransmitters, gamma-aminobutyric acid, endogenous benzodiazepines) and to analyze the different therapeutic modalities derived from these theories. METHODS: An intensive bibliographic review was carried out using Med-Line and Current Contents data base. Randomized therapeutic trials published in the last ten years were particularly analyzed. RESULTS: From all theories proposed, the revised ammonia theory better explains pathogenesis of HE based on the information about efficacy of anti-ammonia agents. Authors propose a theory in order to explain the effect of ammonia and serotonin in neurotransmission, particularly excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that ammonia has a predominant role in pathogenesis of HE. Some other agents may be involved but its nature is not actually defined. Glutamatergic neurotransmission un HE has been recently studied.

Hepatic Encephalopathy↗