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Biomedical subjects

H Meister

Publications and source records attributed to H Meister.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Esophageal replacement with lyophilized dura (author's transl)].

In 50 dogs thoracic or cervical esophagus was resected and the defect was replaced by a prosthesis made out of lyophilized dura. The healing process was studied radiologically and by clinical and histological examination. The experiments have proved the feasibility of bridging esophageal defects with lyophilized dura. The dura is replaced within 2 months by a tube of connective tissue. Until epithelialisation is complete there is a tendency to circular contraction. A stenosis could be prevented by dilatation or by means of a homologous-alloplastic esophageal prosthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Tumors of the carotid body--diagnostic and therapeutic aspects (author's transl)].

The tumors of the carotid body are rare in frequency but still they give many problems in preoperative diagnosis and operative management. The pathological classification and estimation of dignity is still under discussion. Based on the experience of 5 patients we try to give a comprehensive listing of important facts and a classification for clinical use. In spite of the typical clinical signs which were described by Kocher and Fontaine the carotid body tumor is the most frequently mistaken tumor in the lateral region of the neck. If a tumor of this type is suspected a carotid arteriogram should be regularely performed. The arteriogram is the most important diagnostic procedure, and gives the final diagnosis in most cases. The therapeutic principle is the early total extirpation. In spite of the small rate of malignancy (under 10%) this challenge is based on the frequent observation of local spreading of the tumor. The excision of tumors of even large size is possible under consideration of special operative technics.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Role of Candida albicans in granulomatous tissue reactions. I. In vitro degradation of C. albicans and immunospecificity of split products.

Several mannan-containing fractions were obtained from whole cells, cell walls, and cytoplasm of Candida albicans by means of treatment with hot formamide or precipitation with (NH4)2SO4. The immunological and chemical characteristics of the fractions were compared with those of C. albicans mannan prepared by standard procedures. Antisera to C. albicans from rabbits immunized with whole cells of the organism were found to be primarily directed against the mannan content. With use of such antisera, mannan was localized in both the inner and outer layers of the cell wall, whereas the middle layer was found in all likelihood to represent the glucan polymer. Stepwise removal of mannan from whole cells or cell walls resulted in increasing loss of periodic acid-Schiff staining, immunofluorescence, and peroxidase reactivity. Thus, it appears that mannan is responsible for the ability of cell walls of C. albicans to be stained by periodic acid-Schiff or labeled with fluorescent antibody. The component of the pathogen most resistant to physical or chemical treatment was the glucan, which lacked all immunological reactivity.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed1977

Role of Candida albicans in granulomatous tissue reactions. II. In vivo degradation of C. albicans in hepatic macrophages of mice.

Hepatic granulomas were induced in mice by injection of blastospores, cell walls, and glucan of Candida albicans. Granulomatous reactions in liver tissue initially multiplied but later decreased. A dose-response relationship was apparent with up to 3 mg of inoculum. Shortly after injection of C. albicans spores, fungal elements appeared in liver macrophages and were detectable in granuloma and Kupffer cells for 20 days. Gram-stain, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and immunofluorescence reactions soon vanished, and the organisms could no longer be seen. Glucan of C. albicans, which lacked PAS and immunofluorescence reactivity, proved active in initiation of granulomas. Degradation of phagocytized spores of C. albicans, reductions of cytoplasm, and cell wall deformation and collapse support the premise that loss of PAS and immunofluorescence reactivity was caused by enzymatic breakdown of candida cell wall mannan in macrophages. We conclude that C. albicans can induce granulomatous reactions in mouse liver when the glucan that forms the cell wall matrix in Candida persists in identifiable residues.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Histo-topography of gastric mucosa changes in benign and malignant stomach diseases].

The incidence and distribution of chronic gastritis, chronicatrophic gastritis and epithelial dysplasia I-III have been investigated in 50 resected stomachs of patients suffering from duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, early or advanced gastric cancer. Only in gastric cancer epithelial dysplasia III has been frequently observed, particularly in the neighbourhood of gastric cancer. Distribution of chronic-atrophic gastritis was similar to the distribution of dysplasia I and II. These mucosal lesions were detectable with the same frequency in patients with or without gastric cancer.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Hairy cell leukemia (author's transl)].

2 cases of hairy cell leukemia are reported. The disease is important for pathologists, because the splenomegaly is the leading clinical sign and often a splenectomy is performed with infomation about the true disease. The morphology of the spleen with infiltration of pulp cords and filling of sinuses by monomorphous blasts, with moderate fibrosis and atrophy of the white pulp is not convincing, because the hairy-like processes of the toumor-cell cytoplasm are not seen by usual histological examination. Hemocytomorphology and -cytochemistry are essential diagnostic procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Experimental candida vaginitis in the mouse (author's transl)].

Manifest Candida albicans infection of the vagina of mice was achieved only after oestrogen treatment. Histologically, different phases of vaginal candidiasis could be observed: the mycotic infection began with a massive colonization of Candida albicans in the horny layers of the vaginal epithelium and an early immigration of granulocytes. Abscess-like changes followed when high number of yeast cells were used for infection. One to two weeks after onset the inflammatory changes decreased and fungi were no longer identifiable in epithelial micro-abscesses by the methods employed. In contrast, yeast cells could be detected within the vaginal skin exhibiting weak inflammatory lesions up to the 57th day. Chemotactic studies showed that the fungi considerably stimulated the migration of mouse granulocytes in the presence of serum. Since mannan isolated from the Candida cell wall also possesses strong chemotactic activity, certain components of the fungal cell wall may play a pathogenic role in Candida colpitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Pathomorphologic findings in severe combined immunodeficiency and reticular dysgenesia.

Pathomorphologic findings in an 11 month old boy with severe combined immunodeficiency (case 1) and in a 4-month old boy with reticular dysgenesia (case 2) are reported. Case 1: The bone marrow exhibited regular granulo-, erythro- and thrombopoiesis. The hypoplastic thymus consisted exclusively of epithelial reticulum cells. The spleen and lymph nodes showed considerable depletion of lymphocytes in both the T- and B-cell areas. There was a complete lack of all lymphatic structures in the gastrointestinal tract and aplasia of the tonsils. Death resulted from Candida sepsis in conjunction with giant cell pneumonia closely resembling Hecht's pneumonia in measles. Case 2: The bone marrow showed a total lack of granulopoiesis. The storngly dysplastic thymus weighed only 1 g. The spleen, the lymph nodes and the gastrointestinal tract exhibited a very strange histologic structure resulting from a complete absence of lymphocytes and plasma cells. The tonsils were aplastic, the para-thyroid glands as well as the other endocrine glands were normally developed. The cause of death was Klebsiella sepsis and Pneumocystis pneumonia, the latter without the characteristic interstitial plasma cell infiltration. The importance of the immune system for activation of the nonspecific mechanisma of defense is discussed with respect to the two types of immunodeficiency states described here.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1976

[Chronic myelosis].

After introducing remarks concerning the character of chronic myelosis and epidemiological data the clinical symptomatology and diagnostic criteria including differential diagnosis are discussed. The possibilities of the cytostatic or radiological therapy in the different stages of disease are explained.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Experimental candida keratitis. Histological, immunological and electron microscopical studies (author's transl)].

Using histological, immunohistological and electron microscopical methods, it could be demonstrated that the course of experimental Candida albicans keratitis in mice invlves three phases: a traumatically caused alternative phase is followed by a granulocytic exsudative phase and finally by a proliferative phase. The experiments were followed over 41 days. Fungal elements could be detected only during the first 4 days after infection. When topically treated with hydrocortisone, the exsudation of leucocytes was diminished and delayed and the cellular proliferation was reduced considerably in the challenged corneal stroma. A lower number of Candida organisms was found in the cornea when treatment with hydrocortisone was combined with the antifungal drug pimaricin. When treated with pimaricin only however, fungal growth and inflammation were least apparent.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

[Rapidly debilitating disease with generalized lymphadenopathy, skin involvement and interstitial pulmonary infiltration (report of three cases)].

Generalized but well-circumscribed lymphadenopathy and rash-like skin changes were observed in three men, aged 58 to 75 years. There was a reticular appearance in the chest X-ray. Dyspnoea, weakness, marked weight loss, changing but marked lymphopenia, markedly increased blood-sedimentation rate, and an always negative Tine test were present in all three. Despite antibiotics, cytostatic drugs and prednisolone the disease quickly ended fatally with high fever, general debilitation and pneumonia. Post-mortem examination revealed diffuse lymphatic hyperplasia with plasma-cell infiltration in the lymph nodes, tonsils and lymphatic tissue of the intestines, and diffuse hyperplasia of the endothelial venules, together with basophilic blast cells, eosimophilic granulocytes and reticulum cells with broad nucleoli. The spleen was normal or enlarged. Spleen, lung tissue and lymphatics, the skin in the area of the small vessels, hair follicles and sweat glands contained lymphocytes, plasma cells and eosinophilic leucocytes. The spleen, if enlarged, also had focal necroses in its periarteriolar septa. In two cases electrophoresis revealed beta-globulin poorly demarkated from gamma-globulin, doubling and increase. In the third case, IgA was markedly increased with one each monoclonal IgG1 und IgA, and corresponding shift in the chi/lambda relationship in serum. Immunohistologically, lymphocytes were made up of about 20 percent IgG-containing and about 25 percent IgA-containing cells. Lymphopenia, if present, was associated with markedly reduced blast transformation of peripheral lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin. The granulocytes were defective (intracellular killing of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus), while the nitrobluetetrazolium test was normal. There was RBC phagocytosis in the macrophages of bone marrow and in Kupffer cells of all three cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

["Hairy cell" leukemia].

By means of individual observations the clinical, cytological and cytochemical marks of the so-called "hairy cell"leukemia are described. Peculiarities in the course of the disease and in prognosis justify this rare variant to be separated from reticular systems diseases. A diagnosis can also be made on the basis of cytomorphological characteristics.

Adult↗