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Biomedical subjects

H Maynard

Publications and source records attributed to H Maynard.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Summary report: evidence for the effectiveness of rehabilitation for persons with traumatic brain injury.

We evaluated the evidence for effectiveness of rehabilitation methods throughout the phases of recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults. MEDLINE, HealthSTAR, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched, and a total of 3,098 abstracts were reviewed. The strongest studies were critically appraised and their data placed in evidence tables. Results showed that to determine the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions for persons with TBI, a commitment must be made to population-based studies, strong controlled research design, standardization of measures, adequate statistical analysis, and specification of health outcomes of importance to persons with TBI and their families.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Effect of cognitive rehabilitation on outcomes for persons with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review.

We evaluated evidence for the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation methods to improve outcomes for persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A search of MEDLINE, HealthSTAR, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library produced 600 potential references. Thirty-two studies met predetermined inclusion criteria and were abstracted; data from 24 were placed into evidence tables. Two randomized controlled trials and one observational study provided evidence that specific forms of cognitive rehabilitation reduce memory failures and anxiety, and improve self-concept and interpersonal relationships for persons with TBI. The durability and clinical relevance of these findings is not established. Future research utilizing control groups and multivariate analysis must incorporate subject variability and must include standard definitions of the intervention and relevant outcome measures that reflect health and function.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1999

Evidence of case management effect on traumatic-brain-injured adults in rehabilitation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the evidence for effectiveness of case management during recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults. After an overview of TBI incidence, prevalence, and problems, and a brief explanation of case management, the study methods are described, the findings are discussed and recommendations are made for future research. Medline, HealthSTAR, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched and 83 articles met the criteria for review. The strongest studies (n = 3) were critically appraised and their design features and data were placed in two evidence tables. Due to methodological limitations, there was neither clear evidence of effectiveness nor of ineffectiveness. For future research, we recommend controlled research designs, standardization of measures, adequate statistical analysis and specification of health outcomes of importance to persons with TBI and their families.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Visualization of proteoglycans and link protein in embryonic chick limb cartilage via cryofixation, freeze-substitution and immunochemical techniques.

Chick embryo limb bud cartilage contains a family of proteoglycans, a few of which have been identified ultrastructurally by antibody labelling. Limb bud cartilage from stage 30-34 chick embryos was high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and embedded in Lowicryl resin. Sections were treated with polyclonal antibodies for core protein and monoclonal antibodies for chondroitin-6-sulphate and link protein. Label for core protein was demonstrated on both structural matrix and free within the compartmental space. Quantitative analysis indicates that core protein is preferentially localized on electron-dense structural matrix, and that this distribution is uniform between stages 30 and 34. The association of protein epitopes on electron-dense lattice is strongly influenced, rather than a chance observation. Significant quantities of core protein are also located in the free compartments of the cartilaginous lattice. Chondroitin-6-sulphate and link protein were localized predominantly within the compartments of the embryonic lattice. Our data provide convincing evidence that the proteoglycans were immobilized within a microcrystalline matrix of the embryonic compartments. A role for core protein as a stabilizer within the lattice and in the free space where it serves to aggregate polymeric proteoglycans is suggested from our results.

Animals↗