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Biomedical subjects

H Maurer

Publications and source records attributed to H Maurer.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[The central retinal artery of the white laboratory mouse].

The white laboratory mouse has an Arteria centralis retinae which differs from the Arteria centralis retinae of the human in the following points being: The origin of this artery hies in the region where the Arteria bulbi comes through the Sclera and therefore does not enter the Nervus opticus until she is in the wall of the Bulbus oculi. In the retina the Arteria centralis retinae divides into 6 radiating branches.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Lactic acid acidosis with mitochondrial myopathy due to a pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency].

We report on a patient, now 17 year old, in whom lactic acidosis was detected at the age of 7 while attempting to diagnose the causes of increasing weakness. The laboratory examinations revealed elevated pyruvate, alanine and oxaloacetate levels in serum and also a lowered citrate level. This led us to suspect a disturbance of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase activation in leucocytes and muscle tissue was indeed found. This article reports on the 10 year history of this case and attempts to establish a connection between the various symptoms observed and the underlying metabolic defect.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1984

Screening procedure for detection of phenothiazine and analogous neuroleptics and their metabolites in urine using a computerized gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric technique.

A method for the identification of phenothiazine and analogous neuroleptics and their metabolites in urine after acid hydrolysis is described. The acetylated extract is analysed by computerized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An on-line computer allows rapid detection using mass fragmentography with the masses m/e 58, 72, 86, 98, 100, 113, 114, 141 and 132, 148, 154, 191, 198, 199, 243, 267. The identity of positive signals in the reconstructed mass fragmentograms is established by comparison of the stored entire mass spectra with those of standards. The mass fragmentograms, the underlying mass spectra and the gas chromatographic retention indices (OV-101) are documented.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1984

Screening procedure for detection of antidepressants and their metabolites in urine using a computerized gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric technique.

A method for the identification of antidepressants and their metabolites in urine after acid hydrolysis is described. The acetylated extract is analysed by computerized gas chromatography--mass spectrometry. An on-line computer allows rapid detection using mass fragmentography with the masses 58, 84, 86, 100, 191, 193, 194, 205. The identity of positive signals in the reconstructed mass fragmentogram is established by a comparison of the entire mass spectra with those of standards. The mass fragmentogram, the underlying mass spectra and the gas chromatographic retention indices (OV-101) are documented.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1984

[Chemotherapy with cisplatin-bleomycin and subsequent radiotherapy in advanced head and neck tumors].

42 patients with advanced stage III and IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with initial cisplatin and bleomycin chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy. 39 were evaluable for results, and 3 for toxicity only. 8 patients suffered from stage III and 31 from stage IV tumors, of these 10 with distant metastases. 5 patients underwent later a rescue operation. 27 were previously untreated (= group A) including 2 cases with localized relapses beyond the margins of surgical and/or radiotherapeutic treatment fields. 12 patients had a recurrence within pretreated areas (= group B). The induction chemotherapy alone showed the following results: In group A 4 (15%) CR, 10 (37%) PR, 7 (26%) MR; in group B 3 (25%) PR, 2 (17%) MR. The subsequent radiotherapy mostly consisted of a 65 Gy tumor dose given in 61/2 weeks. The results after completion of the combined modality therapy were: In group A 44% CR, 28% PR; in group B 10% CR and 30% PR. No patient resistant to the initial chemotherapy responded to the radiotherapy. The median survival time of stage III patients was 20 months but only 7 months in stage IV patients. 4 of all live with NED now between 30+ and 41+ months; 1 patient is alive with relapse. All the others are dead after a survival time of max. 32 months, included the 5 with rescue operation. In general, hematologic and renal toxicities were not severe, but nausea and vomiting were the worst tolerated side effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Pharmacokinetics of a fluoride-calcium preparation for the treatment of osteoporosis].

The pharmacokinetics of fluoride and calcium were studied after administration of a combined fluoride and calcium preparation (Tridin) (1, 2 and 3 tablets) in 9 healthy male volunteers, using a cross-over study design. The total estimation of the pharmacokinetic data was performed by a simultaneous curve fitting to all single values, using a direct search procedure based on an open two-compartment model and three-compartment model, respectively. Maximum plasma concentrations and areas under the curve are proportional to the dose administered. Inter-subject variations are comparatively small, computerized multiple dose simulation for 3 days does not show any cumulation. The data fit the two-compartment model and the three-compartment model as well. The behaviour of the calcium concentrations reflects the immediate response of calcium homeostasis: plasma calcium concentrations are not affected.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of intermediate-dose methotrexate with cranial irradiation for the post-induction treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia in children.

We compared two regimens with respect to their ability to prolong disease-free survival in 506 children and adolescents with acute lymphocytic leukemia. All responders to induction therapy were randomized to treatment with 2400 rad of cranial irradiation plus intrathecal methotrexate or to treatment with intermediate-dose methotrexate plus intrathecal methotrexate, as prophylaxis for involvement of the central nervous system and other "sanctuary" areas. Patients were then treated with a standard maintenance regimen. Complete responders were stratified into either standard-risk or increased-risk groups on the basis of age and white-cell count at presentation. Among patients with standard risk, hematologic relapses occurred in 9 of 117 given methotrexate and 24 of 120 given irradiation (P less than 0.01). The rate of central-nervous-system relapse was higher in the methotrexate group (23 of 117) than in the irradiation group (8 of 120) (P = 0.01). Among patients with increased risk, radiation offered greater protection to the central nervous system than methotrexate (P = 0.03); there was no difference in the rate of hematologic relapse. In both risk strata the frequency of testicular relapse was significantly lower in the methotrexate group (1 patient) than the radiation group (10 patients) (P = 0.01). Methotrexate offered better protection against systemic relapse in standard-risk patients and better protection against testicular relapse overall, but it offered less protection against relapses in the central nervous system than cranial irradiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Screening procedure for detecting butyrophenone and bisfluorophenyl neuroleptics in urine using a computerized gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric technique.

A method for the identification of butyrophenone and bisfluorophenyl neuroleptics and their predominant basic metabolites in urine after acid hydrolysis is described. The acetylated extract is analysed by computerized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An on-line computer allows rapid detection using mass fragmentography with the masses m/e 112, 123, 134, 148, 169, 257, 321 and 189, 191, 223, 233, 235, 245, 287, 297. The identity of positive signals in the reconstructed mass fragmentograms is established by a comparison of the entire mass spectra with those of standards. The mass fragmentograms and the underlying mass spectra are documented.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1983

Psychosocial aspects of pediatric leukemia: from diagnosis through the first six months of treatment.

Newly diagnosed children with leukemia and their families were subjects of a longitudinal study to describe coping behaviors, to determine adequacy of coping, and to discover predictors of healthy coping with leukemia. Families were followed for six months during which time they were interviewed, completed tests and scales, and were rated by physicians, nurses, and psychosocial staff. Families showed a wide variety of reactions and coping behaviors. The data supported the hypothesis that most families cope well despite the stresses of the first six months post-diagnosis. Based on physicians' ratings, psychosocial intervention appeared to be effective for mothers during the early outpatient phase of treatment. Age of child, previous coping, coping of other family members, a good support system, and lack of additional stresses were significantly correlated with healthy coping. The need for longitudinal assessment of coping was stressed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

Guar gum and bile: effects on postprandial gallbladder contraction and on serum bile acids in man.

In a randomized cross-over study, 10 healthy volunteers received a fiber-depleted liquid mixed meal alone and, exactly 7 days apart, a combination with 15 g guar gum. Addition of the dietary fiber inhibited emptying of the gall bladder after 30 min to 7 (5-10) ml instead of 4 (3-6) ml (p less than 0.05) and delayed its refilling. Also the postprandial increase in conjugated serum bile acids was prevented by guar gum. The maximal postprandial blood glucose 30 min after ingestion of the meal was reduced from 120 (117-135) mg/dl to 110 (105-119) mg/dl (p less than or equal to 0.05) by guar gum. Serum insulin levels were unaffected by guar gum.--Our data suggest that the addition of guar gum to meals affects enterohepatic circulation of bile acids as well as digestion of carbohydrates.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of sham-feeding on gallbladder volume and circulation of bile acids.

Sham-feeding is believed to induce only a vagal stimulus. In the present investigation its effect on gallbladder volume and bile acid circulation was studied. In 8 out of 9 persons we observed a decrease in gallbladder volume from 20.1 +/- 2.4 ml to 15.4 +/- 2.2 ml. After 150 min, serum bile acids had increased from initially 2.0 +/- 0.3 mumoles/l to 2.3 +/- 0.4 mumoles/l. In 10 persons given a liquid test meal, there was a decrease in gallbladder volume from 18.3 +/- 2.7 ml to 5.2 +/- 0.7 ml. Bile acids rose from 2.6 +/- 0.3 mumoles/l to 4.1 +/- 0.5 mumoles/l after 90 min. The response after the test meal was thus more enhanced and faster. It is concluded that: 1. Vagal stimulation from the oral mucosa by sham-feeding can induce evacuation of the gallbladder and enterohepatic circulation of bile. 2. Under normal circumstances this mechanism is probably of minor importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Determination of 1,4- and 1,5-benzodiazepines in urine using a computerized gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric technique.

A method for the determination of benzodiazepines and their main metabolites in urine after acid hydrolysis is described. The extract is analyzed by computerized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An on-line computer allows rapid detection using mass fragmentography with the masses m/e 211, 230, 241, 244, 249, 262, 276, and 285. The mass fragmentogram and the underlying mass spectra of the hydrolysis products (benzophenones and analogues) are documented.

Benzodiazepines↗