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Biomedical subjects

H Matsuo

Publications and source records attributed to H Matsuo.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Antihypertensive therapy reduces increased plasma levels of adrenomedullin and brain natriuretic peptide concomitant with regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in a patient with malignant hypertension.

We investigated the potential role of increased plasma adrenomedullin and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in a patient with malignant hypertension. A 51-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of visual disturbance. His blood pressure was 270/160 mmHg on admission. Papillary edema associated with retinal bleeding was observed. Echocardiography revealed marked concentric left ventricular hypertrophy with mild systolic dysfunction. Plasma levels of adrenomedullin and BNP were markedly elevated. Antihypertensive therapy reduced the plasma levels of adrenomedullin in association with a concomitant decrease in blood pressure. The plasma level of BNP also decreased and regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and normalization of left ventricular systolic function were observed. Our findings suggest that adrenomedullin may be involved in the defense mechanism against further elevations in blood pressure in patients with hypertension and that the plasma level of BNP may reflect left ventricular systolic dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, or both, in patients with severe hypertension.

Adrenomedullin↗
PubMed1996

Peribronchovascular interstitium of the pulmonary hilum: normal and abnormal findings on thin-section electron-beam CT.

The peribronchovascular interstitium, including bronchial vessels and lymphatic channels, is an important anatomic component of the lung, especially the pulmonary hilum [1-3] (Fig.1). Various pathologic processes involve and spread along this interstitium [4, 5]. Although it has been difficult to accurately evaluate the morphologic changes occurring in the peribronchovascular interstitium with conventional CT or MR imaging [6], spiral CT and electron-beam CT can show these changes clearly and consistently [7, 8]. A judgement as to whether the peribronchovascular interstitium is normal or abnormal is necessary for the CT diagnosis of pulmonary hilar lesions. In this assay, the normal peribronchovascular interstitium and various pathologic processes involving this interstitium are shown as they appear on thin-section electron-beam CT scans.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

The clinical features and treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans with diabetes.

The objective of this study was to clarify the differences, if any, in the clinical features between diabetic and nondiabetic patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) and to select the optimal treatment for diabetic patients with ASO. The 171 patients with ASO studied were classified into nondiabetic and diabetic groups. Each group was subdivided into an intermittent claudication (IC) group and ulcer and necrosis (ULC) group. The frequency of complications with cardiac and cerebral vascular diseases and risk factors of arteriosclerosis were analyzed. Ankle and brachial blood pressure and ankle/brachial pressure index (API) were measured, and blood rheological parameters of filterability using Nuclepore filter membrane and viscosity of whole blood and plasma were measured. Three indexes of walking distance were measured by our ASO-Treadmill protocol to evaluate quantitatively the effect of treatment. There were 95 diabetic patients with ASO and 76 nondiabetic patients. Of the nondiabetic patients, 81 had IC and 14 had ULC, and of the diabetic patients, 63 had IC and 13 had ULC. The diabetic group showed more frequent complications with coronary heart disease (56.5 vs. 25.6%), but the two groups showed the same frequency of cerebrovascular diseases (30%). The diabetic ULC subgroup showed higher fasting plasma glucose than the diabetic IC subgroup. The API of the ULC subgroup was significantly lower than that of the IC subgroup in the nondiabetic patients, whereas that of the ULC subgroup was not significantly lower than that of the IC subgroup in the diabetic patients. Stenotic lesions of arteriography in both the nondiabetic and diabetic ULC subgroups demonstrated a tendency toward multisegmental and below-knee lesions compared with the two IC subgroups. For blood rheology-related factors, the diabetic ASO subgroup demonstrated a significantly elevated fibrinogen level compared with the normal control value, for patients of average age. After walking exercise treatment, a significant increase in the walking distance was obtained. After treatment with Cilostazol, prostaglandin I2 analog, and LDL apheresis, the rheological indexes were significantly improved, while the API did not change. We conclude that therapeutic improvement of blood rheological properties would be effective for prolongation and improvement of the quality of life for diabetic patients with ASO.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Effect of low dietary calcium intake on blood pressure and pressure natriuresis response in rats: a possible role of the renin-angiotensin system.

Dietary Ca is an important modulator of blood pressure in humans and rats. Since the kidney plays a key role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, the effects of a low Ca diet (0.01% Ca) on blood pressure and pressure natriuresis response were studied in normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats. In addition, a possible role of the renin-angiotensin system in the development of hypertension and an altered pressure natriuresis response resulting from low dietary Ca intake was examined. In the low Ca diet group, systolic blood pressure measured by the tail-cuff method was significantly higher than in the normal Ca diet group (1,1% Ca) 1 week after the diet (1 13.0 +/- 7.1 vs. 105.0 +/- 9.5mmHg, p < 0.05). After 4 weeks, the hypertension was more pronounced. Low dietary Ca intake significantly inhibited the water and sodium excretory responses to acute elevation of renal perfusion pressure by tightening an infrarenal aortic constriction. Treatment with an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme, captopril (30 mg/kg/day), completely abolished the elevation of blood pressure and attenuated the reduced pressure natriuresis response observed in Ca-deficient rats. Although plasma renin activity was not different between the low and normal Ca diet groups after the 2-week dietary regimen, the pressor response to angiotensin II was enhanced by 30% in the low Ca diet group and there was a significant difference in the pressor response between the two groups. These results suggest a possible involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in the development of hypertension and an inhibitory effect on the pressure natriuresis response caused by low dietary Ca intake, via an enhanced sensitivity to angiotensin II.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Adrenomedullin: changes in circulating and cardiac tissue concentration in Dahl salt-sensitive rats on a high-salt diet.

Adrenomedullin (AM), a novel hypotensive peptide, is suggested to be involved in defense mechanisms against hypertension, however, the detail mechanisms have not been clarified. To elucidate whether AM synthesis would be altered in a salt dependent hypertension, we have investigated the AM concentration and AM messenger RNA (mRNA) level in tissues of Dahl salt-sensitive rats on either low- or high-salt intake. The AM concentration in cardiac ventricle of the high-salt group was significantly higher than that of the low-salt group. The plasma AM concentration was also significantly higher in the high-salt group than in the low-salt group. Furthermore, the plasma AM concentration correlated well with the weight of left ventricle. RNA blot analysis revealed that the AM mRNA level in cardiac ventricle of the high-salt group was higher than that of the low-salt group. These results suggest that AM participates in the pathophysiology of salt dependent hypertension and plays a role in cardiac hypertrophy.

Adrenomedullin↗
PubMed1996

[A surgically treated case of ruptured true aortic arch aneurysm in association with Stanford type A chronic dissection].

A 72-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of hemosputum. Enhanced CT showed ruptured true aortic arch aneurysm. True aortic arch aneurysm ruptured at distal portion of aneurysm. The aorta was chronically dissected from an entry proximal to ruptured portion, to ascending aorta. Ascending aorta to aortic arch was replaced with 20 mm gelatin sealed graft under selective cerebral perfusion with hypothermia. Post-operatively tracheostomy was done because of respiratory failure, and there was some leak from distal anastomosis portion which was 42 mm in diameter at the operation. So replacement of descending thoracic aorta was performed using elephant trunk of the previously replaced graft. Post-reoperative course has been uneventful. She weaned from respiratory support. True aortic arch aneurysm combined with Stanford type A dissection is very rare. We presented ruptured true aortic arch aneurysm in association with Stanford type A chronic dissection which had an entry in true aneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Medical treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO)].

The medical treatment of ASO should be approached in three ways. The first should be to minimize the risk factors of "atherosclerosis", the second should be the treatment of leg ischemia, and the third should be the management of other ischemic organs. Among the risk factors involved, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia are frequently evident. Smoking must be given up and the other diseases should be controlled by diet, exercise and drug therapy respectively. In order to relieve symptoms such as cold sensation and intermittent claudication, drug therapy such as antiplatelet therapy and vasodilatory drugs are useful in the treatment of some patients with ASO. Daily physical exercises are also effective in extending the walking distance in patients with intermittent claudication. This exercise is even more effective when it is combined with drug therapy. The prevention of vascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke and the prevention of vascular death are very important in patients with ASO. It can therefore be concluded that antiplatelet therapy is not only effective in relieving symptoms, but also in reducing the incidence of vascular events and death.

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans↗
PubMed1996

[Arrhythmias with normal heart rate].

Arrhythmias with ventricular rate between 60-100/min are discussed. Premature ventricular complex is considered to be a risk factor for sudden cardiac death and sustained ventricular tachycardia under some particular conditions, especially after myocardial infarction. To improve the prognosis of patients with ventricular arrhythmias, many trial were performed. Ventricular arrhythmia hypothesis was based on the thought that the patients' prognosis would be improved by suppression of ventricular arrhythmias with antiarrhythmic agents. However, CAST study showed unexpected results. Recently, some investigators suggest that antiectopic action and antifibrillatory action are different and empiric therapy with amiodarone is reported. Other arrhythmias with normal heart rate are considered to have little risk for survival. Then antiarrhythmic therapy should be based on quality of life.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1996

Analysis of 1,000 consecutive cases of acute poisoning in the suburb of Tokyo leading to hospitalization.

We have analyzed retrospectively 1,000 consecutive admissions due to acute poisonings over 13 years. Total mortality was 27%. Acute poisonings due to pesticides, therapeutic drugs and other substances were 518, 332 and 150 cases with mortalities of 51, 1 and 5%, respectively. The most frequent cause of acute poisoning was paraquat/diquat products, whose mortality reached 76% (220 deaths/291 cases). The second most frequent cause was organophosphate/carbamate products with a mortality of 24% (37/155). When these 2 pesticides are excluded, the mortality was only 3% (15/554). To reduce instances of paraquat/diquat poisoning, dilution of the available product or formulation in other than liquid form would be desirable, because no effective treatment is currently available. In cases of organophosphate/carbamate poisoning, early hospitalization and stabilization is crucial.

Accidents↗
PubMed1996

Distribution and characterization of rat immunoreactive proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP) and the augmented cardiac PAMP in spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP) is a novel hypotensive peptide processed from an adrenomedullin precursor. In this study, high concentrations of immunoreactive PAMP (ir-PAMP) were detected in rat cardiac atrium and adrenal gland by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) for rat PAMP. The mean plasma concentration of rat ir-PAMP was 3.8 +/- 0.3 fmol/ml. Analysis in atrium, adrenal gland and plasma with high performance liquid chromatographies showed that most ir-PAMP emerged as one major peak at the position exactly identical to that of the authentic rat PAMP. We further investigated the tissue and plasma concentrations of rat ir-PAMP in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) to elucidate the role of PAMP in hypertension. The ir-PAMP concentration in heart tissue of SHR was found to be increased compared with that of the control rat. Especially, the atrial concentration of ir-PAMP of SHR (5.66 +/- 0.78 fmol/mg wet tissue) was significantly higher than that of the control (3.29 +/- 0.22 fmol/mg wet tissue). Cardiac PAMP might have a role for the protection from systemic hypertension.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1996

[Ultra-low-dose spiral (helical) CT of the thorax: a filtering technique].

To reduce the radiation dose from spiral (helical) CT, a custom-made aluminium filter was installed in the X-ray tube and a reduction of effective tube current was attempted. A pronounced reduction of effective tube current, namely, 6 and 3 mA, was achieved with 26 and 37 mm thick aluminium filters, respectively. Visualization of normal lung structure was accomplished with both 6 and 3 mA settings. However, images of 3 mA failed to delineate mediastinal structures because of marked beam hardening resulting from the bone structure of the thoracic inlet. Six mA was considered the lowest dose setting of spiral (helical) CT of the thorax that could be used for lung cancer screening.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Repopulation of murine Kupffer cells after intravenous administration of liposome-encapsulated dichloromethylene diphosphonate.

Kupffer cells were selectively eliminated in mice by the intravenous administration of liposome-entrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate. At 5 days, small peroxidase-negative and acid-phosphatase-weakly-positive macrophages appeared, increased in number, and differentiated into peroxidase- and acid-phosphatase-positive Kupffer cells. Repopulating small macrophages actively proliferated, and the number of Kupffer cells returned to the normal level by day 14. The numbers of macrophage precursors in the liver as detected by the monoclonal antibodies ER-MP20 and ER-MP58 increased after liposome-entrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate injection. ER-MP58-positive cells proliferated and differentiated into ER-MP20-positive cells and eventually into BM8-positive Kupffer cells in the liver. Bone-marrow-derived ER-MP58-positive cells were also detectable in the liver and differentiated into ER-MP20-positive cells, but they did not become BM8-positive macrophages. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor mRNA expression was enhanced in the liver 1 day after injection. The administration of macrophage colony-stimulating factor did not shorten the period of Kupffer cell depletion but increased the number and the proliferative capacity of repopulating Kupffer cells. These findings implied that repopulating Kupffer cells are derived from a macrophage precursor pool in the liver rather than from bone-marrow-derived monocytes. Local production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the liver plays a crucial role in the differentiation, maturation, and proliferation of Kupffer cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Cyclic alteration in atheroma plaque morphology observed by intracoronary ultrasound: initiation mechanism of acute myocardial infarction].

Rupture of plaque is an important factor in the initiation of acute myocardial infarction. Plaque rupture is related to stress distribution in atheroma, but morphological alteration in coronary atheroma plaque in vivo is little understood. Atheroma plaque was observed during the cardiac cycle using 3.5 or 2.8 F, 30 MHz intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) in seven patients with coronary artery disease. Coronary ostial pressure (P) measurements were simultaneously performed. Seven of the eccentric stenotic sites were analyzed. Intima-medial thickness (Th) and regional radius of curvature (R) at the middle and lateral portions of the atheroma were measured. Delta Th and % delta Th were calculated from change in thickness from end-diastole to peak systole. These parameters of the middle portion were compared with those of the lateral portion. The lateral % delta Th was 20.1 +/- 13.6% (delta Th 0.13 +/- 0.08 mm; 0.69 to 0.56 mm), and was significantly greater than the middle % delta Th [5.8 +/- 6.6% (delta Th 0.06 +/- 0.08 mm; 1.24 to 1.18 mm), p < 0.05]. Regional radius of curvature did not significantly differ. Wall stress calculated as P x R/Th was greater at the lateral portion (peak systole 3.7 x 10(5) dynes/cm2, end-diastole 1.9 x 10(5) dynes/cm2) than at the middle portion (peak systole 1.4 x 10(5) dynes/cm2, end-diastole 0.9 x 10(5) dynes/cm2). The change in stress from end-diastole to peak systole at the lateral portion was significantly greater (1.8 x 10(5) dynes/cm2) than that at the middle portion (0.5 x 10(5) dynes/cm2). The change in stress during the cardiac cycle, caused by the increase in intracoronary pressure, was greater at the lateral than at the middle of the plaque. This imbalanced distribution of stress may result in greater thinning of plaque at the lateral portion. Therefore, the distortion of plaque may be a mechanism for atheroma rupture at the lateral portion.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Tumor necrosis factor alpha regulates the proliferative activity and differentiated function of granulosa cells: in vitro study with a porcine model].

Ovarian folliculogenesis is a dynamic process during which follicles undergo growth and differentiation. It is now evident that various growth factors interact with FSH to modify follicular growth and function. In the present study, the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) on the proliferative potential and steroidogenic ability of granulosa cells were examined in vitro as a function of follicular growth by using a porcine model. Porcine granulosa cells obtained from small (1-2mm), medium (3-5mm) and large (6-12 mm) follicles were cultured under serum-free conditions in the presence or absence of FSH (100 ng/ml) and IGF-1 (100 ng/ml), with or without various concentrations of TNF alpha. The proliferative activity of cultured granulosa cells was assessed by immunocytochemical techniques with a monoclonal antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and by [3H]-thymidine uptake, while differentiated functions of granulosa cells were assessed by determining the ability to secrete progesterone and 17 beta-estradiol. The addition of FSH and IGF-I augmented the proliferative activity and steroidogenic ability of cultured granulosa cells. The increases in proliferative activity and steroidogenic ability caused by treatment with FSH and IGF-I were significantly reduced by the concomitant treatment with TNF alpha in culture of granulosa cells. The inhibitory effect of TNF alpha on the proliferative activity was prominent in small follicle granulosa cells, whereas the inhibitory effect of TNF alpha on estradiol secretion was very strong in large follicle granulosa cells. The inhibitory effect of TNF alpha on progesterone secretion was apparent regardless of the stage of follicular growth. These results suggest TNF alpha participation in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells. In appears that the biological action of TNF alpha on granulosa cells may shift from the inhibition of proliferative activity in immature follicles to the inhibition of differentiated function in mature follicles during the course of follicular growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical evaluation of urinary leukotriene E4 levels in asymptomatic bronchial asthma].

To evaluate the significance of peptide leukotrienes (LTC4, D4, E4) in asymptomatic asthmatic patients, we measured urinary LTE4 levels which is thought to reflect in vivo production of peptide LTs. Urinary LTE4, was extracted using C18 solid phase column and measured by radioimmunoassay. There was no significant difference in urinary LTE4 levels among asthmatics with different severity or between atopic and non-atopic asthmatics. Urinary LTE4 levels were significantly elevated in asthmatics compared with normal controls (p < 0.05). When compared with normal controls, urinary LTE4 levels were significantly elevated in moderate to severe asthma (p < 0.05), and non-atopic asthmatics (p < 0.001). Urinary LTE4 levels were significantly elevated in aspirin-sensitive asthmatics compared with aspirin-tolerant asthmatics (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in urinary LTE4 levels among aspirin-sensitive asthmatics with different severity. These results suggest that increased production of peptide LTs is a characteristic in aspirin-sensitive asthma, and that the severity and type of asthma and the presence of aspirin-sensitive asthma should be taken into consideration in the analysis of urinary LTE4 levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A case of catamenial pneumothorax with elevated level of serum CA 125].

A 40-year old woman had experienced repeated spontaneous pneumothorax on the right side at the beginning of each menstrual period for one year. The level of serum CA125 was high at 60 ng/ml. Right thoracotomy revealed the presence of multiple darkly-pigmented spots and several pinhole like perforations near the central tendon of the diaphragm. The partial resection of the diaphragm was done, endometrial tissues were detected histologically. Tha patient has been asymptomatic after operation and the level of serum CA125 is normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Pathophysiology and complications of aortic dissection].

The dissection is termed Type A according to the Stanford classification, if the ascending aorta is involved. It is termed type B, if the ascending aorta is not involved. Most patients with Type A aortic dissection die from intrapericardial rupture with cardiac tamponade, free pleural rupture, massive aortic regurgitation, or coronary or cerebral malperfusion (ischemic heart disease or stroke). Most patients with Type B dissection die from free pleural rupture or renal or visceral vascular complications. The resultant compromise of various aortic branches (inomunate, carotid, subclavian, spinal, renal, superior mesentric, or iliac arteries) results in a wide variety of symptoms and signs (shock, dyspnea, stroke, paraplegia, anuria, abdominal pain or extremity ischemia).

Aortic Dissection↗