Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Matsui

Publications and source records attributed to H Matsui.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Significance of tangential views in lumbar discography.

In 64 patients with 69 herniated lumbar discs, craniocaudal or caudocranial tangential views were made in addition to conventional posteroanterior (PA) and lateral views in lumbar discography. Tangential views more clearly demonstrated details of annular tears and herniated discs in comparison with conventional views. The advantages of tangential views are as follows: precise demonstration of position, width, and shape of the hernial opening (main annular tear); precise demonstration of position and shape of the herniated mass; and a topographic display of disc degeneration. Dermal radiation absorbed during tangential views is less than that of computerized tomographic (CT) scans of discography. In addition, tangential views can be readily made at any hospital. The disadvantages of tangential views are that the X-ray tube direction must be chosen for each individual depending on whether there is a cranially or caudally migrated disc herniation; there is a tendency toward decreased sharpness of the exposure, especially when there are advanced degenerative discs; and, absorbed doses of gonadal radiation are higher during caudocranial tangential views than during CT discography in women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Anticancer effect of VP16-213 (etoposide) on three choriocarcinoma cell lines].

A new anticancer drug, VP16-213 was studied in vitro to determine its effect upon 3H-thymidine uptake and the survival rate of choriocarcinoma cells in comparison with the effect of MTX and Act-D. Three human choriocarcinoma cell lines, BeWo, HCCM-5 and SCH were used. The results were as follows; Serum VP16-213 levels were 10.3 +/- 1.19 micrograms/ml and 1.35 +/- 0.38 micrograms/ml at one hour and 12 hours after the administration of 100mg of VP16-213, respectively. In those three cell lines, VP16-213 suppressed cellular 3H-thymidine uptake by 70% as compared with the control. On the sixth day after exposure to VP16-213, the survival rate of choriocarcinoma cells was less than 10% in each of the three cell lines. One of the most prominent pharmacodynamic characteristics of VP16-213 was a rapid influx and efflux mechanism as seen in MTX. From the above, the anticancer effect of VP16-213 upon those three cell lines was supposed to be equal to or more than those of MTX and Act-D.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1987

[New combination chemotherapy against drug-resistant choriocarcinoma].

The remission rates of 373 patients with trophoblastic diseases were analysed according to the change in therapeutic methods. The following results were obtained. 1) In patients in the "low risk" and nonmetastatic "high risk" group, the remission rate was 100%. On the other hand, in those in the metastatic "high risk" group, the remission rate was only 71.4%, even if triple chemotherapy with methotrexate (MTX), actinomycin D (Act-D) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) was given primarily or secondarily. 2) Thirty-two of the patients in the metastatic "high risk" group underwent primary triple chemotherapy. Eleven additional patients in the same group who had never responded to initial chemotherapy of a different regimen had triple chemotherapy. The overall remission rates were 65.6% (21/32) and 45.5% (5/11), respectively. 3) The remission rate in those with recurrence who underwent triple chemotherapy was 44.4% (4/9). But two of these patients had a re-relapse. 4) Six of the patients in the metastatic "high risk" group had MEA protocol with a moderate dose of MTX, Act-D and etoposide. Five of them achieved remission. 5) The side effects of MEA protocol were not so serious, although alopecia and severe anemia were found in 100% and 75.8% of the patients, respectively.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefuzonam in obstetric and gynecologic infections].

Cefuzonam (CZON, L-105), a new semisynthetic cephem antibiotic, was studied in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, pharmacokinetically and clinically. Following is a summary of the results. 1. Concentrations of CZON in serum and genital organs following intravenous drip infusion of 1 g of the drug over 60 minutes were measured. Samples were taken during 40 to 190 minutes after the end of the infusion. Ratios of concentrations of the drug transferred into genital organs to the concentration in the cubital venous serum were 0.5 to 1.5 in many cases. Levels of the drug in the genital organs examined well exceeded MICs for common causative organisms in obstetric and gynecologic infections. 2. Therapeutic effects of 1 g or 2 g of CZON by drip infusion twice daily were evaluated in 8 patients. Overall clinical efficacy was 62.5% (5/8). No side effects or abnormal laboratory findings due to the drug were noted. The results suggest that CZON is a useful antibiotic for obstetric and gynecologic infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Synergistic effect of amphotericin B and actinomycin-D against two human choriocarcinoma cell lines].

The sensitivity to actinomycin-D (Act-D) and the changes in survival rate of two human choriocarcinoma cell lines (BeWo and SCH) were studied in vitro and the following results were obtained. BeWo was shown to be more sensitive to Act-D than SCH, when the survival rate was compared in the two cell lines. 3H X Act-D uptake was 39 pmol/10(6) cells in BeWo and 12 pmol/10(6) cells in SCH after a two hours treatment. Those results suggested that the sensitivity to Act-D of choriocarcinoma cells was positively correlated with the intracellular Act-D concentration. The intracellular Act-D concentration was increased depending upon the concentrations of amphotericin B (AMB). After a two hours treatment with Act-D and AMB, the intracellular Act-D concentrations were twice in BeWo, and 2.3 times in SCH comparing with those treated with Act-D alone. The synergistic effects of Act-D and AMB on the survival rate were 1,000 times in BeWo and 100 times in SCH compared with those treated with Act-D alone. From the above, combination therapy with Act-D and AMB was supposed to be one of the trial methods in the treatment of drug resistant choriocarcinoma.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1987

[Fundamental and clinical study of chemotherapy of refractory choriocarcinoma].

Since the introduction of MAC therapy in 1973, choriocarcinoma has become one of the most curable gynecologic malignancies. But in MAC resistant cases, the therapeutic results have been unsatisfactory. To establish the proper therapy for MAC resistant choriocarcinoma, fundamental experiments with MTX resistant HM cell lines were carried out with the aim of their clinical application. The effective combination in the treatment of choriocarcinoma appeared to be 10 to the minus 5th power mol of MTX and 10 to the minus 8th power mol of Act-D, considering its effect in cell proliferation inhibition, deoxyuridine uptake inhibition and dihydrofolate reductase activity suppression. Taking the effects of Oncovin confirmed by the experiments with nude mice into consideration, a combined moderate dose of MTX, Oncovin and Act-D, namely MOA therapy was used. The protocol of MOA therapy is as follows: The first day, MTX 150mg bolus, 300mg drip infusion for 4 hours, Oncovin 2mg bolus and Act-D 0.5mg bolus. From the second to the fifth day, Act-D bolus. MAC was effective in only one of the eight recurrent cases, but on the other hand, MOA was effective in five cases of choriocarcinoma including two MAC resistant cases. Therefore, MOA seemed to be a more effective therapy than MAC.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of glucocorticoid and cycloheximide on the activity and amount of RNA polymerase I in nuclei of rat liver.

The activity of the template-engaged form of RNA polymerase I from livers of adrenalectomized rats was about 50-60% of that of normal control rats, and increased about 2-fold at 6 h after the administration of dexamethasone. However, no change was found in the activity of the 'free' form of RNA polymerase I or the template-engaged form of RNA polymerase II. Immunochemical studies using guinea-pig anti-(RNA polymerase I) serum disclosed that the total number of RNA polymerase I molecules did not vary during the treatment with dexamethasone. Cycloheximide caused a rapid decrease in the template-engaged form of RNA polymerase I activity in normal rats and in dexamethasone-treated (6 h) adrenalectomized rats, to the value in adrenalectomized rats, but affected it only slightly in adrenalectomized rats. The elongation rate of rRNA-precursor synthesis in liver nuclei was not affected by a change in the concentration of circulating dexamethasone. From these results, it is concluded that about half the rRNA-precursor synthesis in rat liver is regulated by glucocorticoids, probably through the synthesis of short-lived protein(s) which may play a role in conversion of the 'dormant' form of RNA polymerase I into the 'engaged' form.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1986

A repetitive DNA family (Sau3A family) in human chromosomes: extrachromosomal DNA and DNA polymorphism.

In this paper, we report a tandemly repeated DNA sequence found in human chromosomes. The DNA sequence, which is present at approximately 1000 copies per haploid genome, consists of a basic unit 849 base pairs (bp) long with a single specific restriction enzyme (Sau3AI) cutting site. The unit is further composed of five subunits, each approximately 170 bp long. When DNAs from various sources were examined by Southern hybridization using the repetitive DNA as a probe, a considerable degree of restriction fragment length polymorphism was observed. Furthermore, a substantial percentage (approximately 1.0%) of the same DNA sequence was also found extrachromosomally in the cultured human (HeLa) cells as monomers and oligomers of the basic unit in the form of covalently closed circular DNA. These results suggest that the repetitive DNA is unstable and prone to be excised from the chromosomes through homologous recombination.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Digital radiographic imaging system with multiple-slit scanning x-ray beam: preliminary report.

A digital imaging system that employs a novel scanning x-ray tube, a multiple-slit assembly (MSA), and an image intensifier (II)-TV digital system is described. Use of the MSA can increase x-ray utilization by a factor of 100 over that obtained with single-slit systems. Scatter and veiling glare can be reduced substantially by synthesizing the final image from a number of multiple-slit images, resulting in improvement in contrast sensitivity. An experimental prototype system consisted of a conventional x-ray tube and an II-TV digital system used in conjunction with mechanical scanning of the MSA. Attenuation curves measured with an aluminum stepwedge showed that scatter and veiling glare were eliminated by this approach. Reconstructed images of phantoms were superior to images obtained with conventional wide-beam exposure. Physical parameters related to design of the scanning x-ray tube and a digital system for acquiring images of the chest are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of sodium and potassium pump activity and number in diabetic erythrocytes.

The Na+,K+-ATPase (= Na pump), which produces the concentration gradient of Na+ and K+ across the cell membrane, was studied in diabetic erythrocytes. The activity and number of Na pumps, which are functional and quantitative expression of the Na+,K+-ATPase in erythrocytes, were measured by ouabain-sensitive 42K or 43K influx and by [3H]ouabain binding, respectively. The turnover rate of the pumps was calculated from the two measurements to evaluate in situ activity of the pump. The Na pump activity was found to be higher in the diabetic (193 +/- 12 nmol K+/h . 10(9) cells) than in the normal group (164 +/- 6) (P less than 0.05), though the affinities of the pump for extracellular K+ were not different. The number of Na pumps and the Kd of the pumps for ouabain in the diabetic group were not significantly different from those in the normal group (354 +/- 12 site/cell and 4.33 +/- 0.20 nM). The turnover rate of the diabetic group tended to be higher than that of the normal group. The rate was about one third of the molecular activity reported for Na+,K+-ATPase under optimum conditions. These results indicate that the enzymatic properties as well as the number of Na pumps were not altered in diabetic erythrocytes despite the increased Na pump activity. Therefore the increased activity of the erythrocyte Na pump in diabetes mellitus suggests an increase of cation permeability associated with a possible disorder in the diabetic membrane.

Adolescent↗