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Biomedical subjects

H Matsui

Publications and source records attributed to H Matsui.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Radiographic classification of Os odontoideum and its clinical significance.

STUDY DESIGN: This study analyzed the relationship between the configuration of the atlantoaxial joint and the clinical characteristics of patients with os odontoideum. OBJECTIVES: To compare three types of atlantoaxial configurations of os odontoideum from the viewpoint of clinical characteristics. METHODS: Twelve patients were classified into the following three types according to their atlantoaxial configuration on an anteroposterior radiogram: round (n = 6), cone (n = 4), and blunt-tooth (n = 2). Clinical features in each group were compared in terms of mean age, gender distribution, severity and type of myelopathy, and degenerative findings of the atlantoaxial joint. RESULTS: The patients in the round type group were predominantly women and had more severe myelopathy than that of patients in the other groups. According to Crandall's classification of myelopathy, all patients showed the transverse lesion syndrome in the cone and blunt-tooth types. Four of six patients with the round type of atlantoaxial configuration had the Brown-Séquard syndrome. With the round type, it appeared that the lateral mass of the axis tended to dislocate laterally, and this lateral instability associated with anteroposterior instability was believed to induced the Brown-Séquard syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Myelopathy in patients in the round type group was the most severe compared with that of patients in the other three groups. This classification is considered useful for estimating clinical findings in os odontoideum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis. A case report.

STUDY DESIGN: This is a case report and review of the literature. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical findings and the surgical treatment of a 28-year-old man with hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis in the thoracic and lumbar region managed by expansive laminoplasty. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis is extremely rare. No description of findings present after expansive laminoplasty for hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis has been reported. METHODS: The clinical findings, course, and surgical treatment of a 28-year-old man with a hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis are presented. The patient required expansive laminoplasty. The follow-up period after the surgical procedure was 4.2 years. RESULTS: An unusual etiology of spinal cord compression by thickened dura mater was found with a contrast ring- or crescent-shaped enhancement on gadopentetate magnetic resonance imaging. Spasticity disappeared after the patient underwent expansive laminoplasty. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of a patient with hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis treated with expansive laminoplasty. Spinal canal decompression and autogenous bone grafting are accepted treatments in the young patient. Careful observation of the patient to watch for local progression is necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Direct detection of hepatitis B virus gene integrated in the Alexander cell using fluorescence in situ polymerase chain reaction.

Prolonged infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is reported to cause hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via liver cirrhosis. However, it is still unknown whether the HCC is induced by the HBV DNA integration or by inflammatory stimulation during the phase of liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study is to determine the intracellular or intranuclear distribution of HBV DNA with a highly sensitive assay. Here we directly detected the integration of HBV DNA by fluorescence in situ polymerase chain reaction (FISPCR). Since FISPCR products directly incorporate rhodamine-4-dUTP, the nucleus of Alexander cells integrated with HBV gene reacted with the HBV primers emits obvious fluorescence. The fluorescence values which were measured with an imaging analyzer show a significant difference between Alexander cells as compared to the controls. In conclusion, the target sequences of HBV were specifically amplified as fluorescent DNA after the present FISPCR procedure. This method could provide a novel and simple strategy for determining the quantitative role of viral DNA integration in oncogenesis.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1997

Risk indicators of low back pain among workers in Japan. Association of familial and physical factors with low back pain.

STUDY DESIGN: A questionnaire was given to 3,042 Japanese workers at a factory in 1992. It surveyed age, gender, weight, height, job classification, and work environment, as well as the perceived causes, onset age, and characteristics of low back pain. Family history of low back pain among first-degree relatives and perception of physical condition also were assessed. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the risk indicators of low back pain in Japanese workers with various kinds of job classifications in a manufacturing company. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Risk indicators of low back pain in Japanese patients have not been fully investigated in previous studies. METHODS: Prevalence rates and characteristics of low back pain were examined among 3,042 factory workers (2,517 men and 525 woman) with jobs with varying physical demands. In the analysis of risk indicators of low back pain, the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed. In addition, a multiple logistic analysis was performed to evaluate risk indicators of low back pain. RESULTS: Point and lifetime prevalence of low back pain were correlated with the physical demands of the job. The perceived cause found to be most associated with low back pain were lifting in workers with jobs requiring moderate to heavy work and sports activity in sedentary workers. Family history of low back pain in parents, siblings, and children was a risk indicator of low back pain. The average age of the first attack of low back pain in workers with a family history of it in their parents was significantly younger than that in workers with no family history in a multiple logistic analysis in male workers, the physical work demands, age, and family history of low back pain in their parents were risk indicators; however, obesity was not a risk indicator. Physical and mental conditions of workers also were associated with low back pain. CONCLUSIONS: The physical job demands show a clear association with the point and lifetime prevalence of low back pain, and improvements in work conditions may decrease low back symptoms among workers. It is likely that a family history of low back pain and physical and mental conditions of workers also should be considered in the management of low back pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cartilage and subchondral bone interaction in osteoarthrosis of human knee joint: a histological and histomorphometric study.

The present study has focused on the cartilage-bone interrelationships in the progression of osteoarthrosis in human knees. Eleven tibial condyles with osteoarthrosis were analyzed by histology and bonemorphometry. The data were evaluated according to the grade of joint cartilage degeneration in distinct areas of the tibial condyle. The bone morphometric data were also analyzed by the depth of subchondral bone. A parallel relationship between the bone volume/bone formation activity and the Mankin's grade of cartilage degeneration was observed in both medial and lateral condyles. In the lateral condyle, there was correlation among progression of cartilage degeneration and trabecular and osteoid thickness and bone formation activity. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts were most abundant in the external areas of the medial condyles. Bone resorption activity in the medial condyle was found only in the external and intermediate areas, but it was extremely low in all areas of the lateral condyle. The values of bone volume in relation to depth were highest in the superficial layer with a decrease as the depth increased in both condyles. The bone formation activity was high in the superficial layer of the lateral condyle, whereas in the medial condyle, it was high in the layer between 500 and 1,500 microns of depth. The bone volume and bone formation activity were higher in all layers of the medial condyle in comparison with the lateral condyle. The bone resorption activity was low in the superficial layer of the medial condyle as compared with deeper layers. These results suggested that the joint cartilage degeneration is influenced by the remodeling of the underlying subchondral bone.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Postlaminectomy adhesion of the cauda equina. Changes of postoperative vascular permeability of the equina in rats.

STUDY DESIGN: The authors evaluated the vascular permeability changes of the cauda equina after lumbar laminectomy in rats. OBJECTIVES: To clarify the early vascular responses in postlaminectomy adhesive arachnoiditis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Laminectomy-induced cauda equina adhesion has been visualized by postoperative serial magnetic resonance imaging in humans. In laminectomized rats, fibrinous exudation was apparent among the adhered cauda equina. To date, there has been no report of substantial changes in vascular permeability in the cauda equina after lumbar laminectomy. METHODS: Wistar rats laminectomized from L5-L6 were used for four studies; 1) Evans blue albumin tracer study; 2) horseradish peroxidase tracer study; 3) lanthanum tracer study; and 4) fluoroscein isothiocyanate-dextran (molecular weights: 20K, 70K, and 150K) tracer study. Untreated rats were used as controls. RESULTS: 1) In the laminectomized (L5-L6) area, the cauda equina tended to conglomerate from 3 hours after surgery; this was relatively resolved by 6 weeks. Extravascular leakage of Evans blue albumin in the cauda equina appeared at 3 hours after surgery and reached a plateau at 24 hours; it mostly disappeared by 6 weeks. At 24 hours after surgery, the extent of Evans blue albumin extravasation was seen in one or more levels adjacent to the laminectomized area. Evans blue albumin leakage and cauda equina adhesion started to appear in nearly a same phase after laminectomy, followed by a plateau of vascular permeability facilitating complete cauda equina adhesion by 24 hours after surgery. The restoration of Evans blue albumin leakage was noted 1 week after surgery, and tended to precede recovery of the cauda equina adhesion; 2) in the laminectomy group, Horseradish peroxidase penetrated from the lumen to the extracellular space beyond the basal laminae of the endothelial cells. Numerous horseradish peroxidase-labeled vesicles in the endothelial cells were found; 3) There was a significant increase in lanthanum distribution in the endothelial cytoplasm at the laminectomized levels. Lanthanum filled the interendothelial clefts beyond the tight junction, but did not penetrate through the perivascular basal laminae; 4) Fluoroscein isothiocyanate-dextran (20K, 70K, 150K) permeability increased in the laminectomy group, but there was no difference in extravasation of fluoroscein isothiocyanate-dextran, irrespective of the molecular weight. CONCLUSION: Laminectomy consistently induced an increase in vascular permeability in the cauda equina, an increase of vesicular transport in the endothelial cell, and opening of the tight junction early after laminectomy, suggesting breakdown of the blood nerve barrier in the cauda equina. The accelerated permeability may enhance cauda equina adhesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Changes in serum creatine phosphokinase MM isoenzyme after lumbar spine surgery.

STUDY DESIGN: Serum concentrations of creatine phosphokinase and its isoenzyme were measured serially in 47 patients who underwent lumbar surgery. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the significance of postoperative creatine phosphokinase MM levels as indicators of muscle trauma after lumbar surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The authors of the present study previously have reported on iatrogenic back muscle injury in an animal model and in man. However, the relationship between the change of the creatine phosphokinase MM isoenzyme level and muscle injury after surgery has not been clarified. METHODS: Peripheral venous blood samples were collected serially before surgery, just after surgery, and at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery. The serum concentration of total creatine phosphokinase and its isoenzymes was measured by agarose gel electrophoresis. The serial postoperative change of the creatine phosphokinase MM isoenzyme concentration was evaluated with respect to age, gender, body weight, types and levels of surgery, and surgery time. RESULTS: Creatine phosphokinase MM activity increased after surgery and reached a maximum value 1 day after surgery, followed by recovery to the normal value 1 week after surgery. The maximum concentration of creatine phosphokinase MM isoenzyme in posterior lumbar surgery was significantly higher than that in anterior surgery (P = 0.04). It was significantly higher in men than in women (P = 0.02). Serum concentration of creatine phosphokinase MM isoenzyme showed no significant correlation to the extent of muscle exposure and surgery time. CONCLUSION: The time course of postoperative serum creatine phosphokinase MM isoenzyme activity is correlated with the histologic changes of the back muscles after surgery. The concentration of creatine phosphokinase MM isoenzyme in posterior lumbar surgery was significantly higher than that in anterior surgery. It was also significantly higher in men than in women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Involvement of calmodulin-dependent protein kinases-I and -IV in long-term potentiation.

Multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) are thought to be involved in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). In the present study, LTP was induced by theta burst stimulation in the Schaffer collateral area of the stratum radiatum in the hippocampal CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. LTP-induced and control hippocampal slices were studied by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses using CaMK-I, -II and -IV antibodies. Increased amounts of all three CaMKs were found in LTP-induced hippocampal slices as indicated by Western blot as well as by the density of their immunoreactivity. Our data clearly shows that not only CaMK-II but also CaMK-I and -IV contribute to synaptic plasticity formed in LTP.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Loss of binding and entry of liposome-DNA complexes decreases transfection efficiency in differentiated airway epithelial cells.

The target cells for gene therapy of cystic fibrosis lung disease are the well differentiated cells that line airway lumens. Employing cultures of airway epithelial cells that grow like "islands" and exhibit a continuum of cellular differentiation, we studied the mechanisms that render well differentiated cells more difficult to transfect with cationic liposomes than poorly differentiated cells. The poorly differentiated cells at the edge of the islands were transfectable with liposome-DNA complexes (pCMVbeta:LipofectACE = 1:5 (w/w)), whereas the more differentiated cells in the center of the islands were not. Evaluation of the steps leading to lipid-mediated transfection revealed that edge cells bound more liposome-DNA complexes, in part due to a more negative surface charge (as measured by cationized ferritin binding), and that edge cells internalized more liposome-DNA complexes than central cells. Edge cells exhibited receptor-mediated endocytosis of LDL, pinocytosis of 10-nm microspheres, and phagocytosis of 2-microm microspheres, whereas central cells were only capable of receptor-mediated endocytosis. Cytochalasin B, which inhibited pinocytosis by 65% and phagocytosis by 93%, decreased edge cell liposome-DNA complex entry by 50%. Potassium depletion, which decreased phagocytosis by >90% but had no effect on pinocytosis, inhibited edge cell liposome-DNA complex entry by 71%. These results indicate that liposome-DNA complexes enter edge cells via phagocytosis and that this pathway is not detectable in central cells. In conclusion, both reduced negative surface charge and absence of phagocytosis internalization pathways in relatively differentiated cells may explain differentiation-dependent decrements in cationic liposome-mediated gene transfer in airway epithelia.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Endometrial carcinoma in 45,X Turner's syndrome without hormone replacement therapy.

An endometrial carcinoma developing in a patient with pure Turner's syndrome was described. The patient showed typical Turner's phenotype and analysis of karyotype revealed only 45,X. Secondary sexual development had been seen until age 20 and she had no history of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The enlarged uterus and normal appearance of bilateral ovaries were detected at laparotomy. A well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the endometrium and a graafian follicle of the left ovary were histologically confirmed. This seems to be the first report of the occurrence of endometrial carcinoma in possibly pure Turner's syndrome without HRT.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Novel missense mutation in cardiac troponin T gene found in Japanese patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary cardiomyopathy with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. The disease bearing genes for HCM in HCM families have been identified as beta-myosin heavy chain, alpha-tropomyosin, cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and myosin binding protein-C genes. In the present study, we searched for the mutations in the cTnT gene in Japanese HCM patients. Single-strand conformation polymorphism gel analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified product was used to search for the mutations in the exons 8, 9 and 15 of the cTnT gene from 60 familial HCM patients. Clinical studies of the family members were performed and the incidence of sudden or disease-related deaths within the family was also examined. We have identified a novel missense mutation in exon 9 (Ala104Val) of the cTnT gene in a patient with familial HCM. Because the missense mutation was found at the residue conserved through chicken to humans and was not detected in the more than 50 normal controls, it was suggested that this missense mutation is the cause of HCM in this family. Although the affected family members presented moderate hypertrophy of the left ventricular wall, they were symptomatic and there was a high incidence of sudden death in her family members. Among Japanese patients with familial HCM, a novel missense mutation (Ala104Val) in the cTnT gene was identified. Familial HCM is genetically heterogeneous in Japanese HCM patients as observed in Caucasian kindreds. The disease in the kindred was severe and there was a high incidence of sudden or disease-related deaths in the kindred with this mutation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Expansive lumbar laminoplasty for degenerative spinal stenosis in patients below 70 years of age.

We reviewed the clinical and radiological results of patients with lumbar degenerative spinal stenosis who underwent expansive laminoplasty with a mean follow-up term of 5.6 years. Twenty-seven patients underwent open-door-type expansive lumbar laminoplasty, which has both decompression and stabilization effects. Clinical results were assessed based on the score system devised by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA score). The number and causes of repeat surgery were also evaluated. Radiological changes, such as degenerative scoliosis and spondylolisthesis, were evaluated at the operated levels and at levels L1-L5. There was marked recovery of clinical symptoms assessed by pre- and postoperative JOA score. Nearly 80% of patients obtained good or excellent results. Only one patient (4%) required additional surgery, which involved discectomy at the caudal level of the laminoplasty. Radiographic evaluation revealed that postoperative changes of spondylolisthesis and scoliosis were slight both in the expanded area and the L1-L5 levels. Range of motion of the disc space angle in the expanded area showed a significant decrease postoperatively. However, pre- and postoperative radiological changes showed no significant correlation with JOA score changes and repeat surgery. In conclusion, lumbar fusion after posterior decompression in active patients with spinal stenosis offers satisfactory clinical results concomitantly with a relatively small risk of repeat surgery.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

Expansive laminoplasty for lumbar intradural lipoma.

We evaluated the pre- and postoperative neurological state of 3 patients with lumbar intradural lipoma. Total resection of the lipoma in the cauda equina was impossible, and partial resection and expansive laminoplasty was carried out. Subsequent neural involvement may depend on the duration of symptoms rather than the extent of resection. Expansive laminoplasty is appropriate in these circumstances since decompression is combined with spinal stabilization.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Significance of patient-controlled analgesia combined with continuous epidural block for patients with limb trauma.

Patients who were treated for fractures of the limbs were assigned to 1 of 2 groups for the management of postoperative pain. In Group 1 (postoperative patient-controlled analgesia group), 46 patients were given postoperative continuous epidural anaesthesia in combination with narcotic analgesics and this was regulated by the patient using a device. The 46 patients in Group 2 (control group) received suppositories or intramuscular injections of narcotic analgesics on their request. Patients in Group 1 needed suppositories and intramuscular injection of narcotic analgesics less often than those in Group 2, and had more satisfactory pain relief according to the visual analogue scale for pain assessment made on the first, second and third postoperative day. The time spent by nurses for pain management in Group 1 was less than that in Group 2. It appears that this patient-controlled method, combined with postoperative continuous epidural anaesthesia, is a safe, effective and efficient method for the management of postoperative pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Reticalmin: a novel calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV-like protein in rat retina.

Western blot analysis of 100,000 g supernatant of rat retina using a polyclonal anti-Ca2+/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaM-kinase IV) antibody revealed an immunoreactive mass of 35 kDa, termed reticalmin. Lower amount of a isoform of CaM-kinase IV was also expressed in rat retina. Reticalmin did not react with anti-CaM-kinase IV C-terminal peptide antibody which recognized alpha and beta isoforms of CaM-kinase IV and calspermin. Immunohistochemically reticalmin was shown to be localized mainly in the outer segment of photo-receptor cells, and in dendrites of inner plexiform layers and may be in nuclei of ganglion cells and some inner nuclear layer cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Significance of AgNOR counts for distinguishing carcinoma from adenoma and hyperplasia in parathyroid gland.

Nucleolar organizer region proteins, which can be stained and visualized by an argyrophil technique (AgNORs), are markers of cell activities, such as DNA transcription and proliferation, and they are useful for differential diagnosis between benign and malignant tumors. We counted both AgNOR numbers in 25 parathyroid lesions (three carcinomas, 11 adenomas, 10 hyperplasias, and one hyperplasia with carcinoma) to determine if the AgNOR number could be useful as a diagnostic aid in parathyroid neoplasms and hyperplasias, because it is often difficult to histopathologically distinguish among these lesions. The AgNOR numbers were significantly higher in carcinomas (3.18 +/- 0.05) than in adenomas (1.67 +/- 0.30, P < .001) or hyperplasias (1.85 +/- 0.16, P < .001), but there was no significant difference between adenomas and hyperplasias. These results suggest that AgNORs may be useful as an adjunct to discriminating carcinomas from adenomas or hyperplasias in the parathyroid gland.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1997

Changes in the expression of novel Cdk5 activator messenger RNA (p39nck5ai mRNA) during rat brain development.

We previously reported that a neuron-specific Cdk5 activator, p35nck5ai, was most prominent in the newborn rat brain. In the adult brain, the expression decreased in most regions except hippocampus and primary olfactory cortex. A novel neuron-specific Cdk5 activator, p39nck5ai, has been recently cloned. To clarify whether two activators were differentially distributed throughout brain development, in this study, we examined the spatial and temporal expression of p39nck5ai in the development rat brain. Northern blot analysis showed that p39nck5ai expression was low in 15-day old fetuses and newborn, and was most prominent in the 1-3 week-old rat brains. In the adult rat brain, expression declined to the same level as in newborn rat brain. In situ hybridization showed that p39nck5ai mRNA was weakly expressed in all neurons of all regions in the newborn rat brain and the transcriptional level was highest in all regions in the 3 week-old rat brain. In the adult, expression was decreased in most neurons except Purkinje and granule cells in the cerebellum which retained high levels. These results suggest that p35nck5a and p39nck5ai may have different functional roles in distinct brain regions during different states of the rat brain development.

Aging↗