Biomedical subjects

H Matsuda

Publications and source records attributed to H Matsuda.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Controlled nicorandil administration for myocardial protection during coronary artery bypass grafting under cardiopulmonary bypass.

Nicorandil is a hybrid potassium channel opener, and recent experimental studies have demonstrated its efficacy in myocardial protection against ischemia-reperfusion. This clinical study was designed to examine the myocardial protective effect of nicorandil administered during cardiopulmonary bypass. Seventy adult patients, 53 men and 17 women, undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly assigned to two groups, one receiving nicorandil during cardiopulmonary bypass (group N, n = 35) and the other receiving no nicorandil for control (group C, n = 35). Nicorandil was administered at each dose of 0.1 mg/kg into the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit according to the following schedule: (1) bolus injection at the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass, (2) continuous infusion for 5 min before aortic cross-clamping, (3) bolus administration at 5 min before reperfusion, and (4) continuous infusion for 5 min before reperfusion. The time required for achieving cardiac arrest after the initial cardioplegia was significantly reduced in group N in comparison with that in group C. After aortic unclamping, the number of patients showing a significant ST segment change on the electrocardiogram was significantly fewer in group N, whereas the number of patients showing spontaneous recovery of heart beat was significantly greater. As for the myocardial protective effect, group N showed lower plasma levels of malondialdehyde, human-heart fatty acid-binding protein, and peak creatine kinase-MB, and required lower doses of catecholamine. Our results suggest that nicorandil administration during cardiopulmonary bypass provides enhanced myocardial protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Measurements of both hippocampal blood flow and hippocampal gray matter volume in the same individuals with Alzheimer's disease.

We evaluated both hippocampal blood flow and hippocampal gray matter volume using single photon emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the same individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in age-matched controls. The hippocampal blood flow was not significantly lower in mild AD patients (n = 21, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 23.3+/-2.1) than in controls (n = 16) with a 57% overlap. The hippocampal blood flow was significantly lower in advanced AD patients (n = 22, MMSE 15.4+/-3.2) than in controls. The hippocampal gray matter volume was significantly smaller in mild AD patients than in controls, although a 43% overlap was present. There was no significant difference in the hippocampal gray matter volume between the mild and advanced AD patients. The combination of measurements of hippocampal blood flow and gray matter volume discriminated 71% of mild AD patients from controls. These results suggest the usefulness of a combined analysis of hippocampal blood flow and gray matter volume for the early diagnosis of AD.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Ecological risk-benefit analysis of a wetland development based on risk assessment using "expected loss of biodiversity".

Ecological risk from the development of a wetland is assessed quantitatively by means of a new risk measure, expected loss of biodiversity (ELB). ELB is defined as the weighted sum of the increments in the probabilities of extinction of the species living in the wetland due to its loss. The weighting for a particular species is calculated according to the length of the branch on the phylogenetic tree that will be lost if the species becomes extinct. The length of the branch on the phylogenetic tree is regarded as reflecting the extent of contribution of the species to the taxonomic diversity of the world of living things. The increments in the probabilities of extinction are calculated by a simulation used for making the Red List for vascular plants in Japan. The resulting ELB for the loss of Nakaikemi wetland is 9,200 years. This result is combined with the economic costs for conservation of the wetland to produce a value for the indicator of the "cost per unit of biodiversity saved." Depending on the scenario, the value is 13,000 yen per year-ELB or 110,000 to 420,000 yen per year-ELB (1 US dollar = 110 yen in 1999).

Ecology↗

PubMed2001

Increased ictal perfusion of the thalamus in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia.

The ictal and interictal cerebral blood flow (CBF) were evaluated in a patient with right unilateral short lasting paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia, by means of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The patient was a 6 year old boy with no family history. During an attack, increased CBF was seen in the left thalamus. Subtraction of interictal CBF from ictal CBF disclosed a prominent increase in CBF in the left posterolateral part of the thalamus. This finding suggests that abnormal hyperactivity of thalamic neurons could be responsible for the pathophysiology of paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia in this patient.

Blood Flow Velocity↗

PubMed2001

Atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions induced by topical application of mite antigens in NC/Nga mice.

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammation usually observed in patients with an individual or a familial history of atopic diseases, precipitated by environmental factors including mite antigens (Ag). However, the exact etiology of AD is unclear. To further explore the pathogenesis and treatment of AD, a suitable animal model is necessary. In this study, we developed a new animal model of AD induced by mite Ag in NC/Nga mice. METHODS: We injected the extracts of mite Ag intradermally at the ventral side of the ear of SPF NC/Nga mice on days 0, 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14 and 16, and measured the clinical symptoms and the ear thickness. On day 18, we collected blood and submandibular lymph nodes (LN) of the immunized ear to perform a histochemical analysis, and to measure the plasma immunoglobulins and cytokines. RESULTS: The NC/Nga mice immunized with mite Ag suffered from AD-like skin lesions including erythema followed by edema, excoriation and scaling. The histological and immunohistochemical examinations of the affected skin showed epidermal hyperplasia with hyperkeratosis, severe infiltration of CD4+ T lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages, and degranulation of mast cells. The total plasma IgE level was markedly elevated in mite Ag-treated mice. LN cells of mice immunized with mite Ag synthesized IgE in an Ag-dependent manner and secreted interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 but not interferon-gamma. CONCLUSIONS: NC/Nga mice treated with mite Ag manifest clinical and immunological aspects similar to patients with AD, suggesting that this model is suitable for exploring the pathogenesis of human AD.

Allergens↗

PubMed2001

Deep vein thrombosis caused by congenial interruption of the inferior vena cava--a case report.

Congenital interruption of the inferior vena cava is an uncommon vascular anomaly. In this setting, the appearance of deep vein thrombosis is very rare because associated azygous or portal continuation develops as a collateral system for venous return. The authors present a case of infrahepatic interruption of the inferior vena cava in a 21-year-old man who presented with symptoms of deep vein thrombosis. Clinical features and prognosis of this entity are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Anti-androgenic activity of Myricae Cortex--isolation of active constituents from bark of Myrica rubra.

The aqueous ethanol extract of Myricae Cortex (bark of Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc., Myricaceae) showed in vitro testosterone 5alpha-reductase inhibitory activity and in vivo anti-androgenic activity using growth of flank organ in castrated Syrian hamsters and/or hair regrowth after shaving in testosterone-treated C57Black/6CrSlc mice. Three constituents, myricanone, myricanol, and myricetin were identified as the main active principles.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed2001

Study on anti-Oketsu activity of rhubarb II. Anti-allergic effects of stilbene components from Rhei undulati Rhizoma (dried rhizome of Rheum undulatum cultivated in Korea).

Methanol extract (RM-ext) obtained from the dried rhizome of Rheum undulatum was screened for activity in experimental models of type I allergy. RM-ext exhibited the inhibition on 48-h homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats and an antigen-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. Among nine stilbenes isolated from RM-ext, seven inhibited the histamine release. Rhapontigenin (compound 1), piceatannol (2) and piceatannol 3'-beta-D-glycoside (6) with oral administration showed the inhibition on PCA. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited the inhibitory effect on sheep red blood cell-induced delayed-type hyper sensitivity (SRBC-DTH) of type IV allergic model. These results indicated that the rhizome of Rheum undulatum inhibits the allergic reactions and that these inhibitory effects may be partially attributable to the stilbenes mentioned above.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Testosterone 5alpha-reductase inhibitory active constituents from Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.

The diethyl ether extract of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge) showed testosterone 5alpha-reductase inhibitory activity. Two major constituents, cis-hinokiresinol (1) and 2,6,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (2) were identified as the active principles. The inhibitory activity of 1 was superior to that of ethinylestradiol, but that of 2 was weak.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed2001

Medicinal foodstuffs. XXV. Hepatoprotective principle and structures of ionone glucoside, phenethyl glycoside, and flavonol oligoglycosides from young seedpods of garden peas, Pisum sativum L.

A new ionone glucoside, pisumionoside, a phenethyl glycoside, sayaendoside, and two acylated flavonol oligoglycosides, pisumflavonosides I and II, were isolated from the young seedpods of garden peas, Pisum sativum L., together with quercetin and kaempferol 3-O-(6-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosides and quercetin and kaempferol 3-sophorotriosides. The structures of pisumionoside, sayaendoside, and pisumflavonosides I and II were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence, respectively. Quercetin 3-sophorotrioside, a principle component, was found to show protective effects on liver injury induced by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide and by carbon tetrachloride in mice.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Medicinal foodstuffs. XXVII. Saponin constituents of gotu kola (2): structures of new ursane- and oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, centellasaponins B, C, and D, from Centella asiatica cultivated in Sri Lanka.

Ursane- and oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, centellasaponins B, C, and D, were isolated from the aerial parts of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban cultivated in Sri Lanka together with madecassoside, asiaticoside, asiaticoside B, and sceffoleoside A. The chemical structures of centellasaponins B, C, and D were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence to be madecassic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, madasiatic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and 3beta,6beta,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗

PubMed2001

Bioactive saponins and glycosides. XIX. Notoginseng (3): immunological adjuvant activity of notoginsenosides and related saponins: structures of notoginsenosides-L, -M, and -N from the roots of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen.

New dammarane-type triterpene saponins, notoginsenosides-L, -M, and -N, were isolated from the glycosidic fraction of the dried roots of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Immunological adjuvant activities of the principal notoginsenosides and related dammarane-type triterpene saponins were examined and notoginsenosides-D, -G, -H, and -K were found to increase the serum IgG level in mice sensitized with ovalbumin.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed2001

Synthesis of a nitrogen analogue of salacinol and its alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

A nitrogen analogue 4 of the naturally occurring sulfonium ion salacinol (1), a potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor isolated from the Ayruvedic medicine Salacia reticulata, was synthesized and its inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase tested. Substitution of the sulfur atom in 1 with a nitrogen reduced the activity considerably. The solid-state stereostructure of the related compound (5) was determined on the basis of single crystal X-ray measurement.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Medicinal foodstuffs. XXVIII. Inhibitors of nitric oxide production and new sesquiterpenes, zedoarofuran, 4-epicurcumenol, neocurcumenol, gajutsulactones A and B, and zedoarolides A and B, from Zedoariae Rhizoma.

A new eudesmane-type sesquiterpene, zedoarofuran, and six new guaiane- or seco-guaiane-type sesquiterpenes, 4-epicurcumenol, neocurcumenol, gajutsulactones A and B, and zedoarolides A and B, were isolated from aqueous acetone extract of Zedoariae Rhizoma together with 36 known sesquiterpenes and two diarylheptanoids. Their stereostructures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. The effects of isolated components on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages were examined and 16 sesquiterpenes including gajutsulactones A and B, and bis(4-hydroxycinnamoyl)methane were found to show inhibitory activity.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Medicinal foodstuffs. XXI. Structures of new cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides, goyaglycosides-a, -b, -c, -d, -e, -f, -g, and -h, and new oleanane-type triterpene saponins, goyasaponins I, II, and III, from the fresh fruit of Japanese Momordica charantia L.

Eight cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides called goyaglycosides-a, -b, -c, -d, -e, -f, -g, and -h and three oleanane-type triterpene saponins termed goyasaponins I, II, and III were isolated from the fresh fruit of Japanese Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) together with five known cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides momordicosides A, C, F1, I, and K. The structures of goyaglycosides and goyasaponins were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.

Glycosides↗

PubMed2001

Bioactive constituents of chinese natural medicines. VI. Moutan cortex. (2): structures and radical scavenging effects of suffruticosides A, B, C, D, and E and galloyl-oxypaeoniflorin.

Five paeonol glycosides, suffruticosides A, B, C, D, and E, and a monoterpene glucoside, galloyl-oxypaeoniflorin, were isolated from the glycosidic fraction of Chinese Moutan Cortex, the root cortex of Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews, together with paeonolide, apiopaeonoside, galloyl-paeoniflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, and paeoniflorin. The structures of five suffruticosides and galloyl-oxypaeoniflorin were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Suffruticosides A, B, C, and D, galloyl-oxypaeoniflorin, and galloyl-paeoniflorin exhibited more potent radical scavenging effects than alpha-tocopherol.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗

PubMed2001

Effects of constituents from the bark of Magnolia obovata on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages.

The methanolic extract from a Japanese herbal medicine, the bark of Magnolia obovata, was found to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. By bioassay-guided separation, three neolignans (magnolol, honokiol, obovatol) and three sesquiterpenes (alpha-eudesmol, beta-eudesmol, gamma-eudesmol) were obtained as active constituents. A trineolignan (magnolianin), a phenylpropanoid glycoside (syringin), lignan glycosides (liriodendrin, (+)-syringaresinol 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) and a sesquiterpene (caryophyllene oxide) did not show any activity. On the other hand, sesquiterpene-neolignans (eudesmagnolol, clovanemagnolol, caryolanemagnolol, eudeshonokiol A, eudesobovatol A) showed the strong cytotoxic effects. Active constituents (magnolol, honokiol, obovatol) showed weak inhibition for inducible NO synthase (iNOS) enzyme activity, but potent inhibition of iNOS induction and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Medicinal foodstuffs. XXII. Structures of oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, pisumsaponins I and II, and kaurane-type diterpene oligoglycosides, pisumosides A and B, from green peas, the immature seeds of Pisum sativum L.

Two new oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, pisumsaponins I and II, and two new kaurane-type diterpene oligoglycosides, pisumosides A and B, were isolated from the immature seeds (green peas) of Pisum sativum L. together with soyasaponin I, bersimoside I, dehydrosoyasaponin I, and their 6'-methyl esters. The structures of pisumsaponins and pisumosides were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence as 22-O-malonylsoyasapogenol B 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (22-O-malonylsoyasaponin I), sandosapogenol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid, 17-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-6beta,7beta,13gamma,17-tetrahydroxy-19-kauranoic acid 19-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and 6beta,7beta,13beta,17-tetrahydroxy-19-kauranoic acid 19-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗