Biomedical subjects

H Masuda

Publications and source records attributed to H Masuda.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Early effects of colectomy and endorectal pullthrough operation on biliary lipid composition.

In order to determine the effects of total colectomy and endorectal pullthrough with ileal reservoir (ERP) on biliary lipid composition in the early postoperative period, gallbladder bile of dogs was examined after biliary cannulation alone (control); biliary cannulation and colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (IRA); and biliary cannulation, colectomy with mucosal proctectomy, and ERP. Bile collected from 3 to 6 weeks postoperation was analyzed for total bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids, bilirubin, and calcium concentrations. Cholesterol saturation was calculated. Serum collected over the same period was analyzed for electrolytes and liver function tests. There was no evidence of sludge or gallstones post-operatively in any animal. Significant decreases in total bile acids, phospholipids, and calcium concentrations were noted in the bile of the IRA group when compared to the bile of the controls (P less than 0.05) and in total bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids, and calcium in ERP vs controls (P less than 0.05). Moreover, all three biliary lipids and calcium were significantly decreased in ERP animals compared to those in the IRA group (P less than 0.05). No change in cholesterol saturation was noted between any of the three groups. Other than an increase in alkaline phosphatase concentrations compared to preoperative levels (P less than 0.05) which was noted in all groups, no significant changes were noted in serum parameters. We conclude that during the early postoperative period, ERP causes a significant decrease in gallbladder bile concentrations of total bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids, and calcium which cannot be explained by colectomy alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anal Canal↗

PubMed1990

Glycopeptide in sputum from allergic asthma patients.

The glycopeptide and glycosaminoglycan content of sputa from allergic asthma, bronchiectasis, and common cold patients was assayed. The glycopeptide content was higher in sputum from allergic asthma patients than that in bronchiectasis and common cold patients, while no significant difference in the glycosaminoglycan content was detected among these materials. Fractionation of the glycopeptide by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography yielded four glycopeptide fractions at concentrations of 0.05 to 0.3 M NaCl from the allergic asthma samples, whereas it yielded three fractions at concentrations of 0.05 to 0.2 M NaCl from the bronchiectasis and common cold samples. They were characterized by increases in sialic acid and sulfate as the molarity of NaCl increased. Hexose was the main component and hexosamine was the next in each fraction from all materials. The increase in sputum glycopeptide in the allergic asthma samples was due to a large increase in sialic acid- and sulfate-rich glycopeptide.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Glycopeptides in pus of acute pleurisy patients.

Glycopeptides were isolated from tryptic digests of pus from acute pleurisy patients. The hexose, hexosamine, and sialic acid contents rose over the first 2-4 days after admission to the hospital, continued at high levels for 5-8 hospital days, and fell to low levels after 9 hospital days. The course of duration after admission to the hospital was divided into three stages: 1-4 days after admission to the hospital, 5-8 hospital days, and 9-21 hospital days. Materials corresponding to these three stages were then collected for fractionation by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. Fractionation of glycopeptides by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography yielded three glycopeptide fractions at 0.05 to 0.2 M NaCl. Column chromatography of crude material on DEAE-cellulose showed an increase in the 0.2 M NaCl fraction from the concentrate over a period of 4-8 hospital days due to a large increase in sialic acid-rich glycopeptide fraction.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

In vitro reactivation of spindle elongation in fission yeast nuc2 mutant cells.

To investigate the mechanisms of spindle elongation and chromosome separation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we have developed an in vitro assay using a temperature-sensitive mutant strain, nuc2. At the restrictive temperature, nuc2 cells are arrested at a metaphase-like stage with short spindles and condensed chromosomes. After permeabilization of spheroplasts of the arrested cells, spindle elongation was reactivated by addition of ATP and neurotubulin both at the restrictive and the permissive temperatures, but chromosome separation was not. This suggests that the nuc2 cells are impaired in function at a stage before sister chromatid disjunction. Spindle elongation required both ATP and exogenous tubulin and was inhibited by adenylyl imidodiphosphate (AMPPNP) or vanadate. The ends of yeast half-spindle microtubules pulse-labeled with biotinylated tubulin moved past each other during spindle elongation and a gap formed between the original half-spindles. These results suggest that the primary mechanochemical event responsible for spindle elongation is the sliding apart of antiparallel microtubules of the two half-spindles.

Adenylyl Imidodiphosphate↗

PubMed1990

Massive ovarian edema associated with polycystic ovary.

A 14-year-old girl with massive ovarian edema (MOE) of the right ovary and a polycystic ovary is presented. The right ovary was moderately enlarged and incompletely twisted. Histologically, it showed diffuse interstitial edema and multiple cysts, frequently surrounded by a line of luteinized cells. Such cysts are suspected to consist of highly degenerative ovarian follicles, in addition to an edematous corpus albicans and cystic change in the edematous stroma. Focal edematous change and occasional indefinite cystic structures, as seen in the left polycystic ovary of our patient, indicate an early stage of MOE. The pathogenesis of MOE in the present case was therefore suspected to be based on the underlying state of bilateral polycystic ovary. The luteinized cells would have been derived from granulosa cells and from the internal theca cells of the follicles in addition to stromal cells.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Transvaginal sonographic assessment of the endometrium in spontaneous and induced cycles.

Transvaginal sonography was used and endometrial response patterns of 3 groups of patients (Spontaneous cycles, hMG cycles, and Clomiphene Citrate cycles) were observed based on endometrial characteristics of thickness and texture. All groups demonstrated cyclical changes evident by transvaginal sonography. Clomiphene Citrate cycles showed retardation of endometrial growth during the proliferative phase and delayed endometrial development based on textural patterns. There exists a positive correlation between estrogen levels and endometrial thickness in induced cycles, which is not observed in spontaneous cycles. There were no correlations between hormonal levels of progesterone, FSH and LH, in relation to endometrial characteristics of thickness and texture.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Isolated human growth hormone deficiency due to the hGH-I gene deletion with (type IA) and without (the Israeli-type) hGH antibody formation during hGH therapy.

Three Japanese patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency from two different families were shown to be homozygous for deletion of the structural gene for human growth hormone (hGH-I gene). These three patients had the same restriction fragment length polymorphism haplotypes. In patient No. 1, the growth rate initially responded well to pituitary human growth hormone, but growth rapidly ceased concomitantly with the development of high levels of anti-hGH antibodies. He again responded well to recombinant methionyl hGH and recombinant hGH without the methionine residue, even though having high hGH antibodies. Two siblings (Patients No. 2 and 3) showed a rather good response to pituitary hGH treatment without hGH antibodies ever being detected (the Israeli-type). hGH-I gene deletions may not necessarily result in hGH antibody formation. Heterogeneity has been observed in isolated hGH deficiency due to hGH-I gene deletion. hGH-I gene analysis should not be limited to patients with hGH antibody formation and subnormal growth responses to hGH therapy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Infiltration and tissue concentration of intravesically instilled (2"R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin or adriamycin in rat bladder tumor induced by BBN].

Rats with bladder tumor induced by BBN were treated by intravesical instillation of 0.8 mg of (2"R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) (9 rats) or adriamycin (ADM) (8 rats) dissolved in 0.2 ml of distilled water. Thirty minutes later, the bladder was removed surgically. Rats without the tumor received the same treatment of THP (8 rats) or ADM (9 rats). THP and ADM infiltrations to the normal bladder tissue and the tumor were estimated by the use of the photonic microscope system, since both drugs were known to emit characteristic fluorescence. It was found that infiltration of THP to the tumor tissue was more prominent in amounts and deeper than that of ADM, while smaller amounts of THP infiltrated into the normal mucosa compared to ADM. The fact might explain the clinical finding that THP instilled intravesically in half a concentration of ADM showed the same effect on the tumor as ADM. Subsequently, tissue concentrations of THP and ADM were estimated by high performance liquid chromatography. Either THP or ADM was instilled intravesically for 30 minutes to 6 rats with bladder tumor. Similarly, either THP or ADM was instilled in 5 rats without the tumors. Contrary to the result of the photonic microscope system, the tissue concentration of THP was not different from that of ADM not only in the tumor tissues but also in the normal bladder ones. Furthermore, the tissue concentration of both drugs in the normal bladder was higher than that in the bladder tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Intravesical↗

PubMed1990

Detection of fatty tissue in the myocardium by using computerized tomography in a patient with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia.

A case with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia involving the left ventricle as well as the right ventricle was presented. Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy and computerized tomography were useful in detecting fatty tissue in the myocardium. This case deserves to be reported in reference to detecting fatty tissue in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia by using computerized tomography.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1990

[Clinical study for prediction of postoperative visual acuity in cataract patients].

In order to predict more quantitatively postoperative visual acuity in cataract patients, we employed the potential acuity meter (PAM). The PAM projects a Snellen visual acuity chart into the eye by a minute aerial aperture approximately 0.1 mm in diameter. The value of determining potential visual acuity is evident because of the frequent co-existence of macular abnormalities in cataract patients. The 20 cataract patients had an average of 64.8 years (range, 48 to 84 years), and 8 were men and 12 were women. In 23 of the 25 eyes examined, postoperative visual acuity was within two lines or better than the predicted visual acuity with the PAM. Provided the operator is skillful, and if one recognizes its limitations and indications, the PAM is a useful means of predicting postoperative visual acuity in patients with mild or moderate cataracts.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[Complication of central retinal vein occlusion in iron deficiency anemia].

A case of central retinal vein occlusion as a complication of severe iron deficiency anemia is reported. A 45-year-old woman noticed severe visual impairment in her left eye. Fundus findings showed typical impending occlusion of the central retinal vein, and laboratory investigation revealed severe iron deficiency anemia. She was followed by treatment with oral iron. Her visual acuity and fundus findings improved rapidly in response to iron supplement therapy, suggesting a relationship between central retinal vein occlusion and iron deficiency anemia. It seems very important therefore to investigate serum iron levels in female patients with central retinal vein occlusion.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗

PubMed1990

Development of binucleated myocytes in normal and hypertrophied human hearts.

To clarify the development of binucleated cardiac myocytes (BCMs) in human hearts, lengths for BCMs and mononucleated cardiac myocytes (MCMs) were histologically measured and compared in 49 hearts weighing 13-730 g. The mean cell length was significantly longer in BCMs. The growth rate of cell length relative to the heart weight in BCMs and MCMs was almost identical and less than 0.333. The scattering of different lengths of BCMs and MCMs was much greater in adults, suggesting that each myocyte develops at a different rate. Short MCMs of 37.5 microns in hypertrophied hearts suggested that some BCMs might divide into two. In adult hearts, binucleation might arise, because BCMs with internuclear distance under 2.5 microns were found. The mean half of the sum of nuclear lengths of BCMs was shorter than the mean nuclear length of MCMs. They were largely constant in hearts weighing under 500 g but increased in larger hearts.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[A case of quadruple cancer composed of the breast, kidney, liver and uterus carcinomas].

A case of quadruple cancer is reported. A 74-year-old female was admitted because of surgery for left breast cancer. Abdominal echography showed a mosaic patterned mass of the liver and a solid tumor with central necrosis at the left kidney. Echographic diagnosis was hepatoma and Grawitz's tumor. All the tumors were justified as being operable. Progressive cystorrhagia which was due to radiation cystitis after radiotherapy for uterine carcinoma could not be controlled. Autopsy diagnosis was a quadruple carcinoma composed of solid tubular carcinoma of left breast, left renal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the uterus.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

Gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma: pathological and immunohistochemical analysis.

Nineteen gastric carcinomas with lymphoid stroma were selected from 554 surgical cases and examined pathologically and immunohistochemically using formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded materials. Most showed ulcerative lesion and 15 cases located in fundic and cardiac gland regions. They were subdivided histologically into three groups, early (group I), localized (group II) and infiltrative tumors (group III), the number of cases being 2, 10 and 7, respectively. Lymph node metastases occurred in 3 cases in group II and 6 in group III, the latter showing a significantly higher incidence. The number of carcinoembryonic antigen and CA19-9 immunoreactive tumor cells was apparently smaller in gastric carcinomas with lymphoid stroma than in ordinary gastric carcinomas. Frequent presence of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin immunoreactivity characterized the tumor cells of gastric carcinoma with lymphoid cells. Stroma cells consisted of lymphocytes, plasma cells, granulocytes and histiocytes. Of these, the greatest number examined immunohistochemically was B cells and IgG cells, followed in descending order by T cells, IgA cells and IgM cells in the order given. A variable number of lysozyme immunoreactive histiocytes were also detected in all the cases. Gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma might be subclassified as a separate entity, although short term follow-up study did not demonstrate a favorable prognosis for this type of gastric cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Deleterious effects of testicular venous occlusion in young rats.

To determine the differences between testicular arterial and venous obstruction, the spermatic artery or vein, or both, were occluded for varying periods of time in young rats. Two months later, at the conclusion of the study, the testes were examined. Histologic degeneration after vascular obstruction was graded by a modified Johnsen's tubular biopsy score (TBS). The testicular concentrations of enzymes (lactic dehydrogenase and sorbitol dehydrogenase), known to decrease with testicular injury, were measured. TBS and seminiferous tubule diameter (STD) were found to decrease significantly after two hours of vascular occlusion and were similar regardless of whether the obstruction was produced by occlusion of arterial inflow or venous drainage, or both. Testicular concentration of enzymes decreased significantly after permanent ligation of the spermatic artery and vein, but decreased minimally when the vascular obstruction lasted less than 120 minutes. Testicular injury produced by venous occlusion was equally severe and occurred as rapidly as injury produced by arterial or combined arteriovenous occlusion. No significant injury was noted in the contralateral testes in any group.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Brachial plexus injury and fracture of the first rib as complications of median sternotomy].

In 192 patients following median sternotomy during from 1978 to 1988, we studied the incidence, cause, prognosis and correlation of brachial plexus injury and fracture of the first rib as complications of median sternotomy. Four brachial plexus injuries were identified, an incidence of 2.1%, seven first-rib fractures were identified, an incidence of 3.6% and one patient had both complications in this series. Symptoms of this patient were more severe and difficult to improve than those of patients without first-rib fracture. Stretching of the nerve by the displaced first rib, ischemia of the nerve by pressure on it, and direct injury by the fractured rib end are causes of the brachial plexus injury following median sternotomy. It is due to the difference of position of the fracture, the difference of direction and degree of the protrusion of the fractured rib end, whether presence or absence of the brachial plexus injury in patients with first-rib fracture.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Management with antithrombin III concentrate in a pregnant woman with hereditary antithrombin III deficiency].

Pregnant women with hereditary antithrombin III (AT-III) deficiency are frequently associated with thromboembolic disorders. We have treated a pregnant woman with hereditary AT-III deficiency, who had suffered from thromboembolic disorders at her past three gestations, with AT-III concentrate. Dosage of AT-III concentrate to maintain plasma AT-III activity over 80% was 3,500 units per week during second and third trimesters, but more frequent administration was necessary around delivery. In recent reports, pregnant women with hereditary AT-III deficiency had been treated with heparin or warfarin except for during abortion and delivery, in which time AT-III concentrate was widely utilized. But the use of heparin or warfarin during gestation is occasionally harmful, AT-III concentrate should be chosen for management in pregnancy in women with hereditary AT-III deficiency.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Mechanism of antitumor effect of a benzoylphenylurea derivative, HO-221].

HO-221, N-[4-(5-Bromo-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-chlorophenyl]-N'-(2-nitrobenzoyl ) urea is a novel benzoylphenylurea derivative. We previously reported HO-221 showed significant antitumor activities against various experimental tumor models, and was especially effective against the solid tumor. In this report we studied the mechanism of action of the compound. The inhibitory activity of HO-221 and 6 kinds of antitumor agents on DNA polymerase alpha was examined in vitro. HO-221 inhibited DNA polymerase alpha activity strongly. From the comparison with IC50 values of individual agents, the inhibitory activity of HO-221 was almost equivalent to aphidicolin and ara-CTP. By double reciprocal plot analysis, the inhibition of HO-221 was found to be non-competitive with the dCTP unlike that of aphidicolin and ara-CTP. Furthermore, HO-221 showed almost no effect on RNA polymerase activity and the protein synthesis. The effect of HO-221 on cell cycle progression of HL-60 cells was examined by flow cytometry analysis. The compound accumulated cells at S phase at a low concentration. The compound showed accumulation of cells in G1, G1-S and G2 + M phases. At higher concentrations, HO-221 increased the G1 phase of tumor cells, stopping the cell cycle progression. Therefore, G1 and S phase accumulation by HO-221 was considered to be correlated with the inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha dependent DNA synthesis. These results suggest that HO-221 is a novel antitumor agent with different mechanism of action from the known antitumor agents.

Animals↗