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Biomedical subjects

H Mashiba

Publications and source records attributed to H Mashiba.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Augmentation of antiproliferative and antitumor effect on human cancer cells in combined use of electroporation with a plant toxin, saporin.

Effect of electroporation (EP) in combination with a plant toxin, saporin, was studied using a human lung cancer cell line (PC9) and a pancreatic cancer cell line (ASPC-1). Target cells were electroporated in the presence of saporin and washed, and incubated for 72 hr. Proliferation inhibition in combination of EP and saporin was observed in parallel with the voltages and the saporin concentrations used. Proliferation of PC9 cells was completely inhibited at 1000 ng/ml of saporin in combination with EP (80-90 V, 10 ms, n = 8). High degree of proliferation inhibition was also obtained when ASPC-1 cells were electroporated in the presence of saporin (0.1-1000 ng/ml). PC9 or ASPC-1 tumor-bearing nude mice were treated with electroporation following the intratumoral injection of saporin (1 mg). Tumor necrosis was observed 24-48 hr after the combination therapy with saporin and EP. Six of nine mice with established PC 9 tumors and all the mice with established ASPC-1 tumors regressed completely 14 days and 6 days after the combination therapy, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Changes in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis in the antrum and corpus during long-term acid-suppressive treatment in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that acid-suppressive therapy aggravates corpus gastritis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection, promoting the development of atrophic gastritis. AIM: To study the effects of long-term use of antisecretory agents on the H. pylori-positive gastric mucosa in Japan, a country with a high incidence of gastric cancer. METHODS: A total of 141 H. pylori-positive patients who had peptic ulcers or reflux oesophagitis were treated for 3 years with either omeprazole (20 mg/day) alone (n=7) or with omeprazole for primary therapy (8 weeks), followed by famotidine (40 mg/day) for maintenance therapy (n=134). Endoscopy was performed before, during, and after treatment. Biopsy specimens were taken from the greater curvature of the antrum and corpus and were examined histologically. RESULTS: The long-term use of famotidine after 8 weeks of treatment with omeprazole distinctly decreased H. pylori density and neutrophil infiltration in the antrum, but did not change H. pylori density in the corpus. The gastritis score increased in patients who had no, or only mild corpus gastritis before treatment (n=74), and significantly decreased in those who had moderate or severe gastritis before treatment (n=60). In four of the seven patients who received long-term treatment with omeprazole alone, neutrophil infiltration and H. pylori density decreased not only in the antrum but also in the corpus. There was no increase in intestinal metaplasia or mucosal atrophy as assessed endoscopically during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Changes in corpus gastritis in response to acid-suppressive therapy depend on the severity of gastritis before treatment. Long-term use of acid-suppressive therapy apparently does not accelerate the development of atrophy or intestinal metaplasia in Japanese patients.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed2000

A new rapid test for detecting anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody excreted into urine.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection has been one of the most common infectious diseases in the world, whereas a gold standard for identifying its infection has not yet been established. The specific test will depend on the particular clinical, epidemiological, and scientific requirements. We recently developed a new type of rapid test to detect H. pylori antibody excreted into urine; the test requires only 20 minutes. The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of this rapid test. METHODS: The performance of the rapid test was compared with those of a histological search through Giemsa staining and of an assay for detecting antibodies in serum by a commercially available ELISA kit. The patients, totaling 117 (male, 62, female, 55; average age, 51.6 years), included those with peptic ulcer endoscopically diagnosed and excluded cases that were subjected to eradication therapy in the past. RESULTS: With respect to the determinations of H. pylori identified by the microscopical test and the serum antibody assay, our kit had a sensitivity of 92. 0% and a specificity of 93.1%, and the agreement of determination of H. pylori infection was as high as 91.5% and 92.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The rapid test for antibodies to H. pylori in urine could detect H. pylori infection easily, rapidly, and noninvasively and would be useful in general practice for screening patients with dyspeptic symptoms.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed2000

Factors influencing response to treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

We analyzed 150 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from 1990 to 1996 (i) to evaluate the frequency of drug resistance, (ii) to elucidate factors influencing the response to chemotherapy, and (iii) to attempt to improve the therapeutic approach. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains were not found. By univariate analysis, there were 8 factors associated with an increased sputum conversion time: male gender, prior treatment, complications, progressive chest radiographic findings, a high Ziehl-Neelsen stain score, lymphocytopenia, a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and hypoproteinemia. Complications, prior treatment, a high Ziehl-Neelsen stain score, and a high ESR were independent predictive factors in a Cox proportional hazard model. Recursive partitioning and amalgamation (RPA) defined 3 subgroups that responded to treatment. In order to reduce the time to sputum conversion, poor responders according to the RPA should be treated with a 4-drug regimen containing pyrazinamide.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia following cigarette smoking.

Two cases of acute eosinophilic pneumonia following cigarette smoking are analyzed for characteristic features. The first patient noted dyspnea 14 days after initiation of smoking. The second patient noted dyspnea 12 days after beginning to smoke. Both cases had characteristic features including occurrence at an age younger than 30 years; less than 1 month duration of cigarette smoking before onset of disease; and no identifiable cause of acute eosinophilic pneumonia apart from smoking. We believe that acute eosinophilic pneumonia following cigarette smoking, which has characteristic features as described above, should be considered as a distinct subtype of AEP.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Churg-Strauss syndrome associated with pregnancy.

Churg-Strauss syndrome, an uncommon condition, occurs even more rarely in association with pregnancy. One month postpartum, a 25-year-old Japanese woman was hospitalized for dyspnea, fever, diarrhea, and complaints of dysesthesia in the right lower limb and right lumbar and abdominal region. Marked eosinophilia was present. Symptoms of bronchial asthma had developed early in the pregnancy, which concluded with delivery of a healthy baby at 39 weeks of gestation. Churg-Strauss syndrome was diagnosed and prednisolone was administered with a good response leading to remission. Three years after the first pregnancy, low-dose steroid therapy was continued through another pregnancy. The patient delivered another healthy baby at 39 weeks of gestation, this time with no exacerbation of symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Evaluation of antitumor activity of etoposide administered orally for 21 consecutive days against human uterine cancer subcutaneous and/or orthotopic xenografts in nude mice].

The antitumor activity of etoposide (ETP) against human uterine cancer cell lines were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxic activity of ETP against HeLa S3, a human cervical cancer cell line, depended on exposure time. The survival rate with 24 h prolonged exposure was reduced to about 1/200 that with 6 h exposure. The time dependency of antitumor activity of ETP against HeLa S3 subcutaneously transplanted in nude mice was studied. The effect of 21 or 28 consecutive days oral administration was greater than that of 5 or 14 consecutive days. Furthermore, a longer administration schedule was less toxic. The antitumor activity of ETP administered orally for 21 consecutive days was compared with that of CDDP, CPT-11 and 5'-DFUR using both human uterine cancer cell lines (TCO-1, SIHA, UCC08JCK) transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice and human uterine cancer cell lines (HeLa S3, UCC08JCK) transplanted into the uterus of nude mice. ETP showed the same antitumor activity as CPT-11 and 5'-DFUR against TCO-1 and UCC08JCK, human uterine cancer cell lines transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice. ETP also showed anticancer activity against two cell lines transplanted into the uterus. The growth inhibition caused by ETP administered orally at 50 mg/kg against HeLa S3 transplanted subcutaneously was 36.7% while that against the same cell line transplanted into the uterus was 58.5%. 5'-DFUR also showed the same antitumor activity as ETP. These results suggest that long term oral administration of ETP is clinically useful for cervical cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

A new candidate mutation (N528S) within the von Willebrand factor propeptide identified in a Japanese patient with phenotype IIC of von Willebrand disease.

Phenotype IIC of von Willebrand disease (vWD) is a subtype of type 2A vWD characterized by recessive inheritance and an impaired multimerization of von Willebrand factor (vWF) molecules beyond dimers. The 5 patients with phenotype IIC whose vWF gene defect has been characterized so far are either homozygous or double heterozygotes for mutations localized in exons 11, 12, 14 or 15. We report here the identification of a new candidate mutation in a previously described Japanese patient affected with phenotype IIC vWD. The propositus is homozygous for the A1833G nucleotide substitution, in exon 14 of vWF gene, responsible for the N528S mutation within the vWF propeptide. This finding is in agreement with the consanguineous origin of the propositus, whose parents are first cousins. Six patients' relatives who are asymptomatic were studied and found heterozygous for the N528S mutation. The screening of the whole vWF gene, either by SSCP or sequencing, did not reveal any other deleterious sequence alteration in the patient. Furthermore, the N528S nonconservative substitution identified is located in the vWF propeptide region, where the other phenotype IIC mutations described so far are clustered. The N528S candidate mutation characterized is, therefore, most probably responsible for the multimerization defect of vWF observed in this patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The usefulness of CYFRA 21-1 in diagnosing and monitoring malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Five patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) were studied to determine whether CYFRA 21-1 is useful for diagnosis of this disease. In pleural effusions, the median concentration of CYFRA 21-1 from 4 patients with MPM was significantly higher than for 34 patients with benign diseases. The sensitivity of serum CYFRA 21-1 for diagnosis of MPM was 40% and its concentration changed in proportion to disease activity in all cases. Immunohistochemically, anticytokeratin 19 antibody revealed strong staining in both epithelial and sarcomatous MPM tissues. Based on these results, we conclude that measurement of CYFRA 21-1 in pleural effusions and serum may be useful for diagnosing and monitoring MPM.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Two familial mesothelioma cases with high concentrations of soluble cytokeratin 19 fragment in pleural fluid.

We report two cases of diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma occurring almost simultaneously in one family. Patient 1 was a 42-year-old Japanese man who had worked as an electrical engineer for 25 years. Patient 2, his mother, was 69 years old. She lived for 10 years with patient 1 after he started his work, and also worked at a shipyard herself for 6 years. The concentrations of cytokeratin subunit 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) in pleural fluid of the two patients were 1,500 ng/ml, and 1,200 ng/ml, respectively. Measurement of CYFRA 21-1 concentration in the pleural fluid may be a useful tool for a diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Benign asbestos pleural effusion associated with pulmonary aspergilloma.

A rare case of benign asbestos pleural effusion associated with aspergilloma is reported. A chest radiograph of a 75-year-old Japanese man who was admitted with right chest pain showed a right pleural effusion and nodular shadows in the right apex and left middle lung field. Thoracocentesis revealed an exudate with atypical mesothelial cells. An open lung biopsy showed aspergilloma in the right S2 area and no evidence of malignancy. Many reactive mesothelial cells were found in the pleura. A quantitative asbestos digestion study of the lung tissue biopsy showed high-grade asbestos exposure.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Spontaneous regression of malignant lymphoma of the stomach.

We report a case of complete and spontaneous regression of malignant lymphoma of the stomach. A submucosal tumor with central ulceration was detected on the greater curvature of the stomach in a 63-year-old woman. The tumor was diagnosed histopathologically as a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (REAL classification). The tumor disappeared 18 days later without chemotherapy. Examination at that stage showed Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which was later treated with antibiotics. There was no evidence of recurrence of the malignant lymphoma at the last follow-up conducted at the time of preparation of this report, 13 months after the initial diagnosis. Spontaneous regression of an intermediate and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is uncommon. We discuss the possible role of H. pylori in the regression of gastric malignant lymphomas.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1997

Malignant transformation by overproduction of translation initiation factor eIF4G.

N4G3, a cell line that overexpresses translation initiation factor eIF4G, one of the components of eIF4F, was made by stable transfection of the human eIF4G cDNA into NIH3T3 cells. The cells expressed 80-100 times greater levels of eIF4G mRNA than did NIH3T3 cells. N4G3 cells formed transformed foci on a monolayer of cells, showed anchorage-independent growth, and formed tumors in nude mice. These results indicate that overexpression of eIF4G caused malignant transformation of NIH3T3 cells. It is also known that overexpression of eIF4E, another component of eIF4F, causes transformation of NIH3T3 cells. However, there was no difference in the amount of eIF4E protein between N4G3 and NIH3T3 cells, indicating that cell transformation does not involve a change in eIF4E levels. The results may be due to an effect of eIF4G on translational control of protein synthesis directed by mRNAs having long 5'-untranslated region.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1997

Characteristics of 161 patients with cardiac tumors diagnosed during 1993 and 1994 in Japan.

We investigated clinical and pathologic characteristics of 161 patients with primary or secondary cardiac tumors diagnosed between 1993 and 1994 in Japan. The increased use of cardiovascular imaging, especially echocardiography, contributed to the early identification of small cardiac tumors, resulting in a reduction of the serious complications such as embolization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Gastric corpus IL-8 concentration and neutrophil infiltration in duodenal ulcer patients.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the gastric body due to Helicobacter pylori infection and histological gastritis, as well as elucidating the effect of acid secretion inhibitors on H. pylori associated body gastritis in duodenal ulcer patients. METHODS: Twenty H. pylori-negative patients, 20 H. pylori-positive patients with chronic gastritis without peptic ulceration, and 20 H. pylori-positive duodenal ulcer patients (DU) were studied. Four biopsy samples were taken, each from the greater curvature of the antrum and body of the stomach. Biopsies were histologically investigated by ELISA to determine the density of H. pylori, the degree of neutrophil infiltration and the IL-8 concentration in the mucosa. RESULTS: In the gastric mucosa of H. pylori-negative subjects, no IL-8 and hardly any neutrophil infiltration were observed. In contrast, enhanced IL-8 production and increased neutrophil infiltration were present in those infected with H. pylori. In H. pylori-positive patients, a significant correlation was observed between the IL-8 concentration and the degree of neutrophil infiltration, but no correlation was found in the body mucosa of those with DU. Twelve of 20 DU patients demonstrated hardly any neutrophil infiltration, despite the increased mucosal IL-8 content in the body. The administration of omeprazole in DU patients markedly increased mucosal neutrophil infiltration even though it did not cause any significant change in the H. pylori density and IL-8 concentration in the body. Although the effect of omeprazole was transient, a significant increase in neutrophil infiltration continued in comparison with the status before omeprazole administration in those subsequently undergoing maintenance treatment with H2-blockers. CONCLUSION: In H. pylori-positive chronic gastritis, IL-8 concentration is enhanced in the mucosa of the body, and is associated with increased neutrophil infiltration. However, in DU patients, despite increases in body IL-8 concentration, neutrophil infiltration is reduced and the gastritis may be localized in the antrum.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Serum interleukin-5 levels in a case with allergic granulomatous angiitis.

A 50-year-old woman with allergic granulomatous angiitis (AGA) presented with an elevated serum interleukin-5 (IL-5) level upon admission to a hospital. Administration of prednisolone showed marked improvement of asthmatic symptoms, reduced eosinophil counts of peripheral blood, and normalized serum IL-5 levels. This is the first report describing an elevated serum level of IL-5 in AGA. The present findings suggest that IL-5 is involved in the pathogenesis of AGA.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1997

[Prognostic survey of elderly patients with hypertension in the Chugoku and Shikoku districts--mortality and morbidity of cardiovascular complications. Study Group for Elderly Hypertensives in Chugoku and Shikoku Districts].

In order to examine the current status of antihypertensive drug therapy for elderly hypertensive patients, and the effect of clinical characteristics and drugs on their prognosis, 1669 hypertensive patients in the Chugoku and Shikoku districts, aged between 65 and 84 years, were enrolled and followed for 3 years. Of the 1669 patients enrolled, 1459 were selected for evaluation and 1127 patients were followed. Group A comprised 955 patients who had not suffered from any accident, group B comprised 139 patients who had suffered from a cerebral, cardiac, renal or other non-fatal accident, and group C comprised 33 patients who died. The mortality rate was 10.7/1000 patient.years and the morbidity rate was 55.6/1000 patient.years. The number of patients who received monotherapy was 736 (calcium channel blockers: #436, beta blockers: #100, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: #80, diuretics: #64, alpha blockers: #16; others: #13). In group C, there were more male, and the patients were older and showed a higher level of serum creatinine concentration at enrollment compared with other groups. The use of diuretics and beta blockers tended to be low in this group. Among the three groups, however, there was no difference in blood pressure, heart rate or the use of each drug at enrollment. In summary, it is suggested that the different antihypertensive drug therapies die not influence the prognosis of elderly hypertensive patients.

Aged↗