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Biomedical subjects

H Martin

Publications and source records attributed to H Martin.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Unusual chordoma of the neck region simulating salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma].

We report a 34-year-old woman with a cervical chordoma consisting of an intraspinal and extraspinal portion. The extraspinal component of the tumor invaded the deeper structures of the left side of the neck, and was subjected to repeated partial removal. It was misinterpreted as pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland origin, whereas the intraspinal portion was a neurilemmoma with unusual mucous degeneration.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[Locally invasive oncocytoma of the nasal cavity].

Reported is a nasal oncocytoma with locally invasive properties in a 86 year old man. The tumor was histologically found to consist of cells rich in cytoplasm, with striking eosinophilia, granularity, and predominance of glandular architecture. Electron microscopy revealed typical oncocytes with abundant mitochondria in the cytoplasm, with many of them compressing the nuclei of tumor cells. The tumor reported was distinguished from unambiguously benign oncocytomas by its mitotic activity and locally invasive character. These properties should be noted in histologic diagnosis. Locally delimited but radical tumor removal is the adequate therapy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Fluorimetric method for simultaneous estimation of cortisol, corticosterone, and testosterone in plasma.

The simultaneous estimation of steroids in plasma was carried out by the assay of cortisol, corticosterone, and testosterone. The method entails separation by means of thin layer chromatography, followed by conversion to a fluorophore and fluorimetric measurement. Its major advantages are its high specificity, its ability to detect unknown substances, and the ease with which it can be performed. The method has acceptable levels of accuracy and precision and the normal values obtained by it compare well with those given by methods in general use.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1989

Quantitative analysis of slow eye movements with an IBM/AT compatible personal computer in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

A self-developed software program is presented, by means of which it is possible to make routine recordings and automated analysis of slow eye movements in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis. The menu-guided program runs on an IBM/AT compatible personal computer and allows on-line survey of slow eye movements. Furthermore, interactive evaluation of the data is possible. Hard copies can be made from interesting slow eye movements and their calculated parameters. Finally, tables containing various parameters such as gain, pursuit amplitude, phase difference and number of corrective saccades as well as some simple statistical calculations can be printed out.

Electrooculography↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental studies of chemonucleolysis with aprotinin].

We have attend operatively exstirpated tissue of intervertebral disks to solution with 250.000 I. E. and 500.000 I.E. aprotinin. After preparation and colouring of the tissue we examinate by microscope. We couldn't find out neither a macroscopic nor microscopic evident effect of chemonucleolysis of aprotinin. Our opinion is, that an application of aprotinin to reduction of intradiscal pressure or to chemonucleolysis isn't effectively.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1989

[Surgery of otospongiosis in the elderly].

This paper only deals with patients suffering from otosclerosis, operated upon by stapes footplate piston procedure. We have been using this technique since 1963 and described it in 1966 stressing on the necessity of performing an accurately cut and circular footplate orifice, perfectly calibrated to the prosthesis diameter. The patients are considered as elderly if they are 70 or more, the oldest one was 84. Always performed under local anesthetic with a practically bloodless field, this surgery never induced any general complication. The patient gets up the day after surgery. Amongst 5,000 cases operated on by the same otologist between 1963 and 1987, 5.5% were 70 or more, 0.5% 80 or more. The immediate results are the same as in the younger patients for the majority frequencies and seems even better later on for the 4,000 Hz frequency. Also, the late bone conduction threshold in often much better than the preoperative one. So, we believe that all otosclerosis in the elderly can be operated on using our surgical procedure.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Plasma levels of soluble CD8 antigen and interleukin-2 receptor antigen in patients with hairy cell leukemia, relationship with splenectomy and with clinical response to therapy.

A soluble form of CD8 antigen (sCD8) has been shown to be released by activated CD8 + lymphocytes. Measurements of sCD8 may serve as an index of suppressor/cytotoxic cell activity. To assess the clinical significance of this observation in response to malignancy, we have investigated the sCD8 concentrations in 38 patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) not yet treated with any systemic therapy. The median plasma sCD8 level of the 20 nonsplenectomized patients was 1,025 U/ml and was significantly higher than that in the 18 patients who had previous splenectomy (median = 200 U/ml, p less than 0.0001), or in 14 normal controls (median = 350 U/ml, p less than 0.0001). Compared to controls, splenectomized patients had also significantly lower levels of sCD8 (p less than 0.01). The median concentration of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL2R) in nonsplenectomized patients was 14,500 U/ml and was in the same range as in splenectomized patients (15,000 U/ml). There was no overlap in sIL2-R levels between controls (median = 300 U/ml) and patients. Investigation of serial plasma samples in 7 patients who received deoxycoformycin (DCF) and 11 patients treated with interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) showed a normalization of sCD8 levels and a decrease of sIL2R concentrations in those patients who showed hematological improvement. Normalization of sIL2R was, however, only observed in patients with complete remission. Our observation indicates that splenectomy might cause a reduction of the activation of suppressor/cytotoxic cells in patients with HCL. Treatment with either DCF or IFN-alpha also modulates the sCD8 levels to normal range. Measurements of sCD8 and sIL2-R might give more insight into the pathogenesis of HCL and serve as parameters for monitoring different phases of the disease and response to therapy.

Antigens↗
PubMed1989

[Endoscopy and cophosurgery].

Certain fixed adherent retraction pockets especially in the posterior aspect of the tympanic cavity and certain cholesteatomas are difficult to treat even after a posterior tympanotomy has been performed. Using 70 degrees and especially 30 degrees optical systems can be of great value as the lesions can be perfectly visualised and endoscopic copho-surgery itself can even be carried out. Study of 27 cases of fixed retraction pockets and 14 cholesteatomas which underwent microscopic surgery but with optical verification of the operative cavity demonstrated the value of this technique. The safety of the method even allows the exclusive use of the endaural route in cases which have up to now required a posterior approach and posterior tympanotomy.

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1989

The PARTICLE expert system for tumor grading by automated image analysis.

While automated microscopic image analysis of histologic sections has been helpful in objectivizing histologic tumor grading and investigating the relationships between grading and prognosis, expert systems have the potential of linking image analysis and other data for statistical analysis and application to a wider range of tumors. One such expert system is PARTICLE, whose development was based on many years of experience in resolving histologic problems by image analysis. This paper discusses the philosophy of expert system for tumor grading and describes its implementation in the PARTICLE system. The system's structure, operations and applications are briefly presented. PARTICLE is essentially based on the evaluation of karyometric data.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1989

[Predominantly mucous-differentiated acinic cell adenocarcinoma of the trachea].

Reported in this paper is a predominantly mucous differentiated acinic cell adenocarcinoma of seromucous tracheal glands in a male patient aged 64 years. Local surgical treatment was performed several times within one year and was always followed by recurrence. The naked eye inspection showed a partial polypous appearance of the tumor. Histologically the carcinoma is composed of lobular arranged solid and cribrous cell formations only separated by a sparse fibrous stroma. The tumor is not capsulated, and invasive growth is evident. Large cells with abundant bright cytoplasm and a strongly positive reaction to PAS form the main constituent of the tumor. Signet cell formation sometimes occurs. Electron microscopic examination reveals abundant secretory granules. These cells are in full accordance with mucous cellular elements of adjacent seromucous tracheal glands from which this rare tumor has obviously originated.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Cholesteatoma and labyrinthine fistula].

43 cases of large labyrinthic fistulas caused by a cholesteatoma of the middle ear were studied (33 External Semi-circular Canal fistulas, 4 External Semi-circular Canal amputations with opening of the vestibule, 3 of the promontory, 2 of the oval window, 1 of the Semi-circular Canal). The audiometric, preoperative, radiological data was analyzed. The radiological exam is often disappointing for the average-sized fistulas. Preoperative labyrinthization is moderate for External Semi-circular Canal fistulas and even for certain vestibular amputations; it is often incomplete in the other locations. Systematic exeresis of the cholesteatoma matrix is recommended by the authors, at least for the External Semi-circular Canal fistulas as it is not generally accompanied by aggravation of the bony curve. In the other locations, surprising auditory preservations were observed. In conclusion, the presence of External Semi-circular Canal fistulas should not be a counter-indication for carrying out a ossiculoplasty.

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1989

The biosynthesis of C1q, the collagen-like and Fc-recognizing molecule of the complement system.

C1q, the collagen-like and Fc-recognizing component of the complement system, is mainly synthesized in macrophages and epithelial cells. Inhibitors of collagen biosynthesis, known to inhibit the post-translational hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues, were as effective in macrophages as inhibitors of C1q synthesis and secretion as has been described for collagen. This indicates that post-translational processing of C1q is dependent upon its collagen portions and triple helical formation within the cells. The macrophage-derived C1q is immuno- and physicochemically identical with serum C1q indicating that macrophages have to be considered as a major source for serum C1q. This was recently confirmed by Northern blot analysis using a cDNA probe for the B-chain of murine C1q. In contrast, an extremely weak signal was found in kidney, lung, gut, muscle and liver RNA. Besides the 11 S C1q molecule macrophages also synthesize a low molecular weight (LMW) form of C1q. The biological function of this 4 S LMW-C1q is still unclear. Macrophage-derived and secreted C1q is reinserted into the macrophage membrane. It is unlikely that the membranous form of C1q is bound via C1q-receptors into the membrane of macrophages since the B-chain of membrane-associated C1q is structurally different to that of fluid-phase C1q. The demonstration of a distinct membrane form of C1q supports earlier functional studies which implicated C1q as a membrane-associated molecule with receptor functions for those molecules which also interact with fluid-phase C1q, such as polyanions, the Fc portions of immune complexes, and bacteria (LPS and outer membrane proteins, OMP).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Karyometric studies of astrocytes and nerve cells of the putamen in human hepatic encephalopathy].

Nissl-stained specimen of the putamen of 49 autopsy cases with clinically and histologically proved chronic liver diseases were evaluated both morphometrically and densitometrically by means of the Microscopic Picture Analysis System A6471 (VEB Kombinat Robotron) using an interactive software system AMBA/R. Karyometric data of at least 50 astrocytes and the neurones in the same fields (72 on average) were checked for relations to the mean blood ammonia level in each case. The mean area of astrocyte nuclei, the proportion of their vacuolar areas, their mean compactness, and their mean extinction exhibit a significant correlation to the mean blood ammonia level (r1 = 0.4797, r2 = 0.6410, r3 = -0.5903, and r4 = -0.4897, respectively). No significant correlations could be found between the investigated parameters of neurones and the blood ammonia level.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1989

[Grading of brain tumors using computer-assisted analysis of CT images and anamnestic data].

For the classification of various brain tumours data from 139 patients with histologically proven diagnosis were used. With linear discriminant analysis and hierarchic classification of clinical and anamnestic data and features obtained by Walsh-transformation of image data presently 7 classes of tumours are differentiated with an estimated classification rate of 85% and reclassification rate of 92%.

Brain Neoplasms↗