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Biomedical subjects

H Manabe

Publications and source records attributed to H Manabe.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Alkali-labile oligosaccharide units of a sialoglycoprotein from rabbit erythrocyte membranes.

Two glycoproteins (apparent molecular weights 120,000 and 70,000) were extracted from rabbit erythrocyte membranes, and only one (Mr 120,000), which is a sialoglycoprotein, contained O-glycosidically linked sugar chains. Alkali-labile oligosaccharide units of the sialoglycoprotein were released as reduced oligosaccharides by NaOH-NaB3H4 treatment, and then purified by gel filtration on a Bio-Gel P-4 column followed by ion-exchange chromatography. From the results of methylation analysis, mass spectrometry and chromium trioxide oxidation, the main oligosaccharide unit was determined to be a linear trisaccharide (85% by weight), NeuNGc alpha(2----3)Gal beta(1----3)GalNAcol. In addition, small amounts of a tetrasaccharide (11% by weight) and a disaccharide (4% by weight) were found, which were determined to have the following structures, NeuNGc alpha(2----3)Gal beta(1----3)[NeuNGc alpha(2----6)] GalNAcol and Gal-GalNAcol, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[A human case of pulmonary dirofilariasis suspected to be lung cancer].

A 50-year-old man in Kitakyushu City visited a hospital for evaluation of an opacity in a routine chest X-ray film. After examinations by bronchoscopy and chest roentgenography, a clear coin lesion was found in the middle lobe of the right lung and was suspected to be a lung cancer. A right thoracotomy was performed to remove it. The lesion (10.6 X 9.8 mm) was a well-defined ellipsoid granuloma due to a foreign body with a central zone of necrosis surrounded entirely by a fibrous wall. In a cross section of the dissected granuloma two degenerated worm-like structures were revealed. The sections of the worm (216-240 X 296 mu m at the greatest diameter) had at least a 3-layered cuticle and prominent internal longitudinal cuticular ridges but no external cuticular ridges. The lateral chords were as high as the muscle layer which consisted of abundant somatic muscle (more than 30 muscle cells/quadrant). Judging from these morphological characteristics, the pulmonary granulomatosis was diagnosed to be due to an immature dog heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis. This identification was further supported by results from immunological methods. The present case is the 56th human case of dirofilariasis (the 39th as a pulmonary case only) in Japan.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1987

Identification of cardiac rejection in heterotopic heart transplantation using 111In-antimyosin.

It is important in heart transplantation to evaluate precisely the extent and location of cardiac rejection. At present, right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy has been used as the gold standard, however, establishment of noninvasive, simple, and easy diagnostic procedure is desired. The canine donor heart, in which atrial septal defect and tricuspid regurgitation had been produced beforehand, was heterotopically transplanted into the recipient's chest cavity. In seven dogs, two to three mCi of 111In-antimyosin was injected intravenously upon cardiac rejection before the heart was excised. 111In-antimyosin myocardial imaging was then performed using a gamma camera. In the same slice, a histopathological rejection score was calculated and divided into mild, moderate or severe injection. The uptake of 111In-antimyosin was significantly higher in moderate and severe rejected myocardium, since this agent produced a specific and selective localization and concentration in areas of myocardial damage. Therefore, this new technique allows the evaluation of therapeutic intervention upon cardiac rejection and may replace right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Identification of cardiac rejection with magnetic resonance imaging in heterotopic heart transplantation model.

It is important to evaluate the severity and extent of cardiac rejection in heart transplantations. Eight heterotopic heart transplantations using mongrel dogs were performed, and grated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the donor hearts was carried out. High signal intensity was obtained in the rejected myocardium at the time of cardiac rejection, especially from the right ventricular wall to the intraventricular septal wall compared with the left ventricular posterolateral wall. In addition, MRI was performed in the excised heart. High signal intensity was also observed in the same region of the excised donor hearts. The histopathological rejection scores were well in agreement with prolonged T1 and T2 relaxation times; severe and mild rejection of the myocardium were distinguished by the T1 and T2 relaxation times. Our results suggest that MRI is able to visualize the transplanted myocardium undergoing rejection and that the right ventricular wall is more sensitive to cardiac rejection than the left. MRI may allow noninvasive evaluation of the severity and extent of cardiac rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cardiac transplantation in dogs: evaluation with gated MRI and Gd-DTPA contrast enhancement.

It is important to evaluate the severity and extent of cardiac rejection in heart transplantation. Six heterotopic heart transplantation models in the peritoneal cavity were prepared with 12 adult mongrel dogs and in vivo imaging of the donor heart was performed using gated magnetic resonance imaging, (MRI) and Gd-DTPA contrast enhancement. In cardiac rejection, high signal intensity was obtained in the rejected myocardium, especially from the right ventricular wall to the intraventricular septal wall. The rejected myocardium was clearly visualized after administration of Gd-DTPA (0.5 mmol/kg body weight) via the femoral vein in all donor hearts. The mean ratios of signal intensity calculated from the rejected and normal myocardium were also increased from 25% to 42% after administration of Gd-DTPA. On the other hand, in the cases with no rejection, whole myocardium was visualized homogeneously before and after Gd-DTPA and there was no high signal intensity. Thus, our method has the potential of assessing the extent and severity of cardiac rejection using gated MRI and Gd-DTPA contrast enhancement.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Varicella-zoster virus infections during pregnancy: hypothesis concerning the mechanisms of congenital malformations.

An analysis of the data on 52 infants whose mothers had contracted varicella during pregnancy revealed that 27 had congenital malformations ascribed to the maternal varicella infections, while another 25 developed herpes zoster in the early postnatal period. Most of the mothers whose infants had congenital malformations had contracted varicella within the first 20 weeks of gestation, whereas most of the mothers whose infants developed herpes zoster had varicella after 21 weeks of gestation. The clinical features of the various congenital malformations and dysfunctions after maternal varicella were diverse; however, there were peculiar segmental manifestations of anomalies of the skin, the peripheral nervous, the autonomic nervous, and the musculoskeletal systems, all of which receive common innervations from the same levels of the spinal cord. Most other dysfunctions may be ascribed to an encephalitis. Therefore, the mechanism of congenital malformations caused by varicella-zoster virus seems to be due not to fetal varicella but to the development of herpes zoster in utero and to an encephalitis associated with herpes zoster. At least one infant had congenital malformations that were due to maternal herpes zoster infection.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1986

Micellar formation of spin-labeled fatty acyl derivatives of lipophilic muramyl dipeptides and their incorporation into liposomal membranes.

A lipophilic muramyl dipeptide (MDP) with a nitroxide moiety in its acyl chain (SL-MDP) and its N-methyl derivative (SL-methyl MDP) were synthesized. The SL-MDPs formed micelles (cmc, 0.1-0.3 mM). The ESR spectra of the SL-MDPs in phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes at 25 degrees C consisted of an anisotropic signal and three sharp lines, indicating that both SL-MDPs partitioned between membranes and aqueous phase. The amounts of the SL-MDPs in membranes depended on the phospholipid species and the cholesterol (Chol) content, but no appreciable difference was observed between SL-MDPs. The SL-MDPs partitioned well at 25 degrees C into egg yolk PC liposomes but not into pure dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), suggesting that the incorporation may be related to the membrane fluidity. Chol enhanced the incorporation into both phospholipids. The mobilities of the SL-MDPs in the membranes were less than that of the corresponding spin-labeled fatty acid. Comparison of the mobilities among SL-MDPs, spin-labeled ganglioside and spin-labeled galactosylceramide showed that the hydrophilicity of the polar group may influence the immobilization of their acyl chains.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1986

[Present status and future view of cardiac surgery in Japan].

Analysis of present status: The institutes for cardiac surgery, amounting to 300 are spread throughout Japan. Consequently, the number of operation for the acquired heart disease, congenital heart disease and thoracic aortic aneurysm, has been counted 8088, 7837, and 839 respectively and in total, 16774 cases were operated in 1984. The increase in number of surgery for new born baby and infant recently proves the remarkable advance of cardiac surgery in Japan. The gradual increase in number of surgery for the aged reflects the Japanese social conditions today. The increase in number of aorto coronary bypass surgery should be paid attention, from the view of the disease structure in Japan. The problems, existing under today's condition are as follows; the establishment of the other department concerned with that of cardiac surgery, training condition to become specialists, practical use of medical resources and economical efficacy of medical care. Future view: It should be noted that the severe patients exist in Japan as well as in other countries and their lives cannot be saved without the heart or the heart-lung transplantation. We should immediately consider the organ transplantation as one of the medical treatments for the above-mentioned patients out of love for mankind. Heart transplantation is very much different from the general cardiac surgery in technical, ethical aspects and so on. Therefore, as the procedure for the success to establish heart transplantation as one of the medical treatments, careful consideration is indispensable in the nationwide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1985

Usefulness of left ventricular volume in assessing tetralogy of Fallot for total correction.

Ninety-one patients with tetralogy of Fallot underwent intracardiac repair between 1978 and 1981. One patient died from left-sided heart failure. Retrospective analyses of this death revealed a significant decrease of the left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume index (EDVI) of 21 ml/m2 (36% of normal). Results of early postoperative hemodynamic studies after total correction of this anomaly suggested that an EDVI of 30 ml/m2 is the minimal requirement for adequate cardiac output postoperatively. Based on these data, 3 patients with decreased LV volume with EDVI of around 30 ml/m2 were challenged with the primary repair with success, although they required atrial pacing and catecholamine support postoperatively to maintain adequate left atrial pressure and cardiac output. From these results, it is recommended that patients with tetralogy of Fallot and an EDVI of 30 ml/m2 or more can be considered as candidates for the primary repair, but that patients with an EDVI of less than 30 ml/m2 should be palliated once by systemic-to-pulmonary arterial shunt procedures. Subsequent total correction should be performed after sufficient LV growth for those patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Rastelli operation as one stage anatomical correction for infants with complete transposition of the great arteries and ventricular septal defect.

We recently adopted the Rastelli operation as a one stage anatomical correction for three infants with transposition of the great arteries and associated with ventricular septal defect (TGA + VSD). In all, ventricular septal defect was enlarged by excision of the conus septum to avoid obstruction of intraventricular tunnel and Hancock valved conduits of 18 mm in diameter were used for reconstruction of pulmonary trunk. The postoperative function of the left ventricule proved to be better than that of the right ventricle, as the systemic ventricle, after the Mustard procedure for TGA + VSD. Our results show that the Rastelli operation is effective as a one stage anatomical correction in infants with TGA + VSD.

Female↗