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Biomedical subjects

H Maier

Publications and source records attributed to H Maier.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Feasibility of DNA impulse cytophotometry (ICP) in the diagnosis of squamous cell cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx].

DNA ploidy and the proportion of DNA-synthesized cells (number of S-phase fractions) were measured by DNA impulse cytophotometry in 39 patients with untreated carcinomas of the oral cavity and the oropharynx. 84.7% of the tumours of the oral cavity and 80.8% of the tumours of the oropharynx were DNA-aneuploid. The mean value of S-phase fractions of the carcinomas of the oral cavity was 9.18 +/- 4.82%, that of the oropharynx carcinomas was 9.16 +/- 5.85%. There was no correlation between the type of DNA ploidy or the number of S-phase fractions and the presence of regional metastases and the clinical outcome of the tumour diseases. A case report suggests that determination of the number of S-phase fractions may give important information on the prognosticable effect of cytostatic therapy. So pretherapeutic ICP determination might become helpful with regard to the indications for cytostatic therapy of oro-pharyngeal tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Limited function of the large salivary glands of the head. A new aspect for the etiopathogenesis of cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx].

Function and morphology of the major salivary glands were investigated in patients suffering from carcinomas of the oral cavity, the oropharynx and the hypopharynx. In comparison to the results obtained from healthy control subjects, the tumour patients showed significantly decreased flow-rates of parotid and submandibular saliva. Furthermore the excretion of IgA, lysozyme and total protein and the pH-value in both, the parotid and the submandibular saliva of the patients was significantly lowered. The histological feature of the salivary glands of the patients was characterized by interstitial deposition of fat. In several cases a swelling and a degranulation of the acinar cells was observed additionally. Other patients showed an atrophy of the acinar cells. Sometimes an inflammatory reaction could also be noted in the submandibular and/or the parotid glands of patients suffering from head and neck cancer. The decreased salivary gland function reflects a reduction of the protective mechanisms of the oral cavity and the pharynx. Additionally it enables an increased penetration of environmental carcinogens through the mucous surface, and therefore has to be discussed as a factor for the etiology of carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Well-differentiated liposarcoma of the submandibular region. Case report and literature review].

Liposarcoma of the head and neck are seen only occasionally. In particular manifestations of this tumour in the submandibular region or the floor of the mouth are very rare. The pathohistological features and the clinical picture of these tumours are described by means of a case report and a review of the literature. The close correlation between histological differentiation and prognosis of liposarcoma is underlined. The recommended possibilities of treating these rare soft tissue tumours are discussed.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

[Silastic foam: a new dressing in otorhinolaryngology].

A new technique of dressing using Silastic-foam which up to now has not been introduced to ORC is presented. This type of foam dressing is characterized by good adaption to the wound, high flexibility, avoidance of wound irritation and by supporting wound granulation. Several possibilities of application are described.

Bandages↗
PubMed1985

Effects of an intravenous bolus calcium injection on glomerular filtration rate and electrolyte excretion in the kidney in conscious pigs.

This paper reports the changes observed in the concentration of various constituents of plasma and in their excretion in the urine after a bolus intravenous injection of 2,2 mM calcium gluconate into conscious pigs weighing 20 kg. In the plasma, both ionic and total calcium concentrations increased but returned to normal within 35 minutes, while sodium, potassium and inorganic phosphate did not change significantly. In the kidney, the urine volume, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and fractional sodium excretion increased slightly during the first 10 minutes but became significantly depressed later. Potassium and phosphate levels decreased, the latter significantly, while the calcium concentration increased significantly and only returned to normal after 70 minutes. These results suggest that since the disturbances in urinary volume, GFR and fractional phosphate excretion persist after both the plasma calcium and urinary calcium levels have returned to normal, factors other than these calcium values may be responsible for changes in the former measurements.

Absorption↗
PubMed1985

New concepts in the treatment of chronic recurrent parotitis.

The release of glandular kallikrein into the interstitium of the parotid gland appears to play an important role in the occurrence of the inflammatory interstitial edema in chronic recurrent parotitis. This provides fresh impetus for the treatment of this parotid disease with a kallikrein inhibitor. In our present study, seven patients with acute exacerbated chronic recurrent parotitis were treated with the kallikrein inhibitor aprotinin (Trasylol, Bayer AG, Leverkusen). With this therapy all patients were free of pain 12 h after the start of the therapy and most salivary gland function had returned to normal by 48 h after beginning treatment. Within this period of time, concomitant swelling of the affected parotid gland disappeared completely in five patients and resolved in the other two patients after 1 week.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1985

Primary cutaneous atypical histiocytosis with possible dissemination.

Three unusual cases that were clinically suspected to be cutaneous malignant lymphomas were investigated by electron microscopy and enzyme cytochemistry. By conventional histology, a monomorphous infiltrate of medium-sized histiocytoid cells with occasional cytoplasmic vacuoles was seen. More characteristic was the ultrastructural finding of giant multivesicular bodies and pleomorphic granules in numerous neoplastic cells. These organelles seem to be closely related and to represent a market of a clinical entity. On cryostat sections some neoplastic cells were strongly positive, some weakly positive, and others negative for lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase, alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase). Several cases with the same cytoplasmic structures and similarities in clinical presentations (disseminated cutaneous nodules and larger masses) and good responses to various modes of treatment (excision, x-ray irradiation, chemotherapy) have been described in the literature. However, a fatal course is also possible.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Sarcoidosis (Boeck disease) of the parotid gland].

Involvement of the parotid gland with sarcoidosis occurs in 1-6% of the patients. In rare cases parotitis represents the initial clinical manifestation of sarcoidosis. In that case, the otorhinolaryngologist is usually the first to be confronted with this disease and may enable an early diagnosis and therapy. In the present paper a rare case of isolated sarcoidosis of the parotid gland is reported. The results obtained by different examination techniques are demonstrated and their relevance for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Cleft formations between the body and the greater horn of the hyoid bone].

Clefts between the body and the greater horn of the hyoid bone are reconstructed graphically from histological sections of hyoid bones from children aged 5 months up to 7 a. In 3 cases, the cleft cranially is enclosed by perichondrium at the lateral and medial sides; caudally the perichondral tissue is continued by cartilage on the medial side. On the lateral side, the perichondrium reaches more caudally. In 1 case, the cleft is enclosed on its medial side by cartilage only. In all cases examined, the medial wall is thicker than the lateral. The formation of a joint cleft between the body and the greater horn of the hyoid bone seems to be predominant in the lateral and caudal parts of that diarthrosis.

Child↗
PubMed1985

[Spontaneous parotid gland infarct].

Infarction of the parotid gland after surgery is caused by local ischaemia of the glandular tissue. The pathohistological changes are similar to those of necrotizing sialometaplasia of the minor salivary glands. A case of spontaneous infarction of the parotid gland in a 77 year old man is presented. The clinical appearance, sialometric, sialochemical, sialographic, cytological and microscopic features are described. The similarity of the morphological pictures of necrotizing sialometaplasia and squamous cell carcinoma and the resulting difficulties for differential diagnosis are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Congenital chondroma of the larynx].

Cartilaginous tumours of the larynx are uncommon. For the first time, a case report of a congenital chondroma of the larynx in a two-day-old girl is presented. Only a few hours after birth the tumour caused inspiratory stridor and dyspnoea and secondarily pneumothorax and atelectasis of the lung. After intubation and tumour resection the atelectasis and the pneumothorax disappeared spontaneously. Chondromas of the larynx should be considered in different diagnosis of congenital anomalies of the larynx.

Arytenoid Cartilage↗
PubMed1984

Salivary phosphohexoseisomerase activity in health and salivary gland diseases.

The attitude of phosphohexoseisomerase (PHI), a glycolytic enzyme, in parotid and submandibular saliva of healthy human control subjects of different sex and age was studied flow rate dependent. The results obtained from this group were compared to the PHI activity measured in the saliva of patients suffering from salivary gland diseases. Significantly elevated salivary PHI levels were found in chronic sialadenitis, while in sialadenosis, parotid gland infarction and parotid cysts the enzyme activity was within the normal range. Single patients suffering from parotid gland tumors showed elevated PHI values. A possible role of salivary PHI activity for the differential diagnosis of salivary gland diseases is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Glandular kallikrein in chronic recurrent parotitis].

Salivary kallikrein was measured in the parotid saliva of 11 patients suffering from chronic recurrent parotitis and 15 healthy control persons. While in the control group kallikrein levels from 1-4 U/l could be registrated, the results obtained from patients were significantly elevated and varied between 23,45 U/l and 89,41 U/l. Release of kallikrein from destroyed duct cells is suggested to be the origin of the elevated salivary levels of this enzyme in chronic recurrent parotitis. A leakage of glandular kallikrein into the interstitial fluid and thereby release of kallidin from kininogen is discussed as a possible mechanism in the development of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Transient response of thyroidectomized pigs to bolus calcium injections and the effect of salmon calcitonin and parathyroid hormone.

The intravenous injection of calcium gluconate (0.11 mM/kg body weight) into conscious thyroidectomized pigs elicits a 30% rise in both ionized and total calcium concentrations of plasma, which return to basal levels within 180 min. The administration of calcitonin (2.5-10 MRC U/kg body weight) reduces this time to 30 to 40 min which is similar to the time obtained in thyroid intact animals. These results suggest that calcitonin may be involved in the fast calcium removal processes and thus in the short-term regulating system of calcium homeostasis. Neither parathyroidectomy nor the administration of parathyroid hormone affected the time for recovery in thyroidectomized pigs, suggesting that the short-term regulation is independent on the parathyroid gland and its hormone.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Phosphohexose isomerase activity in parotid and submandibular saliva as a parameter in the diagnosis of chronic sialadenitis].

The phosphohexose isomerase (PHI) activity was measured in parotid and submandibular saliva of patients suffering from chronic sialadenitis and of healthy control persons. In control persons the mean PHI value determined in parotid saliva (10.93 +/- 1.17 U/l) was significantly lower compared to that measured in submandibular saliva (38.18 +/- 4.44 U/l). In chronic sialadenitis the salivary PHI activity was significantly increased and reached values up to 5440 U/l in parotid secretion and values up to 1620 U/l in submandibular secretion. The possible role of salivary PHI activity as a parameter for the diagnosis of chronic sialadenitis is discussed.

Chronic Disease↗