Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Maier

Publications and source records attributed to H Maier.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Efficacy and safety of cefotiam hexetil in the treatment of ear, nose and throat infections.

In 60 patients suffering from acute ear, nose and throat infections the efficacy and safety of cefotiam hexetil (SCE-2174, CAS 61622-34-2) which is a pro-drug of cefotiam was studied. The clinical success rate (improvement/cure) achieved with a daily administration of 600 mg was 90%. In 63% of the cases being evaluable for bacteriological response an eradication of the causative pathogens at the end of the treatment period was found. The majority of the patients tolerated well the compound. Side effects which were possibly, likely or definitely related to the treatment were observed in 12 patients. In 7 of these patients the treatment had to be stopped due to side effects which is equivalent to an intolerance rate of 12%. The data obtained in the present study indicate that cefotiam hexetil is a potent drug for the treatment of acute and acute on top of chronic infections of the upper aerodigestive tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Decreased aspiration after extensive tumor surgical interventions in the area of the mouth cavity and pharynx by laryngeal suspension].

Lateral laryngeal suspension in combination with a cricopharyngeal myotomy represents a simple technique for prevention and/or treatment of chronic aspiration in patients during or after surgery for head and neck cancer. At the Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery of the University of Heidelberg this technique has been employed with satisfying results in 6 patients with large carcinomas of the oral cavity and pharynx. Lateral laryngeal suspension was not able to prevent--or if used secondarily--to eliminate aspiration completely in all patients. However, none of our patients experienced aspiration of saliva postoperatively. All were able to use a speech canula and some could even be fed orally.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1992

[Combination of velopharyngoplasty and transposition flap of buccal mucosa for primary reconstruction of the soft palate].

Reconstruction of the soft palate after tumor surgery can present a challenge in closing the defect created and achieving a sufficient functional result. We present a new technique for primary reconstruction after partial or total resections of the soft palate. The method is based on the combination of a cranially pedicled pharyngeal mucosa muscle flap with an oral mucosal transposition flap. If partial resection of the lateral pharyngeal wall is also required, the method can be combined with a masseter crossover flap. Our present experience has shown that the surgical technique used will result in an uncomplicated and rapid primary two-layer reconstruction of the soft palate with a comparatively low postoperative complication rate and satisfactory functional results in speaking and swallowing.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1992

[Laryngeal cancer and occupation--results of the Heidelberg laryngeal cancer study].

We conducted a case-control study of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx referred to occupational factors in 164 patients compared with 656 controls adjusted for sex, age and area of residence, using a 1-to-4 matched design. Most of the cancer patients (92%) were blue collar workers. Only 8% of the cancer patients had attended technical college, college or university, compared with 31.3% of the control subjects. After adjustment for alcohol and tobacco consumption we found an increased relative risk of laryngeal cancer in subjects chronically exposed to cement dust, pine wood dust and coal-tar products. The risk associated with cement dust and coal-tar products was predominantly related to supraglottic cancer (RR = 1.88, CI = 0.8-4.3, RR = 6.11, CI = 1.7-21.6), respectively, after adjustment for tobacco and alcohol use. The risk associated with pine wood dust was related predominantly to glottic cancer (RR = 3.18, CI = 1.1-9.0) after adjustment for tobacco and alcohol use.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of acute nicotine administration on the function of the human parotid gland].

The effect of acute administration of nicotine on the secretory function of the human parotid gland was investigated in 4 male volunteers. After intravenous infusion of 20 micrograms nicotine/kg b.w. within 10 min in all subjects an increased salivary amylase activity and protein concentration was observed. This phenomenon is believed to be caused by a stimulation of parotid beta-adrenoceptors secondary to a nicotine-induced release of catecholamines from the adrenals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Occupational exposure to hazardous substances and risk of cancer in the area of the mouth cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx. A case-control study].

A case-control study of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract conducted in Heidelberg and Giessen (FRG) provided information on occupational factors in 200 patients and 800 controls (adjusted to sex, age and area of living; 4:1 matched design). The number of subjects exposed to wood dusts, organic chemicals, coal products or to cement was significantly elevated in the tumour group. An increased risk for head and neck cancer was observed after exposition to wood dust (RR = 2,2), organic compounds (RR = 2,4), coal products (RR = 2,7) and especially to cement (RR = 4,4). The cancer risk due to cement exposition showed a positive correlation to the duration of exposition and remained significantly elevated after adjustment for alcohol and tobacco consumption.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Sialadenosis of the parotid gland after chronic nicotine use].

The effect of chronic nicotine consumption on the morphology of the rat parotid gland was investigated. After nicotine-loading for 90 days with an average serum nicotine concentration of 78 +/- 10 ng/ml a significant increase of acinar cell volume was observed. The acinar cells contained an increased number of enlarged light, immature secretory granules. These findings were confirmed by morphometric analysis. Further an increase of the granular endoplasmatic reticulum, an enlargement of the Golgi complexes and an oedematous swelling of intraglandular autonomous nerves were found. Similar findings have been observed in the parotid gland of animals and also of humans chronically treated with the beta-adrenergic drugs aludrin and isoproterenol, and have been termed "sialadenosis". It seems likely that the observed morphological alterations are caused by a stimulation of glandular beta-adrenoceptors via a nicotine-induced release of catecholamines from the adrenals.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Frey's syndrome (gustatory sweating) after fracture of the temporomandibular joint].

Damage of the auriculo-temporal nerve with consecutive Frey's syndrome (gustatory sweating) can occur with fractures of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as a result of the anatomic proximity. A case of marked gustatory sweating as a rare complication of a mandibular joint fracture and alternation of therapy are reported.

Fracture Fixation, Internal↗
PubMed1991

[Primary extracranial meningioma of the eyelid].

A case of a primarily extracranial meningioma of the eyelid, so far not reported in literature, is discussed. As mentioned in literature, this case of an extracranial meningioma has also irritated both the physician and the pathologist, due to its uncharacteristic clinical, radiological and histological manifestation. The possibility of an extracranial meningioma as a cause of a head and neck mass should be borne in mind.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Thrombosis of the internal jugular vein in therapy with hematopoietic growth factors. A case report].

Thrombosis of the internal jugular and subclavian vein is often caused by central venous catheters. We report on a 39-year-old patient suffering from clinically suspected thrombosis of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. Thrombosis was confirmed by B-mode-sonography. The development of thrombosis in this case as a consequence of a central venous catheter and of an additional continuous i.v. treatment with human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is discussed.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed1991

[Masseter muscle flaps and buccal mucosa transposition flaps in the reconstruction of the dorsal oral cavity and the oropharynx].

The m. masseter crossover flap according to Tiwari combined with a buccal mucosa transposition flap represents an excellent technique for a primary two-layered closure of defects due to surgical removal of T2- and small T3-tumors of the posterior part of the lateral floor of the mouth, the posterior edge of the tongue, the retromolar trigone, the soft palate and the tonsilar region. Especially advantageous are the low postoperative morbidity, the low rate of postoperative complications, and good functional and cosmetic results. The surgical expenditure is little and recommends the use of this technique also in patients with reduced operability.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Chromogranin A and B in adenomas of the pituitary. An immunohistochemical study of 42 cases.

Forty-two pituitary adenomas (10 prolactinomas; three ACTH-, nine GH-, two FSH- and two TSH-secreting adenomas; and 16 clinically nonfunctioning null cell adenomas) were investigated immunohistochemically with antibodies against chromogranin A and B as well as ACTH, GH, prolactin (PRL), FSH, LH, TSH, and alpha-HCG antibodies. For the demonstration of chromogranin B, two different antibodies were used--e.g., a polyclonal antihuman antibody and an antiserum against a synthetic peptide (DK-21, chromogranin B 306-326) present in the chromogranin B amino acid sequence. All tumors were positive for both chromogranin B antibodies. Chromogranin A was found in FSH- (two of two) and TSH- (two of two) secreting adenomas; it was also found in a focal distribution in ACTH- (one of three) and GH- (four of nine) secreting adenomas. Thirteen of 16 null cell adenomas contained chromogranin A, whereas no chromogranin A was found in prolactinomas. We conclude that null cell adenomas may arise either from FSH/LH or TSH cells (null cell adenomas with both chromogranin A and B positivity) or from ACTH, GH, or PRL cells (the respective tumors are only positive for chromogranin B). Chromogranin B may be used as a universal marker for pituitary adenomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1991

Parotid sialography with a new Zonarc program.

The use of panoramic zonography with the Zonarc-MLA and LAT-PA program for parotid sialography is presented. It provides curved layer tomograms, and shadows of the bony structures are therefore not disturbingly superimposed on the image of the sialogram. The visibility in the retromandibular region tended to be better. Radiation doses in plain film radiography are up to 60 times higher than in Zonarc radiography.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Labelling of tumour cells with a biotinylated inhibitor of a cell surface protease.

Our objective has been to prepare a biotinylated affinity probe for the active centre of a protease associated with the surface of tumour cells. We employed three model systems in which easily recognisable tumour cells containing the active protease were used as targets for the biotinylated affinity probe. These were: squamous cell carcinoma, leukaemia cells in muscle and outgrowths of prostate carcinoma cells grown in three dimensional collagen gels. The presence of the bound biotinylated affinity probe was demonstrated by its ability to bind Texas-red labelled streptavidin with the results that the tumour cells exhibited red fluorescence. This binding was shown to be competitive with 9-amino acridine, a compound known to bind to the active centre of the target protease. This technique depends upon the affinity of the active centre of an enzyme for a competitive inhibitor and therefore should be applicable to other enzyme systems employing suitable ligands for their active centres.

Affinity Labels↗
PubMed1991

Temporary competitive inhibition of a tumour cell surface protease as a protective mechanism in the preparation of the membrane bound native enzyme in the presence of excess cytoplasmic inhibitors.

Tumour cells possess a cell surface protease which is recognised and inhibited by a cytoplasmic protein extractable from frozen sections of tumour cells. In order to prepare sections with tumour cells carrying cell surface-bound native protease in the absence of this internal inhibitor we have used a reversible competitive inhibition step as a temporary measure to protect the active centre of GB whilst the cytoplasmic inhibitor is extracted from the frozen sections. These sections are described as protected in the sense that the enzyme is native and fully functional now that potential inhibitors have been extracted. The protected cell surface protease immobilised in the cell surface of squamous cell carcinoma cells has been used as the target for inhibition studies and displacement studies. The ability to follow these inhibition and exchange reactions concerning the cell surface protease has been made possible by virtue of the fluorescent probe, 9-amino acridine, which locates the active centre of the protease. Cells with active protease bind 9-amino acridine and fluoresce yellow; cells lacking this protease or having inhibited protease fail to bind 9-amino acridine and do not fluoresce.

Aminacrine↗
PubMed1991

Inhibition of a cell surface protease after cisplatin chemotherapy.

The epithelial cells in squamous carcinoma and leukoplakia of the oral cavity possess the cell surface protease, guanidinobenzoatase (GB), in an active form. GB is closely similar to plasminogen activator, a protease associated with both transformed cells and tumour cells. The active centre of GB binds the fluorescent probe 9-aminoacridine (9-AA) enabling cells containing active GB to be visualised by fluorescent microscopy. It was observed that chemotherapy with cisplatin resulted in a marked decrease in cell surface GB activity and this decrease was due to the formation of an enzyme-inhibitor complex. One of the results of chemotherapy was shown to be the suppression of a cell surface protease which is known to be associated with migration and malignancy of cells in vivo.

Aminacrine↗