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Biomedical subjects

H Mahnel

Publications and source records attributed to H Mahnel.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Effect of silver compounds on viruses in water].

Two commercial substances, Certisil and Micropur, containing microbicidal silver compounds and destinated for decontamination as well as preservation of water were examined for virus inactivating activity against ECBO-, influenza A, Newcastle Disease, pseudorabies and vaccinia viruses in drinking water. In the recommended concentration as well as higher concentrated the lability of the viruses was increased by the silver compounds. This activity which cannot be designated as a true virucidal effect was clearly evident in the case of ECBO and vaccinia viruses, moderate on influenza and pseudorabies viruses but insignificant on Newcastle disease virus. Two combined silver compounds, Certisil-Combina and Sanosil, each containing an immediate microbicidal part besides silver differed in their antiviral activity. The chlorine separating part of Certisil-Combina didn't cause an improvement or acceleration of the destabilizing effect on viruses compared to the pure silver compound, while the hydrogen peroxide part of Sanosil led to a better and continuing inactivating influence on the viruses which were merely reduced in infectivity by 99,9% within one day. Only in the case of evident or suspected contamination of water reservoirs by viruses the addition of a combined silver drug with oxygen separating part seems to be useful.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Vaccination against mouse pox].

Attenuated MVA-strain of vaccinia virus has been efficient in the control of enzootic mousepox and in prophylactic vaccination. The virus has been used as a live vaccine for prophylactic and emergency vaccinations as well as for sanitation of populations. More than 100 000 vaccinations were carried out safely. Even after suspension of the obligatory vaccination of humans against smallpox the MVA-vaccine can be employed without risk and danger.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Inactivation of viruses and bacteria in sewage sludge by gamma radiation (author's transl)].

The kinetics of inactivation and the resistance to gamma radiation of microorganisms usually to be found in raw sludge were examined with five viruses, three bacteria and a fungus serving as prototypes in comparative studies. All these infectious agents could reliably be inactivated by gamma rays in raw sewage sludge but they were clearly more resistant to gamma rays compared to irradiation in a liquid suspension. The reduction of the virus content required a much higher radiation dose compared to bacteria and the fungus used, excluding Streptococcus faecalis which was exceptionally resistant. Considering the content of pathogenic viruses and other agents in raw sewage sludge, the required radiation dose necessary to comply with average to strict demands for the hygienisation of sewage sludge is discussed. The radiation dose of 500 to 1,000 krad seems therefore to be sufficient.

Aspergillus fumigatus↗
PubMed1980

[Sensitiveness of viruses fo gamma radiation (author's transl)].

The sensitiveness of viruses to gamma rays was compared using eight viruses suspended with low concentration in drinking water, and four viruses present in high concentrations in tissue culture medium. The results show that the following factors are responsible for the resistance of viruses to gamma rays: 1. type of virus: the specific radiation resistance varied considerably; in general, there was a closer correlation with the general resistance of the virus to chemico-physical influences than with the type of nucleic acid of the virus examined; 2. medium of suspension and state of aggregation: high protein content and lyophilisation increased the resistance to gamma rays widely; 3. virus concentration: the virus reduction by a factor of 10 in suspensions with high virus concentration needed a higher radiation dose compared with suspensions of low virus content. All the results demonstrate the kinetics of inactivation to be a 1st order reaction. The increase of temperature to 41 degrees C did not show any significant influence.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1979

[Variations in resistance of viruses from different groups to chemico-physical decontamination methods].

The resistance of a total of 13 different viruses to some important chemico-physical influences was studied under uniform experimental conditions. Stability in tape water, thermostability and sensitivity to anodic oxidation, gamma radiation, some virucidal substances and several commercial disinfectants were tested. In evaluating the results, an attempt is made to rank the viruses investigated according to their sensitivity. On average a bovine parvovirus, and also a reovirus and three enteroviruses, proved most stable. These were followed by infectious canine hepatitis (adenoviruses). Newcastle disease (paramyxoviruses) and vaccinia (poxviruses) demonstrating less resistance. In all the tests an orthomyxovirus (influenza A), a rhabdovirus (vesicular stomatitis), and particularly a herpesvirus (pseudorabies) and a togavirus (sindbis) proved to have relatively low resistance.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Morphology and morphogenesis of a new paramyxovirus (PMV 107).

The morphology of the virions and nucleocapsids of paramyxovirus 107 (PVM 107) and the replication of the virus were investigated by electron microscopy. The virions and nucleocapsids exhibited the same structural properties as other paramyxoviruses. Nuclecapsids were found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of infected bovine embryonic lung (BEL) cell cultures. A similar situation has been described for the morbilliviruses measles, SSPE, distemper and rinderpest. Alignment of nucleocapsids beneath the plasma membrane and budding of PMV 107 in the productive BEL cell infections were also similar to the morbillivirus-infected cells. In a line of monkey cells (CV1) persistently infected with PMV 107 only cytoplasmic nucleocapsids could be demonstrated. On the basis of its morphology and morphogenesis it is suggested that PMV 107 should be classified as a paramyxovirus. Since nucleocapsids could also be found in the nucleus of infected BEL cells the morphogenesis of PMV 107 closely resembles that of viruses of the morbillivirus group.

Animals↗