Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Maeta

Publications and source records attributed to H Maeta.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Double-blind controlled trial of single-dose treatment with bovine surfactant in severe hyaline membrane disease.

In a double-blind clinical trial the effects of a single dose of reconstituted bovine surfactant ('Surfactant TA') were assessed in 30 premature infants (birthweight 751-1750 g) with severe hyaline membrane disease. 17 infants had a sonicated saline suspension of 100 mg/kg surfactant phospholipid instilled into the trachea at 5.0 (SD 0.7) hours of age and 13 infants received saline by the same route at 4.3 (1.1) hours of age. In the surfactant-treated group there was early improvement in oxygenation and ventilation. Haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus occurred more often in the surfactant group; pneumothorax and pulmonary interstitial emphysema occurred less often. The combined incidence of death and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia was significantly lower in the surfactant group (3/17) than in the placebo group (9/13).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Lipogenesis in the brown adipose tissue of the fetal baboon.

The ultrastructural and lipogenic capacity of the white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) of 10 baboon fetuses (gestational age, 138-183 days) were studied. The axillary, interscapular and pericardiac sites had at least 50% brown fat cells while the retroorbital site contained white adipocytes only. Both WAT and BAT incorporated 3H2O and 14C-glycerol into lipids at similar high rates. The activities of enzyme acetyl CoA carboxylase and glycerokinase were higher than those reported in human BAT and comparable to these reported in rodent BAT under unstimulated conditions. It is concluded that in the fetal baboon adipose tissue is capable of considerable de novo lipogenesis and that, despite the differences in microscopic appearance, WAT and BAT have similar lipogenic potentials with respect to the parameters measured.

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase↗
PubMed1987

Surfactant replacement therapy: clinical and experimental studies.

Surfactant replacement therapy has been investigated extensively both in animal models and clinical studies. Although not yet available for routine clinical treatment, surfactant replacement in HMD holds great promise. This article reviews the current literature in this area.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Risk factors influencing the prognosis of severe aortic valve disease following aortic valve replacement].

As a result of improvement in intraoperative and postoperative management, severe aortic valve disease can be cured by operation, however, late cardiogenic sudden death after aortic valve replacement (AVR) has been existed as one of the important unsolved problem. This report is aimed to predict the risk factors influencing the postoperative prognosis of severe aortic valve disease. Twenty-three cases with aortic regurgitation (AR) and 20 cases with aortic stenosis (AS) were selected by postoperative period over 12 months. In 18 AR cases with normal coronary artery substantiated by selective coronary angiography, cross sectional area index of left ventricular wall (CSAI) and ST depression in left chest leads of electrocardiogram correlated well as the CSAI increased, so decreased the ST segment. This shows the increment of CSAI leads left ventricular endocardial ischemia. By means of introduction of this indicator, 23 AR and 20 AS patients were divided into two groups as group C-I having CSAI over 20 cm2/m2 and group C-II under 20 cm2/m2. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was selected as an predictive indicator of left ventricular function. As same as CSAI, AVR cases were divided into two groups as group E-I having EF under 50% and E-II over 50%. Each group was compared concerning with the complication rate of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome (LOS) and late cardiogenic sudden death. In C-I group of AR, 55% cases accompanied with LOS, 18% died due to LOS and 18% died suddenly from late cardiogenic cause, however, none of cases in C-II group had these complications.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of the severity of mitral stenosis with reference to the prediction for mitral valve commissurotomy or replacement.

Thirty patients with mitral stenosis were classified into three grades of severity reflected by anterior mitral leaflet and subvalvular apparatus using two-dimensional echocardiography in order to study the possibility of predicting the type of surgery indicated, and were evaluated pre- and postoperatively for systolic and diastolic volumes; left heart function using left ventricular posterior wall movement (LVPWVSmax, LVPWVdmax) and posterior wall excursion (PWE) and newly devised left atrial empty volume ratio (LAEVR). The LVPWVSmax was increased from 57 +/- 7 to 74 +/- 7 mm/s (p less than 0.001) in grade I, from 48 +/- 13 to 63 +/- 9 mm/s (p less than 0.02) in grade II, and from 44 +/- 6 to 64 +/- 7 mm/s (p less than 0.001) in grade III. The LVPWVdmax showed an increase from 68 +/- 15 to 91 +/- 15 mm/s (p less than 0.001) in grade I, from 57 +/- 17 to 86 +/- 18 mm/s (p less than 0.01) in grade II, and from 55 +/- 11 to 83 +/- 6 mm/s (p less than 0.01) in grade III. In the PWE, there was an improvement from 12.4 +/- 1.6 to 15.5 +/- 2.1 mm (p less than 0.01) in grade I; from 10.5 +/- 2.0 to 12.5 +/- 1.5 mm (p less than 0.02) in grade II; and from 9.4 +/- 1.5 to 14.4 +/- 1.5 mm (p less than 0.001) in grade III. In the LAEVR, there was also an improvement from 65 +/- 12 to 39 +/- 21% (p less than 0.01) in grade I.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pathophysiology of hypertension following coronary artery bypass surgery: an experimental dog model for postoperative hypertension.

Immediate postoperative hypertension has been reported to occur during the first 3-6 h in 30%-75% of patients who have undergone aortocoronary bypass operations. Although some causes and potential predisposing factors of this type of hypertension have been cited, the mechanisms involved still remain unclear. Some studies have implicated the involvement of nerve reflexes originating from the heart, great vessels, and coronary arteries, but they do not explain the exact role of such impulses. The paucity of data in humans is, needless to say, due primarily to the invasive nature of the experimental procedure. To further our knowledge on the involvement of nerve reflexes as a factor in initiating immediate postoperative hypertension, we used a dog model and devised a modified form of surgery by inserting a soft catheter into the left coronary artery to form a stenosis; we measured several factors usually involved in hypertension. We succeeded in performing this modified form of surgery in 10 of 81 dogs. Our model showed that the mean aortic pressure significantly increased from 81 +/- 5.5 to 102 +/- 7.0 mmHg (P less than 0.05), systemic vascular resistance from 7604 +/- 833 to 9648 +/- 1101 dyn.s.cm-5 (P less than 0.05), and plasma noradrenaline levels from 0.45 +/- 0.092 to 0.51 +/- 0.087 ng/ml (P less than 0.01) immediately after restoration of blood flow to the distal area behind the stenosis. These dynamic and humoral characteristics are similar to ones documented in current clinical reports. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental animal model of hypertension after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Animals↗