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Biomedical subjects

H M Williams

Publications and source records attributed to H M Williams.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Mass reconstitution of neutral cephalothin sodium using tandem sequence filling.

A procedure is described for reconstituting and packaging neutral cephalothin sodium in large numbers of underfilled minibags for i.v. bolus administration. A special rack to hold six 20-g Keflin vials was designed for the procedure which employs an automatic pipetting device in a laminar air flow hood. A reconstitution deck and needle holder are used in the admixing stage. The minibags are frozen and later thawed prior to dispensing. The average labor and material cost (excluding drug and minibag) ranges from $0.195 to $0.124 per minibag depending on batch size. The 20-g neutral cephalothin sodium vial improves speed of reconstitution and does not require transfer into an intermediate container during the packaging cycle.

Cephalothin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Malignant melanoma.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer therapy: reimbursement of new therapeutic technologies.

New drugs and technologies for cancer treatment are being developed at a rate that has created a reimbursement crisis. This article discusses third-party concerns about this problem and describes generic criteria that have proven to be useful in assessing any new technology. It is equally important to discontinue funding of ineffective and obsolete therapies as it is to devise a strategy for identifying and encouraging the development of new therapy that will be both clinically useful and cost-effective. Examples are provided to show that these are not necessarily mutually exclusive goals. Off-label application of standard therapy as well as the funding of new cancer therapy are considered. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell support for treatment of a variety of neoplasms has become a major reimbursement challenge. Other technologies such as autolymphocyte therapy and use of colony-stimulating factors are considered in detail. Finally, a process for deciding how to fund new cancer therapy is described.

Colony-Stimulating Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Compensatory adaptation of the heart to chronic rate overload: increase in calcium transport ATPase activity of myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum.

This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that a compensatory response of the heart to a chronic and continuous, metabolic and heart rate overload was an increase in the calcium sequestering activity of the myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum. Calcium sequestering activity was estimated by determination of the calcium-dependent ATPase (Ca2+-ATPase) activity of isolated microsomes. Chronic rate overload was modelled by comparing: dysthyroid and control rats; control swine and swine with implanted cardiac pacemakers set at 180 beats/min; and different species of mammals with widely different heart rates. The myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase pump activity was significantly increased by 39% for hyperthyroid rats compared to control rats and by 87% for control rats compared to thyroidectomized rats; by 63% for paced swine compared to control swine; and by 43% for rats compared to guinea pigs, by 140% for guinea pigs compared to dogs and by 120% for dogs compared to cows. These data indicate that calcium sequestering activity of myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum increases in equivalent proportion to the chronotropic demand and that heart rate is a hemodynamic correlate of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antiemetic efficacy of prochlorperazine, haloperidol, and droperidol in cisplatin-induced emesis.

The antiemetic efficacy of haloperidol, droperidol, and prochlorperazine in preventing cisplatin-induced emesis was evaluated. Twenty-seven patients receiving 51 courses of cisplatin chemotherapy randomly received antiemetic treatment with prochlorperazine (6 mg/sq m), droperidol (1 mg/sq m), or haloperidol (1 mg/sq m) in a double-blind crossover study. Antiemetics were given by intramuscular injection one hour before beginning cisplatin and every three hours thereafter for a total of six doses. The number of emetic episodes, volume of emesis, and duration of the emetic episodes were monitored by oncology nurses. There were no significant differences in the median number of emetic episodes among antiemetic treatments: 3.5 for prochlorperazine, 4.0 for haloperidol, and 3.0 for droperidol. There were also no significant differences among the antiemetics in the median volume of emesis or the median duration of the emetic episodes. At the doses used in this study, the antiemetic efficacy of prochlorperazine, droperidol, and haloperidol appear to be comparable for patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy.

Aged↗