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Biomedical subjects

H M Solomon

Publications and source records attributed to H M Solomon.

102 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of prazosin on sperm transport in male rats.

Our objective was to investigate ejaculation and transport of sperm in the reproductive tract of male rats treated with an alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Males were dosed (s.c.) with vehicle or 1.4 mg/kg prazosin. Sperm recovered in utero and ex vivo from the vas deferens and cauda epididymis were evaluated. Mating behavior and sperm motility were unaffected by prazosin. Prazosin treated males ejaculated fewer sperm (12.58 +/- 8.12 vs. 110.5 +/- 29.15 million), and the distal vas deferens contained fewer sperm (2.72 +/- 0.84 vs. 24.42 +/- 3.25 million) relative to controls. Prazosin-treated males had more sperm in the cauda epididymis relative to controls indicating inhibition of sperm transport to the vas deferens. These data demonstrate that inhibition of sperm transport from the cauda epididymis to the distal vas deferens is related to low ejaculate sperm counts in prazosin treated rats.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of capillary tube diameter on microhematocrit value.

Changes in percentages of donor deferrals associated with changes in the capillary tube size used for microhematocrit determinations led us to study the variables which influence microhematocrit values. Duplicate microhematocrit determinations were performed on a normal donor population with capillary tubes of different diameter, as well as with different anticoagulants, sample sites, centrifugation times, and degrees of operator skill. Microhematocrit values varied directly with capillary tube diameter over the range of diameters tested, and varied independently of sample site, centrifugation time, anticoagulant, and operator. The magnitude of the difference in microhematocrit values between small and large capillary tubes was approximately one volume percent in the microhematocrit range. Although differences of this magnitude are without clinical significance, they can be of substantial importance in attempts to minimize donor deferrals in a blood center. In our center, increasing the diameter of the capillary tube used for the microhematocrit determination allowed the collection of 6500 additional units of blood annually, or an approximate 3.5 percent increase in total collections.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

PAPNET testing for HSILs. The few cell/small cell challenge.

OBJECTIVE: To define and evaluate the effectiveness of the PAPNET Testing System for high grade squamous cervical intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). STUDY DESIGN: The literature was reviewed, defining the "few cell/small cell challenge" associated with HSIL. Several recently published investigations demonstrate the effectiveness of PAPNET testing, especially the effectiveness of PAPNET testing in reducing false negatives for these lesions. RESULTS: The results of several independent investigations demonstrate that the PAPNET Testing System is sensitive to the types of abnormalities typically not detected by conventional screening (e.g., abnormal cells that are small and few in number). In clinical practice, the PAPNET Testing System is effective in reducing false negatives. CONCLUSION: The PAPNET Testing System helps solve the "unfortunate paradox of Pap smear diagnosis," as noted by DeMay, that high grade serious lesions may be more difficult to detect and diagnose by cytology than low grade lesions, which are clinically less significant and often regress without therapy. The accuracy of detection of HSIL is improved with the PAPNET Testing System.

Automation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclosporine-cimetidine interaction.

Cyclosporine (CsA) is used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is extensively metabolized in the liver by the mixed function oxidase enzyme system by demethylation and hydroxylation. Since cimetidine is a widely prescribed H2 antagonist drug which is known to inhibit the P-450 enzyme system, we studied the effect of chronic treatment with cimetidine on CsA by determining the disposition of CsA (15 mg/kg, iv), prior to and after chronic treatment with cimetidine (60 mg/kg, po), for 5 days. CsA was determined by an HPLC procedure. The clearance (Cl) of CsA was significantly reduced following treatment with cimetidine when compared to the Cl value obtained in the control group (15.46 versus 10.36 ml/min/kg). There were no significant changes in the volume of distribution of CsA, one reason being that cimetidine and cyclosporine bind to different proteins. From the results obtained, we conclude that since cimetidine is an inhibitor of the mixed function oxidase system enzyme system, it inhibits the metabolism of CsA.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclosporine-phenytoin interaction.

Cyclosporine (CsA), an immunosuppressant, is used widely to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is extensively metabolized in the liver by hydroxylation and demethylation. Since phenytoin is used extensively post-transplant as an anti-convulsant, we studied the effect of chronic treatment with phenytoin on CsA by determining the disposition of CsA, prior to and after chronic treatment with phenytoin (30 mg/kg, po) for 5 days. CsA was analyzed by HPLC. The clearance (CL) of CsA was significantly enhanced following treatment with phenytoin when compared to the CL values obtained pretreatment (15.46 +/- 0.76 vs. 25.3 +/- 3.11 ml/min/kg). There were no significant changes in the volume of distribution of CsA. From the above data, we conclude that phenytoin probably induces the metabolism of CsA.

Animals↗