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Biomedical subjects

H M Pollack

Publications and source records attributed to H M Pollack.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Negative cystography with bladder rupture: presentation of 2 cases and review of the literature.

Cystography is commonly thought to be the sine qua non in the diagnosis of perforation or rupture of the bladder. Recently, we encountered 2 cases of bladder rupture discovered at subsequent exploration in which preoperative cystography had been negative. The reasons for these negative radiographic findings in light of a non-intact bladder are discussed and a technique for cystography is suggested that will reveal disruptions of the bladder with greater certainty.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Gray-scale sonographic spectrum of hypernephromas.

The sonographic appearances of 43 proved hypernephromas was characterized and correlated with the angiographic and pathologic features. This report details the findings and emphasizes the criteria for recognizing poorly echogenic tumors, which may be confused with cysts. A diagnostic dilemma may be posed by these tumors, particularly if angiography shows no evidence of tumor neovascularity. The end point in diagnostic work-up of these tumors must be based upon a correlative approach utilizing the clinical, urographic, sonographic, and angiographic data.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Nonvisualized ("phantom") renal calyx: causes and radiological approach to diagnosis.

A calyx which fails completely to opacify on excretory urography (phantom calyx) is often the harbinger of serious underlying renal disease. Causes of a phantom calyx include tuberculosis, tumor, calculus, ischemia, trauma, and congenital anomaly. The pathologic basis for the radiographic findings in each of these entities is described and an overall approach to diagnosis is set forth.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasonic differentiation of renal pelvic filling defects.

We herein describe 9 patients with non-opaque calculi and 3 patients with soft tissue filling defects in the renal pelvis studied by ultrasound. The calculi varied in size from 1.5 cm. to staghorn calculi. All stones were imaged satisfactorily by ultrasound, allowing the diagnosis of stone to be made with confidence. Ultrasonic differentiation of renal pelvic filling defects proved to be a simple, reliable, non-invasive method to differentiate these clinically perplexing lesions.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

Applications of thin needle aspiration biopsy in urology.

Percutaneous thin needle aspiration biopsy was done on 34 patients for better staging of malignant disease by study of opacified lymph nodes, on 12 patients to eliminate the possibility of a malignant etiology of ureteral obstruction and on 7 patients with potentially metastatic soft tissue or visceral lesions. Ideally, a positive biopsy should change subsequent patient management and may eliminate the need for an exploratory operation. A significant number of falsely negative results occur and, for this reason, a negative biopsy should not affect subsequent patient management.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1979

Fibrous ureteral polyps.

Twelve cases of fibrous ureteral polyps are presented, illustrating their characteristic radiographic appearances. Two types--a long pedunculated mobile variety having a smooth surface, and a relatively shorter lesion covered with thin, finger-like projections--may be identified. Demonstration of the typical findings on excretory urography and/or retrograde ureterography establishes the diagnosis and permits surgical conservatism. Although no sex preponderance was noted, a wide sex-related age disparity was observed, the involved males being much younger than the females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Renal duplication with a diminutive lower pole: the Nubbin sign.

Eight patients with a duplex kidney demonstrated severe attenuation of parenchyma in the lower pole. The radiographic appearance of a diminutive lower collecting system indicated the proper diagnosis when there was sufficient parenchyma for visualization. Parenchymal attenuation may represent either hypoplasia or inflammatory atrophy. Whichever the cause, it is important that the diminutive lower pole not be mistaken for a renal mass, extrinsic tumor, renal infarction, or a postoperative change.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Simple serous cysts of the kidney in children.

Simple renal cysts and reported in 9 children. Two children presented with hematuria following trauma and the cyst was demonstrated on the initial excretory urogram. The other 7 had cysts found on excretory urograms in be course of evaluation of various urologic complaints. The diagnostic approach used was identical to that advocated for adults, namely, percutaneous needle puncture once a solid renal mass has been excluded by an appropriate screening procedure such as ultrasonography. These cysts are benign lesions similar to cysts in adults and are probably more common than the few reported cases would suggest.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasonic assessment of renal transitional cell carcinoma: preliminary report.

The value of ultrasound in determining the etiology of nonopaque filling defects seen in the renal pelvis at intravenous urography is under study. The ultrasound findings in three patients with proven transitional cell carcinoma of the kidney were similar and consisted of separation of the central renal echo complex by a region of low-intensity echoes. This pattern is distinct from characteristically echogenic nonopaque renal calculi and anechoic hydronephrosis. Renal collecting system blood clots may have an echo pattern similar to collecting system tumors, but can usually be distinguished by their mobility and transitory nature. Further investigation into the specificity and sensitivity of the ultrasonic diagnosis of renal collecting system masses is underway.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Urethrographic manifestations of venereal warts (condyloma acuminata).

Intraurethral spread of venereal warts is a serious complication. Urethral involvement may be extensive and is associated with severe irritative symptoms. Spread to the bladder is possible. Recurrence are frequent and eradication difficult. We describe the urethrographic appearance of intraurethral verrucae and believe it to be strongly suggestive of the diagnosis. Voiding cystourethrography is recommended, and satisfactory visualization may be obtained with either voiding or retrograde urethrography. Voiding urethrography following intravenously administered contrast (excretory voiding cystourethrography) is particularly advantageous since it avoids the need for urethral instrumentation and, therefore, cannot contribute to retrograde spread of these contagious growths.

Condylomata Acuminata↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasonic detection of nonopaque renal calculi.

Four patients with 5 nonopaque renal calculi composed of uric acid were examined by ultrasound. The calculi varied in size from a 1.5 X 1.5-cm intrapelvic stone to a staghorn calculus measuring 4 cm. All stones were satisfactorily imaged by ultrasound, allowing a diagnosis of nephrolithiasis to be made with confidence in each case. In 2 patients with poor excretion on urography, the diagnosis was not suspected prior to the ultrasound examination. The authors feel that ultrasound has great potential value in the investigation of nonopaque filling defects of the renal pelvis and in patients with urographic nonvisualization who have a high risk of uric acid lithiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Radiographic features of ureteral endometriosis.

The urographic findings in seven patients with ureteral endometriosis were reviewed. These consisted of short strictures (0.5-2.2 cm) located for the most part in that portion of the pelvic ureter projected within 3 cm of the inferior margin of the sacroiliac joint. Although the appearance is judged to be nonspecific, the diagnosis of ureteral endometriosis should be considered in any female patient of child-bearing age who has obstructive uropathy attributable to extrinsic obstruction of the pelvic portion of the ureter.

Adult↗