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Biomedical subjects

H M Jenkins

Publications and source records attributed to H M Jenkins.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Ethical dimensions of leadership in community health nursing.

This article deals with ethical leadership. Community health nurse (CHN) leaders are confronted with ethical problems in increasing numbers and complexity. To deal successfully with these dilemmas, nurse leaders must be aware of leadership qualities, know the ethical obligations of leaders, and use actions that produce the best decisions in tough financial times. The main purpose of the article is to present several helpful strategies for CHN leaders to use for ethical decision making. Types of ethical decisions that nurse leaders make are given. Six recommendations for action to be taken for ethical decisions in today's changing health-care climate are explored.

Beneficence↗
PubMed1986

Can fetal electrocardiography improve the prediction of intrapartum fetal acidosis?

An outline is given of a computer-based system which continuously enhances and measures the waveform of the intrapartum fetal electrocardiogram. This system has been used to examine the behaviour of the ST segment and T wave in a group of 14 fetuses where the outcome was biochemically and clinically normal, and in a group of 10 fetuses which were acidotic at birth. When the mean values in each group were compared, highly significant differences were found for both of these components of the waveform. These differences have also been demonstrated by the analysis of long-term trends in the behaviour of these variables. The highly significant correlation between both a long-term increase in ST segment and T wave height and fetal acidosis, found in this study, reflects earlier work by others in the experimental animal fetus. The findings suggest that continuous monitoring of the waveform of the fetal electrocardiogram in labour may give a much better prediction of fetal acidosis than is currently achieved with the monitoring of heart rate alone.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1986

Technical progress in fetal electrocardiography--a review.

The fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) was first demonstrated 80 years ago, but initial progress in research into the subject was slow and limited by the technical equipment available. As improved amplifiers became available, the detection of the waveform became easier, but observation of waveform morphology was still difficult because of background noise. The signal-to-noise ratio of the original FECG waveform was improved considerably with the use of directly applied fetal electrodes, and the development of digital computer techniques has allowed signal enhancement. It is now possible to monitor the FECG waveform continuously in labor and reliably produce waveforms with all of the components clearly defined.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1985

Improving clinical decision making in nursing.

This article describes the need for effective clinical decision making among nurses. The author believes that responses to the need should begin at the educational level, and offers some thoughts to nurse educators for improvement. Exploring the theory base for decision making with students and coordinating teaching-learning strategies with real opportunities in clinical settings are some of the suggestions made. Nurse educators are urged to encourage competency in decision making and to become role models for others.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1973

The form of the auto-shaped response with food or water reinforcers.

The relation between the form of auto-shaped responses to the lighting of a key and the consummatory responses of pecking grain and drinking water was examined in pigeons. Responses on the key were analyzed by means of high-speed photography, recordings of the force of contact, and judges' ratings of response-form based on film and videotape recordings. The first experiment showed that food-deprived birds presented grain as a reinforcer responded on the key with a grain-pecking movement, while water-deprived birds presented water as a reinforcer responded with drinking-like movements. The second and third experiments showed that the resemblance between auto-shaped and consummatory responses does not require the dominance of the deprivational state appropriate to the reinforcer. Changing the dominant state of deprivation did not immediately change the form of the key response, and in subjects simultaneously deprived of food and water, the form of response depended on the reinforcer. In the fourth and fifth experiments, subjects simultaneously deprived of food and water received one stimulus signalling food and another signalling water in a random series. In most subjects, the response to each stimulus resembled the consummatory response to the particular reinforcer that was signalled by the stimulus. This result demonstrates the role of association between a stimulus and a reinforcer in producing a resemblance of the auto-shaped response to the consummatory response.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A survey of pediatric discharge educational programs in North American burn units.

In this study we contacted all of the 149 major North American burn facilities that treat children. The survey determined topics covered in discharge teaching, personnel administering the programs, methods used, and obstacles encountered. The subjects addressed and the personnel involved have changed little from a decade ago. Unfortunately, one fourth of the centers still do not deal with emotional aspects of burns in their discharge programs. For program delivery, videotape is becoming an increasingly accepted teaching method. Eighty-five percent of burn facilities experienced barriers to patient education at discharge, with more than half reporting three or more difficulties. The most common difficulty was time constraints (50%), followed by language and sociocultural barriers (41%), lack of receptivity by clientele (39%), lack of educational materials and planning (26%), and inadequate funding (25%). Some of these problems might be alleviated by the establishment of a clearinghouse for burn educational materials.

Adolescent↗