[Clinical trial of a pediatric oral sustained-release theophylline preparation].
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Administration, Oral↗
Biomedical subjects
H M Grubbauer
Publications and source records attributed to H M Grubbauer.
[Risk factors in suppurative meningitis in children (author's transl)].
Retrospective studies of the case histories of 237 children suffering from bacterial meningitis at the department of pediatrics, university of Graz, show the significant difference between cured, deceased and children with permanent sequels. The risk factors for the fatal outcome of meningitis were: age (less than 1 year), bacteria (pneumococcus), concomitant disease (pneumonia), low initial white cell count in the blood (less than or equal to 5000/cmm) as well as in cerebrospinal fluid (less than or equal to 4000/cmm), high cerebrospinal fluid protein (greater than or equal to 336 mg%) and a high bacterial inoculum (greater than or equal to 10(7) CFU/cmm). With all these risk factors at the time of diagnosis of purulent meningitis the chance for recovery is poor.
Age Factors↗
[External ventricular drainage: a possible method of treating cerebrospinal shunt infections and ventriculitis (author's transl)].
Infectious complications of hydrocephalus shunts are serious problems. A possible method of treating such infections is by external ventricular drainage (EVD). 20 patients - 17 with infected shunts, 3 with neonatal meningitis, ventriculitis and subsequent hydrocephalus - were treated by EVD and the results are presented in this report. The advantages of the procedure are control of the intraventricular pressure to bring it within normal limits and the possibility of intraventricular antibiotic instillation to supplement systemic therapy. Furthermore, the optimal operation time for the definitive shunt can be assessed by EVD once the infection has been overcome.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗
[Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome in Austria. Four cases with one fatal outcome. 2. Pathological findings].
First pathoanatomic case report of mucocutaneous lymph-node syndrome (MCLS) from Austria: A 3 1/2 year old boy was admitted to the Pediatric Department with a six day history of fever and bilateral conjunctivitis. He showed a maculous exanthema, red and fissuring lips, reddened tonsils and a coated tongue. Submandibular lymph nodes were swollen (1 cm diameter); ESR 128/138; peripheral leukocytosis 17 x 10(9)/l. On the tenth day of illness membranous desquamation from the fingertips and a strawberry tongue was observed. The ECG showed a myocardial infarction in the apical portion of the left ventricle. The boy died on the 25th day of illness. Pathological findings were found predominantly in the heart: Coronary arteries showed fibrous thickening of intimal layer, focal destruction of elastic membrane and aneurysms in both arteries. The aneurysm in the descending branch of the left coronary artery was 15 mm long and had a maximum diameter of 8 mm. It was completely occluded by a thrombus. Recurring anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Other investigated arteries were not affected. Tonsils as well as (paratracheal and parapancreatic) lymph-nodes showed a few ceroid pigment containing histiocytes.
Aneurysm↗
[Influenzae type B infections. Quick identification by countercurrent-immuno-electrophoresis (author's transl)].
Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) was performed in 16 patients with Haemophilus influenzae type b infection. Compared with the conventional methods CIE is a more accurate and rapid diagnostic tool. Even in patients already receiving antibiotics bacterial antigen can be detected by CIE in a high percentage. The methods are uncomplicated, inexpensive and possible to perform in any laboratory.
Child↗
[Chest physiotherapy in childhood respiratory disorders (author's transl)].
The effect of chest physiotherapy in the treatment of pediatric pulmonary disorders was evaluated for one year by means of a specially devised progress chart. A high percentage of atelectases was successfully reopened. The right upper lobe was most frequently involved, followed by the left upper, right lower and left lower lobe. The incidence of postextubation atelectasis in neonates with hyaline membrane disease was significantly lower when chest physiotherapy was commenced before extubation. The value of chest physiotherapy in chronic respiratory disorders remains uncertain, whereas it does constitute an essential part of therapy in acute conditions.
Bronchiectasis↗
Peritoneal dialysis in alcohol intoxication in a child.
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Alcoholic Intoxication↗
[Spinal fluid lysozyme levels in childhood meningitis (author's transl)].
Lysozyme was determined with a turbidimetric assay in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. There were 17 children without CNS-disease, 30 patients with viral meningitis, 5 patients with encephalitis, 3 with symphatetic meningitis, 3 with Guillain Barré syndrome, 25 children with bacterial meningitis, 1 patient with tuberculous meningitis and two with intracranial tumors. The lysozyme level was below 0.5 microgram Hl/ml in patients without CNS-disease, in viral and symphatetic meningitis, Guillain Barré syndrome and encephalitis. Elevated lysozyme levels were found in bacterial meningitis, in the one case with tuberculous meningitis and in brain tumors (Ependymoma and Medulloblastoma). In our opinion the lysozyme level is a valuable aid in the differentiation of viral meningitis to bacterial meningitis.
Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
[Isolated endocarditis of the tricuspid valve in early infancy].
A newborn baby is admitted in the second week of life with osteomyelitis and septicemia due to Staph. aureus infection. In his tenth week of life--the osteomyelitis nearly overcome--the infant shows signs of heart failure with a murmur and cyanosis. Cardiac catheterization reveals tricuspid insufficiency and thrombosis of the right pulmonary artery. Postmortem examination shows isolated polypous endocarditis of the tricuspid valve together with thrombosis of the right and recent embolus of the left pulmonary artery. A similar case has to the best of our knowledge not been described.
Endocarditis↗
[Acute poisoning with green beans (phaseolus vulgaris and phaseolus coccineus) (author's transl)].
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Child↗
[Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome in Austria -- Report of four cases; one with cardiac arrest. First of two parts: clinical observations (author's transl)].
Since October 1978, four cases of mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, a disease previously not yet described in our country were observed in our childrens hospital. This particular disease has been described quite frequently in Japan since 1967. It has a characteristic manifestation being mostly benign and self limited. In a few cases however acute cardiac arrest has been described. The first case we observed expired as a result of acute coronary infarction on the twentyfifth day of illness although clinical improvement had been previously noted. At post mortem examination the coronary arteries showed changes consistent with arteriitis. The following three cases presented the more typical benign course of this disease one of them with deformities of the coronary arteries. The clinical synopsis describes the above mentioned cases.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
[Congenital atrial flutter with hydrops fetalis caused by tocolytic therapy (author's transl)].
A 31-year-old healthy woman received Ritodrine (Pre-Par) from the 26th week of gestation because of twin pregnancy. Three weeks before birth continous intravenous medication with the same drug was commenced because of premature uterine contractions. Five days later a heart rate of over 200/minute was noted in one of the twins. This tachycardia persisted until birth while the heart rate of the other twin remained normal. At 33 weeks monozygotic female twins were delivered after artifical rupture of membranes. One twin was normal, birth weight 1.6 kg. The other baby showed persistent atrial flutter, was hydropic (weight 2.75 kg) and suffered from gross cardiac failure. Atrial flutter was converted to sinus rhythm one hour after birth by DC-countershock. Digoxin was commenced, the child rapidly improved and now still remains in sinus rhythm six month later.
Atrial Flutter↗
[The occurrence of nappy rash at a children's hospital and its treatment with Canesten (author's transl)].
An unselected, mycologically-controlled trial was conducted at the University Children's Hospital of Graz on the treatment of nappy rash by the topical application of Canesten (clotrimazole), a broad-spectrum mycotic in the form of a 1% cream. 56 children, ranging in age from 3 weeks to 41/2 years, were treated for thrush, principally located in the genital area. Only some of the children were admitted primarily on account of the oral and/or perianal moniliasis. The majority of the children were hospitalized for some other reason and thrush was diagnosed as an accompanying condition. Candida albicans proved to be the most frequent pathogenic organism. The results of therapy were judged according to mycological and clinical criteria. The mycological findings became negative in 54 out of the 56 children. Clinical improvement was apparent in all cases between the 5th and 10th day of therapy; complete recovery occurred between the 5th and 25th day, depending on the extent and localization of the moniliasis. One child showed improvement in, but not recovery from the disease, because therapy was interrupted on premature discharge from hospital. Therapy was unsuccessful in the remaining child, although slight improvement occurred. Tolerance was good in all patients on application of Canesten cream thrice daily.
Administration, Topical↗
["Late onset disease" (congenital german measles) (author's transl)].
The paper reports on a case of "late onset disease" (congenital German measles). Diagnostically significant for this disease in an infant appearing perfectly healthy when new-born, were mainly the findings of an interstitial pneumonia, hepatosplenomegaly, as well as findings indicating the presence of a meningoencephalitis and retinopathy. The diagnosis of this rare course of congenital German measles was finally established via the identification of specific IgM rubeola antibodies, of a raised hemagglutination inhibition titer, and of the German measles virus itself. An attempt to treat the interstitial pneumonia with cortisone preparations remained unsuccessful. The clinical and diagnostic problem complexes are discussed briefly.
Antibodies, Viral↗
[Results of nasotracheal intubation in acute epiglottitis (author's transl)].
20 of 34 patients with acute epiglottitis were treated with nasotracheal intubation. One patient died because of pneumonia, one patient was clinically dead when he arrived at hospital. After successful reanimation she died some hours later. All other patients left the hospital without any symptoms after an average stay of 12 days. The average duration of nasotracheal intubation was 39 hours. Nasotracheal intubation and adequate antibiotic therapy offer the most effective and secure approach to acute epiglottitis. A protocol for diagnostic and therapeutic regimen is presented.
Acute Disease↗
[Silver-Russell syndrome with panhypopituitarism (author's transl)].
This is a report on a 14 years old boy suffering from the unusual combination of Silver-Russell syndrome with panhypopituitarism. The Silver-Russell syndrome is a special form of primordial dwarfism characterised by congenital asymmetry, craniofacial dysmorphy and other anomalies. Its cause is unknown, intrauterine noxes and genetical factors are discussed. In the most cases results of hormone determinations are normal, but also cases with elevated or very low hormone levels were published. This is the first report about a Silver-Russell syndrome combined with panhypopituitarism.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗