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Biomedical subjects

H M Anthony

Publications and source records attributed to H M Anthony.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Food intolerance.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Food Hypersensitivity↗
PubMed1982

Severe hypovitaminosis C in lung-cancer patients: the utilization of vitamin C in surgical repair and lymphocyte-related host resistance.

Plasma and buffy-coat vitamin C were estimated in 158 samples from 139 lung-cancer patients, at all stages of the disease. Most samples showed hypovitaminosis C in both estimations: 64% had plasma, and 25% buffy-coat values below the thresholds for incipient clinical scurvy (0.3 mg% and 10 micrograms/10(8) cells respectively). Levels were diet-dependent and could be increased by oral supplements. Levels were low both in tumour-bearing patients and in those clinically free of disease after resection. The latter had particularly low values during the first 6 months, indicating the utilization of vitamin C in surgical repair. The vitamin C content of 13 primary lung tumours was assayed: tumours had a higher vitamin C content (mean 111.6 +/- 55.1 micrograms/g tissue) than normal lung (58.5 +/- 20.4 micrograms/g). Mononuclear cells from normal individuals show a higher vitamin C content than polymorphs, but in lung-cancer patients the expected correlation of buffy-coat vitamin C with the proportion of lymphocytes in peripheral blood was obscured by an inverse correlation in patients with relative lymphocytosis (greater than or equal to 25% lymphocytes), confirmed by an inverse correlation of the proportion of lymphocytes in peripheral blood with mononuclear-cell vitamin C in 14 patients in whom this was measured. These correlations were unaffected by controlling for plasma values, and indicate the utilization of vitamin C in lymphocyte-related anti-tumour mechanisms. Vitamin C is necessary for phagocytosis and for the expression of cell-mediated immunity. In view of the increasing circumstantial evidence that immune mechanisms exert some measure of control on tumour extension and metastasis in man, the effect of supplementation with vitamin C in lung-cancer patients on survival should be tested in a clinical trial.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Blood basophils in lung cancer.

Peripheral-blood basophils were counted, in thick smears, in samples from patients with primary bronchial carcinoma, from patients in the same wards and from normal individuals. The median counts for patients with other chest conditions (15.5/microliter) and bronchial-carcinoma patients free of tumour months to years after resection (16/microliter) did not differ from those for normal individuals (19/microliter), but tumour-bearers showed higher counts (median 33/microliter), 24/41 having counts above the highest count in normal individuals (29/microliter): P less than 0.002). The highest values were in patients with squamous bronchial carcinoma, apparently reflecting spontaneous challenge of an anti-tumour immune response. In those tested at the time of diagnosis, higher values in both lymphocyte and basophil counts were related to surgical resectability.

Basophils↗
PubMed1982

Drugs in the aetiology of cancer: a retrospective study.

A retrospective study of the history of drug use in cancer patients, conducted in general practice and involving 972 patients, has suggested that concurrent treatment with barbiturates and benzodiazepines may involve a cancer risk. Concurrent usage of other drugs with barbiturates was investigated because barbiturates have been reported to alter the handling of other drugs by liver microsomes and to interact with chemical carcinogens in experimental animal systems. If the risk has a basis in fact, it may lie behind the recent report of a small cancer risk associated with barbiturate treatment, in a prospective study based on computerized prescription information in a defined population, raising the hope that our finding can be tested in a larger study. A possible risk associated with prolonged treatment with cortisone related drugs could not be excluded. Four per cent of the cancer patients had tumours at sites consistent with reported occupational hazards and a further 4% suspected site-hazard associations. Occupation and smoking did not contribute to the drug associations noted. Entry of cancer patients from general practice gave a true sample of cancer patients in the area, judged by the distributions of age, sex, marital status and cancer site. Choice of controls from consultations for a new complaint resulted in a group showing deviation in the types of patient similar to those reported for consultations in general practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Lung cancer, immune status, histopathology and smoking. Is oat cell carcinoma lymphodependent?

Life table analysis and partial correlation analysis have been used to examine the importance and interaction of those factors reported to affect prognosis in lung cancer, in a group of men taking part in a recent trial (Anthony et al. 1978). In patients with squamous carcinoma the lymphocyte count at diagnosis was a genuine correlate of survival, those with higher counts living longer. Patients who had smoked more heavily were younger when their tumours were found, had better differentiated carcinomas and longer survival. Those with poorer differentiation had weaker skin test reactivity but the expected shorter survival was seen only when controls for symptom pattern history and resectability were applied. These data could be explained by control of tumour extension by cell-mediated immunity, earlier induction of better differentiated tumours in heavier smokers, more insidious onset of symptoms in those with better differentiated tumours and the depression of cell-mediated immunity by poorly differentiated tumours. In contrast, the longer survivors among patients with oat cell carcinoma had lower lymphocyte and monocyte counts at the time of diagnosis. Lymphocyte and monocyte counts contributed independently to survival in keeping with oat cell carcinoma being lymphodependent (Prehn 1977) and resistant to immune cytolysis.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Levamisole and surgery in bronchial carcinoma patients: increase in deaths from cardiorespiratory failure.

Life table analysis of early entry to this randomised blind trial of 318 patients has shown a significantly poorer survival for resected lung cancer patients treated with levamisole for three days before operation and three days a fortnight thereafter than for placebo-treated controls. This excess was largely due to deaths that had been attributed to operation or other causes (non-cancer deaths), most occurring in the six weeks after operation. In the 99 resected patients treated with levamisole there was a 15% excess of deaths in this category, compared with the placebo-treated controls. Extensive analysis excluded maldistribution of patients between the groups as a cause of this difference. Many more died in respiratory distress, mostly without clear cause, in the levamisole group. Antibody (lgG) reacting with myocardial sarcolemma or sarcoplasm was found in the only serum samples available for testing which were drawn from patients during the syndrome. The findings are in keeping with a primary effect on the heart, possibly involving an autoimmune mechanism. The effect has not been noted in other trials.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

A stratified randomized study of intradermal BCG in patients with carcinoma of the bronchus: prolongation of quality but not length of life in inoperable patients.

This paper reports the results of a stratified, randomized trial of monthly intradermal injections of Glaxo BCG in addition to conventional therapy (surgery, radiotherapy or no treatment) in a consecutive series of 75 men with confirmed bronchial carcinoma. BCG treatment did not significantly prolong survival but had consistenly more effect in prolonging the period in good general condition and in "acceptable" clinical condition. These were significantly prolonged among the BCG patients (all histopathologies) treated with a full course of radiotherapy (p = 0.01, p = 0.005) and among the 43 patients with squamous carcinoma after adjustment for treatment and general prognostic factors (ratio of observed to expected deaths (O/E) for BCG 0.65, P = 0.025). There was a tendency for BCG patients with oat cell carcinoma to survive less well than controls (O/E for BCG 1.40 not significant). Within comparable groups of patients with squamous carcinoma the delay in decline of general condition was accompanied by reduced weight loss.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Assay of human lymphokines in vitro. Evidence for a migration stimulation factor (MStF) which interferes with the macrophage migration inhibition assay.

When cultured in vitro, human lymphocytes produced a range of materials which were able to reduce the migration inhibitory effect of human macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) and in some cases stimulated macrophage migration to greater than control levels. In addition, lymphocytes stimulated with antigen or mitogen produced a lymphokine-like migration stimulation "factor". Detectable production of this factor occurred 24--48 h after antigen stimulation. The migration stimulation factor (MStF) (MW 50-250,000; pI 6-5) was not chemotactic and could be separated from migration inhibition and chemotactic factors by chromatography and iso-electric focussing.

Cell Migration Inhibition↗
PubMed1976

Age-specific incidence of cancer of the endometrium, ovary and breast in the United Kingdom and the United States.

The published data for overall cancer incidence for the registries of Birmingham (UK) and Connecticut (US) show remarkable similarity for men but diverge for women. The incidence of cancer of the endometrium, ovary and breast in Connecticut is higher than in Birmingham, and in each case the menopausal dislocation in the age-specific incidence plot of the Birmingham data is obscured in that for Connecticut. For endometrial cancer, the difference correlates with differences in the two countries in the use of oestrogen replacement therapy, recently implicated in the aetiology of endometrial cancer. The similarity in the pattern for ovarian and breast cancer, and the changing pattern of breast cancer incidence in Birmingham suggest a similar aetiological effect.

Adult↗