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Biomedical subjects

H Ludwig

Publications and source records attributed to H Ludwig.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Determination of the tumor cell mass and its significance as a parameter for prognosis and therapy in patients with multiple myeloma].

In 19 patients with multiple myeloma tumor cell mass was determined. In addition the influence of tumor cell number on certain clinical parameters as well as on survival time has been analysed. In some patients the behaviour of tumor cell number in the course of different therapeutic regimen was studied. A close correlation between tumor cell mass on the one side and certain clinical parameters as well es more objective rationale for planning further therapy regimen can be obtained with the application of this method.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1977

Demonstration of specific antibodies in the central nervous system of horses naturally infected with Borna disease virus.

From 18 horses with clinical symptoms of an affection of the central nervous system and with histopathologic alterations in the brain, four were demonstrated to have Bornavirus-specific antibodies. The antibodies are monospecific, recognizing identical antigens from infected brains of different animal species as well as from persistently infected tissue culture cells. Discrete immunoglobulin species (oligoclonal IgG) can be demonstrated in concentrated horse cerebrospinal fluid; they carry Bornavirus antibody specificity. Their presence, together with the higher antibody titers in the cerebrospinal fluid as compared to those in the serum, indicate that in these natural Bornavirus infections local antibody production occurred in the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A reflection on the oxygen diffusion of the terminal villus of the human placenta (author's transl).

By using a simple model, transformed to cartesian coordinates, we examined the behavior of the fetal and maternal oxygen partial pressure on the terminal villus of the human placenta during a constant arteriovenous oxygen difference. For this purpose we divided the flow length of the cotyledon in central and a peripheral part. We found that the oxygen exchange takes place at a lower utero-umbilical oxygen pressure gradient it the reduction of the maternal blood flow velocity amounts to 30% of the normal value and if the diffusion distance is doubled. However under these circumstances a sufficient the oxygen supply of the fetal organism. This is the case with the total flow length of a single cotyledon, but some of the terminal villi in the periphery of the cotyledon, could receive at the same time a diminished oxygen supply leading to degenerative cell changes. At a progression of these morphological changes or during labor the oxygen transport can get insufficient.

Chorionic Villi↗
PubMed1977

[Islet-cell antibodies in juvenile diabetes mellitus (author's transl)].

Islet-cell antibodies were detected in 11 of the 67 patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus. These antibodies reacted with all endocrine-islet cells, although higher serum dilutions and different staining intensity of the various islet cells were noted. Antibody formation to islet antigens was found to be closely associated with HLA B8 (P = 0.03). However, there was no relationship between islet-cell antibody production and insulin antibody formation. The demonstration of pancreatic islet-cell antibodies, particularly in HLA B8-positive juvenile diabetics, constitutes further circumstantial evidence of a genetically determined auto-immune pathogenesis in some patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[A mathematical model for the description of oxygen-diffusion in the intervillous space of the human placenta (author's transl)].

The oxygen consumption has a central place in the complicated interaction between diminished oxygen supply and degenerative trophoblastic tissue change. In the present investigation, that serves as a mathematical model, the problem of the diffusion equation for the constant state is discussed and solved. It is shown that the diminishing of length of the radius of the maternal blood compartment has the same meaning as the decrease in the flow velocity. The influence of the mass transfer coefficient h on the oxygen partial pressure and on the oxygen transfer is investigated. The influence of parameter variations on the placental alterations during toxemia is discussed and their clinical importance is obvious. Our theoretical model elusidates the value of an early therapeutical approach in the case of toxemia.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1977

[Ovarian carcinoma].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1977

Immunoprecipitation of herpes simplex virus type 1 antigens with different antisera and human cerebrospinal fluids.

Rabbit convalescent and hyperimmune sera, human patient and blood donor sera, as well as cerebrospinal fluids of humans with herpes simplex virus encephalitis all recognize similar major antigenic components in herpes simplex virus infected rabbit or human cells as shown by electrophoretic analysis of immunoprecipitates. Besides the main glycoproteins with an apparent molecular weight of 100,000 (peak I) the antisera precipitate glycoproteins in a region of an apparent mol. wt. of 60,000--80,000 (peak II), which were resolved into distinct glycoprotein species only by antibody-containing cerebrospinal fluids. The peak II glycoproteins appear on the surface of the infected cell early, and absorb neutralizing antibodies, whereas the peak I glycoproteins are less accessible. Both antigens can be demonstrated in the cell as early as about 2 hours post infection. All major antigenic components studied were found to be glycosylated except one protein with an apparent mol. wt. of 110,000. The herpesvirus specificity of these antigens is demonstrated by a variety of control experiments. The antigens detected are virion components.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits infected with Borna disease virus.

Rabbits were inoculated intracerebrally with Borna disease virus infected brain suspension or tissue culture extracts. In 30 per cent of the diseased animals infectious virus was present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The CSF had increased numbers of lymphocytes and an elevation of the protein concentration, mainly due to an increase in gamma-globulins, was measured. The gamma-globulins were of oligoclonal character and reacted with a borna disease virus specific antigen of infected brains or tissue culture cells. The antibody titers in the CSF were of similar level to those in the serum. In comparison, those of the CSF of naturally infected horses always exceeded the serum titers. Injection of tracer substances revealed that no drastic damage to the blood-brain barrier was caused during the disease. The results suggest that antibodies detected in the CSF are locally produced. The significance of these findings for the pathogenesis of Borna disease is discussed.

Albumins↗
PubMed1977

Antibodies to pancreatic duct cells in Sjögren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis.

In the present investigation the occurrence of humoral immunity to pancreatic duct cells (PDC) was studied in 12 patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS), 31 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 64 controls. Four sera of patients with SS and eight of patients with RA produced diffuse cytoplasmic fluorescence of intro- as well as of interlobular PDC of human and rhesus monkey origin. All sera positive with PDC antigens gave also positive staining reaction with parotid, submandibular, and lacrimal duct cells. In absorption studies antibody activity to PDC and salivary duct cells could be absorbed equally well with human or monkey parotid gland or pancreas with almost identical antigen concentrations. These findings point to the presence of common antigenic determinants in the organs studied. Human thyroid microsomes and rat liver homogenate did not reduce antibody activity. The demonstration of antibodies to PDC in addition to the reported mononuclear cell infiltration of the pancreas point to the involvement of autoimmune mechanisms in pathogenesis of the commonly observed subclinical exocrine insufficiency in SS and in some cases of RA.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Lung elasticity in juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus.

Detailed pulmonary function analysis was performed in 20 patients with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus and in 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. No significant differences were found in comparisons of all lung function data obtained from these two groups. Even the parameters of lung recoil, which recently have been reported to be decreased in juvenile-onset diabetes, were within the normal range. These data indicate normal pulmonary function in patients with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, a finding that is in accordance with clinical experience.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Lack of association between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and SD-locus HLA antigens.

All at present serological detectable HLA antigens and humoral antithyroid immunity have been studied in 26 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 450 controls. No statistical significant difference in frequencies of the 36 HLA antigens tested could be found. These findings suggest that serological defined (SD) genes of the histocompatibility complex are not the major factors involved in the predisposition to Hashimoto's thyroiditis. By analysing prevalence of thyroid antibodies in HLA-B8 positive and HLA-B8 negative groups of Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients an association between B8 and thyroglobulin and thyroid microsomal antibody formation was found. Although frequency of HLA-B8 was not increased in the patients, B8 positivity may reflect an increased susceptibility for humoral antithyroid immunity.

Female↗