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Biomedical subjects

H Ludwig

Publications and source records attributed to H Ludwig.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Therapy with interferon (recombinant IFN-alpha-2C) in myeloproliferative diseases with severe thrombocytoses].

15 patients with myeloproliferative diseases and thrombocythaemia (7 Polycythaemia vera, 5 essential thrombocythaemia, 3 chronic myelogenous leukaemia) were assigned to a therapy with recombinant interferon (recombinant IFN-alpha-2C) in a prospective, controlled trial. Under therapy all patients showed a significant decrease in thrombocyte values. 51% of the patients revealed thrombocyte values within the normal range after 3 months of IFN therapy. Noted side effects of IFN therapy were dose-dependent and clinically well tolerated by the patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Interferon in the treatment of multiple myeloma].

The effect of recombinant interferon-alpha-2C monotherapy was compared with the efficacy of VMCP-polychemotherapy in 42 patients with multiple myeloma in a prospective randomized multicenter trial. IFN-treatment induced remissions (R) in 2 (14%) and partial remissions (PR) in 4 (29%) out of 14 evaluable patients. 7 patients remained stable. Polychemotherapy induced R in 11 (57%) and PR in 6 (32%) of 19 evaluable patients. 2 (11%) patients remained stable. IFN was preferentially active in patients with low tumor burden and patients with IgA paraprotein. The proportion of responders (R + PR) was significantly lower in the IFN-arm (43%) compared to the polychemotherapy group (89%; p less than 0,001).

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

[Interferon (IFN) therapy (recombinant IFN-alpha-2C or recombinant IFN-gamma) in metastasized hypernephroma].

Recombinant interferon-alpha-2C (rec. IFN alpha-2C) and recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was studied in 12 patients with metastasized renal cell carcinoma. 8 patients were treated with IFN-alpha-2C: 1 patient achieved a complete remission, 2 patients showed mixed responses, and 2 had stabilisation of their disease. In 3 patients progressive disease was observed. IFN-gamma was studied in 4 patients; 2 patients showed stable and 2 progressive disease. Side effects of IFN-alpha treatment included influenza-like symptoms, moderate hematological toxicity and neurological symptoms. During treatment with IFN-gamma similar side effects were observed, although fever generally was more pronounced. All symptoms ceased after dosis reduction or discontinuation of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plaque/focus immunoassay: a simple method for detecting antiviral monoclonal or other antibodies and viral antigens in cells.

A new, simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is described which is performed directly on infected and fixed cell cultures in microtitre plates. It permits large scale screening of antiviral monoclonal antibodies and differentiation of specific antibodies from those usually responsible for high background reactions in other ELISA techniques. Time consuming purification of antigens is thus avoided. The plaque/focus immunoassay is also applicable to titration of antibodies in patients' sera and antigens in lytically or non-lytically virus-infected cells. It may also be used to localize antigens in different cell compartments. This immunoassay requires no special equipment and results may be evaluated either with the naked eye or using a light microscope.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[A 60-year-old patient with sialadenitis, pulmonary round foci and vulvar ulcer].

The unusual case of a 60 year-old woman is discussed. She presented with sialadenitis, paresis of the facial nerve, keratoconjunctivitis and ulcus vulvae. Basic anamnestic information revealed primary enlargement of the submandibular gland, fever, otitis, sinusitis and a pulmonary tumour. The serum immunoglobulin E level was raised. In addition to the necrotic granulomas in the lungs, spleen and kidney, characteristic changes were found in the lymph nodes, liver, pancreas and colon.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1984

[Scintigraphy using 111-indium-oxine-sulfate-labeled autologous granulocytes compared to scintigraphy using 99-Tc-pyrophosphate in inflammations of the jaw region].

The present paper compares scintigraphy using leucocytes labelled with 111 indium oxine sulphate with conventional 99Tc pyrophosphate scintigraphy for the investigation of inflammatory processes in the region of the jaw bones. It also tries to establish whether progress can be made in the field of differential diagnosis using a combination of these two methods of investigation. It is shown that conventional scintigraphy using 99Tc pyrophosphate represents an approved method of investigation, whereas scintigraphy using autologous leucocytes does not as yet fulfil the expectations that have been placed in it.

Abscess↗
PubMed1984

Borna disease of horses. An immunohistological and virological study of naturally infected animals.

The brains of eight horses that had suffered from natural Borna disease were examined with virologic, immunohistological, and electron-microscopic methods. All brains harbored infectious virus as shown by inoculation of experimental animals. Regional assessment of the infectivity exhibited the highest titers in the hippocampus and piriform cortex and the lowest in the cerebellum. Conventional histology yielded pathologic alterations very similar to those of the classical description of the disease. Immunohistology demonstrated the highest amounts of Borna disease virus-specific antigen in the nuclei of neurons. In the perikarya, dendrites, and axons smaller amounts of antigen were found. A comparison of the antigen distribution with the inflammatory reaction established a high concordance of these two parameters. The presence of virus-specific antigen seems to trigger the exsudation of inflammatory cells, which reflect the extension of the infectious process. Heavy inflammatory exsudates in the white matter underlying diseased cortical areas can be explained by the axonal presence of virus-specific antigen. Virus particles could not be demonstrated with the electron microscope. The most significant findings at the ultrastructural level were stacks of fine filaments, adhering closely to cytoplasmic cisterns. These structures might be related to virus components or might be involved in virus morphogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A plasma clot culture system for growing and antiproliferative drug sensitivity testing of myeloma stem cells.

An easy-to-perform clonogenic culture system for myeloma stem cells is presented which approaches the patient's in vivo situation more closely and therefore seems particularly well-suited for antiproliferative drug sensitivity assays. Bone marrow cells are propagated in clotted autologous or allogenic plasma that is enriched with 2-mercaptoethanol, insulin, and synthetic nucleotides and co-factors for nuclear synthesis, no feeder layer or conditioned medium is necessary. Clusters and colonies consisting of between 8 and 60 cells readily formed within 6-8 days after cloning yielding a plating efficiency between 0.12 and 2.16%. A linear relationship between the number of cells plated and colony formation was found from 10(5) through 2 X 10(6) cells plated. The successful growth rate for 65 tests from 53 patients amounted to 90.8%. Morphological and histochemical examination of the clusters revealed lymphoid cells at various stages of maturation ranging from lymphocytic and lymphoblastoid to lymphoplasmacytic and plasma cells. Tumor origin of the clones was demonstrated by immunofluorescence studies in which Ig-positive cells stained only for the heavy and light chain isotypes identical to those of the patient's serum paraprotein. Anti-idiotypic antisera confirmed the patient's specific malignant phenotype of the colonies formed. The technique of the assay is described in detail.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1984

Adaptation of Borna disease virus to the mouse.

Borna disease virus has been adapted to the mouse, which required at least three passages in rat brains. Genetic specificity as studied with five inbred mouse strains was not evident. Newborn mice inoculated intracerebrally expressed antigen in neurons and remained persistently infected, with up to 10(7) infectious units per gram of brain tissue. Animals infected at different ages developed no disease and had high titres of antibodies.

Adaptation, Biological↗
PubMed1984

Bovine cytomegaloviruses: identification and differential properties.

Biological properties and restriction enzyme patterns of the slowly replicating herpesviruses isolated from cattle affected with different diseases in North America and Europe were analysed. These virus isolates induced identical plaques that developed within 7 to 9 days in bovine foetal spleen cells and within 5 days in actively growing Georgia bovine kidney cells. These virus isolates were found to be antigenically related when tested in the indirect immunofluorescence test, and antigenic relationships with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), BHV-2, BHV-3 or BHV-6 were not detected. The genomes of these strains were shown to have virtually identical cleavage sites when treated with restriction enzymes EcoRI, BamHI, SstII, SphI and HindIII. The resulting restriction enzyme patterns differed strikingly from those of BHV-1, BHV-2, BHV-3 and BHV-6. Because the herpesviruses tested become enveloped on the nuclear as well as on endoplasmic membranes, a process through which they induce cytoplasmic vesicles filled with enveloped viral particles, and because of the unique cytoplasmic inclusions that are induced, we classify them tentatively as bovine cytomegaloviruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Prognostic relevance of cellular morphology in multiple myeloma.

Morphological characteristics of tumor cells have been employed in the prognosis of lymphomas and solid tumors. This report documents an attempt to predict survival from the known cytologic heterogeneity in multiple myeloma. Myeloma cells in bone marrow smears from patients at diagnosis were evaluated by assigning them to morphologically defined categories. Cox's multivariate regression model for censored survival data was used to generate optimal weights, which served as coefficients in two regression equations to estimate death risk from cellular morphology. Step-wise procedures excluded redundant parameters. "Myeloma morphology score" (MMS) discriminates significantly (p less than 0.0001) among 3 stages, with median survival times of 42.5, 30.7, and 9.1 mo. For clinical routine application, "myeloma progression score" (MPS), the weight sum of the proportion of plasmablasts and the extent of bone marrow plasma cell infiltration, is suggested as a simple prognostic tool. Its discriminative power is very high [p less than 10(-9)]. Median survival times of greater than 71.5, 23.4, and 6.1 mo were found for good, moderate, and poor risk groups, respectively. However, staging is not confined to three subgroups, grouping is flexible, and pairs of data can be matched. This fact may prove to be valuable in designing prognosis-controlled clinical trials or theoretical studies on cellular differentiation. Preliminary results suggest changes in morphology due to disease progression and/or the effect of therapy on tumor kinetics. Most importantly, staging according to MPS or MMS may facilitate the adaption of therapy to the current state of the disease in patients with multiple myeloma.

Austria↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment results in malignant tumors of the vulva, a retrospective analysis of 119 cases].

Between 1960 and 1980 111 patients with malignomas of the vulva were treated. Among these 86 cases were admitted primarily with view of treatment. Within the period conception of therapy was changed drastically. Where as in former time treatment consists in excision of the tumour with following conventional X-ray therapy, since 1973 therapy of choice was radical vulvectomy with inguinal lymphonodectomy. Based on these facts a retrospective comparison of the survival rates in possible, particularly distribution of stages is likely the same in the two groups. The group treated since 1973 has essential better survival rates. This can be attributed to the conception of radical operative treatment preferred in literature predominantly. Mortality rate is below 5 per cent which will be favourable in the geriatric clientele. To make the results of treatment comparable internationally a postoperative classification should be proposed like in breast cancer. The question of the position of an additional postoperative irradiation is to be answered only with aid of a prospective multicenter study.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructural studies of myeloma cells: observations concerning the Golgi apparatus and intermediate-size filaments.

Studies on the ultrastructure of tumor cells of 22 multiple myeloma patients revealed hitherto unreported observations concerning the Golgi apparatus and intermediate-size filaments. Various abnormalities of the Golgi apparatus including displacements of the Golgi stacks, dilatations of cisternae, and massive accumulations of vesicles as well as vacuoles in the Golgi region were found in myeloma cells of 11 patients. Intermediate-size filaments forming a fine intracytoplasmic network were apparent in myeloma cells of all 22 patients. In five patients, in addition to this architecture, intermediate-size filaments were gathered into thick bundles which were primarily but not exclusively located in the perinuclear region.

Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1983

Goat herpesviruses: biological and physicochemical properties.

Two herpesvirus isolates from goats are known which cause afflictions of the digestive tract in kids and, in some cases, abortion. An antigenic relationship of these goat herpesviruses with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvo-vaginitis virus (bovid herpesvirus 1, BHV-1) was reported and because of the species-specific pathogenicity, the goat isolates were named caprine herpesvirus 1. In this report the two isolates are further characterized and compared with BHV-1. Although the caprine herpesviruses share many biological and physicochemical properties with BHV-1, they can be differentiated from the bovine viruses with respect to growth cycle, one-way cross-neutralization and, most importantly, the restriction endonuclease fragments of their DNAs. The molecular weight of the caprine herpesvirus DNA, based on electron microscopic length measurement is 90 X 10(6), similar to that of BHV-1 (95 X 10(6]. On the basis of these genomic differences, we propose that DNA restriction endonuclease patterns of the caprine herpesviruses should be designated as prototypic of bovid herpesvirus 6 (BHV-6).

Animals↗