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Biomedical subjects

H Liu

Publications and source records attributed to H Liu.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Effects of endoscopic sinus surgery and relative factors].

The results of 296 endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) from Oct. 1991 to May, 1993 were analysed. Pre- and post-operative examinations in this series were as follows: 1. Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subclusters test (100 cases): 2. Immunohistochemical test of nasal polyp (103 cases): 3. Pathologic examination of nasal polyp: 4. CT scan typing (103 cases). Men and women ratio was 2:1 and their ages varied from 7 to 72 years. 107 patients were given general anesthesia and 189 patients local anesthesia. The clinical stages of chronic sinusitis were divided as: 53.7% (N), 29.3% (II), 10.9% (III) and 6.1% (I). The clinical curative rate was 85.7% (126/147 cases), and improving rate was 99.3%. The standard of clinical stage of chronic sinusitis, the relative factors of prognosis with the results of ESS, pathological test, immunohistochemical test and follow-up after ESS were discussed.

CD4-CD8 Ratio↗
PubMed1996

[Investigation of infiltrating lymphocytes and immunoglobulin by immunohistochemical method in cheilitis granulomatosa].

Category and distribution of infiltrating lymphocytes and immunoglobulin in 12 cases with cheilitis granulomatosa (CG) and 4 cases with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) were investigated. The result was that infiltration of lymphocytes in granulomatous type was more severe than that in interstitial inflammtion type. Infiltrators mainly consisted of T helper lymphocytes and immunoglobulin was IgM. It was considered that local immunoreaction was enhanced suggesting that cyto-immunity was a dominant factor with participation of humoral immunity. The result will be helpful to elucidate the pathogeneses and the function of many immuno-factors in the CG. It helps to understand the clinical manifestations and may be a theoretic reference for seeking immuno-modulation for treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Clinical application of Omniplane transesophageal echocardiography.

One hundred and twenty-four patients with heart disease (75 cases of rheumatic heart disease, 26 cases of congenital heart disease, 13 cases of aortic disease and 10 cases of other disease) were examined by Omniplane transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The result showed that Omniplane TEE transducer can be rotated from 0 degree to 180 degrees in probe and had the advantages of broader scope, obtaining more information, less stimulation to esophagus and easy to manipulate. It suggests that Omniplane TEE is a efficient technique in clinical diagnosis and can be extensively used in the future.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Calcium distribution changes during epididymal maturation of mouse and guinea pig sperms].

Calcium was localized by in situ precipitation with potassium antimonate during epididymal maturation of the mouse and guinea pig sperms. In caput epididymis the calcium in mouse sperm head was mainly localized on the inner surface of tha outer acrosomal membrane (OAM) in preacrosomal region. During the passage from the caput epididymis to the cauda epididymis the calcium amount of mouse sperm did not undergo apparent changes. In comparison with mouse sperm, there were a few fine calcium deposite granules on the inner surface of the guinea pig sperm OAM on the abdomen side at the caput epididymis stage, but these granules disappeared at the cauda epididymis stage. The microvilli of columnar cell in columnar epithlium lining the epididymal duct are probably involved in regultion of Ca2+ concentration of the intraluminal fluid. The calcium precipitation granules distributing in the microvilli were observed. An abundance of Ca2+ were present in the intraluminal fluid of the corpus epididymis and they might have some important functions during the process of sperm maturation. Calcium in sperm tail was mainly distributed in the mitochondria. Compared with the mouse sperm, the mitochondria of guinea pig sperm possessed more calcium.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Cross-section anatomy of the subphrenic spaces].

The cross-section anatomy of the subphrenic spaces were investigated in 20 Chinese cadavers. On the horizontal sections, the subphrenic spaces consist of the perihepatic and perisplenic spaces. The fissure for ligamentum venosum was separated into two parts by the lesser omentum, the anterior part communicates with gastrohepatic recess, the posterior is the superior recess of the omental bursa into which the caudate lobe of the liver projected. The bare area of the stomach encroaches upon the posterior surface of the gastric fundus between the right and left layers of the gastrophrenic ligament and lies between the superior and splenic recesses of the omental bursa. Left subphrenic retroperitoneal space is between the bare area of the stomach and the diaphragm.

Diaphragm↗
PubMed1996

[A measurement of cytoplasmic estradiol and progesterone receptors in endometrium of patients with habitual abortion].

Estradiol and progesterone receptors in the endometrium of eight patients with habitual abortion in proliferative and secretory phases were measured by DCC. The serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were detected by radioimmunoassay, and the endometrium was histologically studied. The results showed that the level of serum E2 was normal in the proliferative and secretory phases. In 5/8 patients, the serum P level was below 11 ng/ml. The estradiol receptor of patients was not different from that of normal women in the proliferative and secretory phases, but the progesterone receptor was significantly lower than that of normal women in the proliferative and secretory phases. These suggest that the lower level of progesterone and progesterone receptor in the endometrium may be one of the causes of habitual abortion.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1996

[The relationship of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with P16 protein expression].

The expression of P16 protein was examined in 45 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 4 cases of reactive hyperplasia of lymph node (RHLN) and 6 cases of normal spleen with immunohistochemical staining. Positive reaction of P16 protein was observed in some lymphocytes of RHLN and splenic nodule and around splenic sinus. The positive rate of P16 protein expression in NHL was 37.8% (17/45). The positive rates of P16 protein expression for the low intermadiate- and high-grade malignancy groups were 66.7% (10/15), 37.5% (6/16) and 7.1% (1/14) respectively. There was a significant difference between the low malignancy NHL and the high malignancy NHL (P < 0.005) in expression rate of P16 protein. It suggests that P16 protein expression may be one of the important parameters in estimating the prognosis of patients with NHL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Corneal astigmatism following trabeculectomy].

OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to investigate the change of corneal astigmatism following trabeculectomy. METHODS: Before and after the operation at different periods, the corneal astigmatism of 42 eyes was evaluated by Topcon-OM-3 keratometer. RESULTS: Almost the corneal astigmatism of all the cases was with-the-rule in the early stage after trabeculectomy. Among them, the astigmatism in 41.03% of cases was more than 2.00D, 3 months post-operatively 17.50% shifted towards against-the-rule, and 9.50% remained more than 2.00D which was induced by the surgery. CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy may cause certain with-the-rule corneal astigmatism. The corneal astigmatism in most of the cases may decrease as time passes by.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Study of skeletal and occlusal pattern].

The aims of this study were to analyze the characteristics of craniofacial structure in normal occlusion and to assess the relationship between the skeletal and occlusal pattern. Fifty-seven subjects with normal occlusion were divided into three skeletal groups according to Hauston measurement. One hundred and sixty-six subjects with Angle's malocclusion were also classified according to ANB values. The result showed that there were significant differences in the values of NA-APg, AB-NPg, SNA, SNB, U1-NA, L1-NB among the three groups. These data indicate that skeletal pattern does not coincide with occlusion. Different skeletal pattern exists even in normal occlusion. In diagnosis and treatment planning, the data of skeletal pattern should be referred.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[The relationship between insulin resistance and angiotensin II and endothelins in patients with essential hypertension and coronary heart disease].

In order to find the relationship between insulin resistance and angiotensin II and endothelins in patients with essential hypertension and coronary heart disease, blood glucose and insulin were measured during OGTT. Their area under the curve were also calculated. Fasting angiotensin II and endothelins were measured in 35 patients with essential hypertension. 32 patients with coronary heart disease and 20 healthy subjects. The results revealed that both the patients with essential hypertension and coronary heart disease were insulin resistant. Insulin resistance was higher in essential hypertension than in coronary heart disease. The group with essential hypertension showed higher insulin concentration at 1 hour postload and also greater total secretion of insulin. In the two groups of patients, both the insulin level during OGTT and the area of insulin were significantly positively correlated with angiotensin II level. In patients with essential hypertension, the level of endothelins was positively correlated, with insulin level at 1 hour postload and the area of insulin. It is suggested that the interaction between insulin resistance and angiotensin II and endothelins might be involved in the development of essential hypertension and coronary heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The study on noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary artery pressure by the method of pulmonary artery flow spectrum in chronic pulmonary disease].

OBJECTIVE: Pulmonary artery flow spectrum of patients with chronic pulmonary disease were studied in order to find excellent Doppler Indexes reflected pulmonary artery pressure, and establish multiple regression equation for estimating pulmonary artery pressure more accurately. METHODS: During catheterization, 54 patients with chronic pulmonary disease were examined by echocardiography. Fourteen Doppler indexes of spectrum were compared with the pulmonary artery pressure by catheter simultaneously, and multiple regression equations were taken. RESULTS: There were significant correlation between Doppler indexes PEP/AcT, AcVm, VI/(QTxVmax), RVET/QT and pulmonary artery pressure. Two multiple regression equations were deduced: PAPs (kPa) = [9.4 x PEP/AcT-1.4 x AcVm-126.1 x VI/(QT x Vmax) + 75] divided by 7.5 and PAPm (kPa) = [7.5 x PEP/AcT-1.2 x AcVm- 87.7 x VI/(QT X Vmax) + 48] divided by 7.5. CONCLUSIONS: Above two regression equations could be used to noninvasively evaluate pulmonary artery pressure in patients with chronic pulmonary disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Treatment outcome of 1,000 cases of endoscopic sinus surgery].

To assess the treatment outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), 1,000 patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp treated between November 1991 and January 1995 were included in this study. Among them, 754 patients (64.8%) had previous operations from 1 to 25 times with an average of 3.7. Before ESS, axial and coronal CT scans were obtained (window width: 1,000 HU, window level: +90 HU; section thickness: 2 mm with 12 to 16 sections). Patients with clinical stages from I to IV were 9.9%, 21.0%, 15.0% and 54.1% respectively. Bilateral ESS was performed in 95% patients, septoplasty in 27.6%, middle meatal antrostomy in 78.5%. The clinical cure rate was 84.0%, 557 patients were considered as primary healing, 283 patients delayed healing and 160 patients had persistent inflammation. Complications were noted in 18 patients. Bleeding during ESS varied from 10 to 1,800 ml (average 180 ml). The indications, preoperative evaluation, control of bleeding, prevention of complications and prognosis were discussed in detail. The article indicated that the important factors to increase the cure rate are postoperative follow-up and systematic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Signal transduction pathways in guinea pig sperm.

Trifluoperazine (TFP), the antagonist of calmodulin (CaM), significantly stimulated the capacitation and acrosome reaction of guinea pig spermatozoa at the concentration of 10-100 mumol/L, independent of the external Ca2+. Forskolin, dbcAMP and caffeine evidently promoted the occurrence of acrosome reaction of spermatozoa at early capacitation stage (5 h) in nonsynchronous system but not in synchronous system. If the spermatozoa were capacitated for 15 h in synchronous system, the above three drugs significantly stimulated acrosome reaction in a Ca(2+)-independent manner. Protein kinase C activators, i.e. phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) did not influence the occurrence of acrosome reaction of spermatozoa at early capacitation stage, but significantly increased the acrosome reaction rate in capacitated spermatozoa in a Ca(2+)-independent manner. In contrast, PKC inhibitor staurosporine significantly inhibited the occurrence of acrosome reaction.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1995

Transient cerebral ischemia decreases calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II immunoreactivity, but not mRNA levels in the gerbil hippocampus.

During transient cerebral ischemia, intracellular calcium increases initiating a cascade of events which leads to the delayed death of neurons located in the hippocampus. Coupled to this calcium disturbance is the rapid decrease of calcium/calmodulin kinase II (CaM kinase) activity, a protein kinase critical to neuronal functioning. The present study correlated the increased locomotor activity following ischemic insult with alterations in CaM kinase mRNA levels and immunocytochemical labeling of alpha and beta CaM kinase subunits in the hippocampus. The protective effect of hypothermia was also compared with CaM kinase mRNA levels and immunoreactivity. Levels of CaM kinase message for either alpha or beta subunits was not altered in ischemic gerbils compared to sham or hypothermic ischemic conditions. Immunoreactivity for both the alpha and beta subunits was markedly reduced in the vulnerable CA1 region of ischemic animals compared to sham controls. Gerbils that underwent the ischemic insult while hypothermic showed no decrement in staining. CaM kinase-like immunoreactivity in the ischemia-resistant CA3 sector was not altered following ischemia. These data suggest that the loss of hippocampal CaM kinase immunoreactivity observed at 24 h following ischemia is not associated with a reduction in CaM kinase mRNA levels and support the notion that the rapid decline in CaM kinase activity following ischemic insult is a result of a posttranslational modification and/or translocation of the enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

In vitro biosynthesis of leukemia inhibitory factor/human interleukin for DA cells by human endothelial cells: differential regulation by interleukin-1 alpha and glucocorticoids.

Endothelial cell (EC) may represent a major source of cytokines in the bone marrow. In this study we have examined the production and the regulation of the production of leukemia inhibitory factor/human interleukin for DA cells (LIF/HILDA) by EC. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were chosen as a working model as they are a well known source of cytokines. These cells secrete LIF/HILDA (90 pg/mL/10(6) cells/48 h) in basal conditions. This secretion is profoundly altered by interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha). Secretion of LIF/HILDA is increased threefold on stimulation with IL-1 alpha at a concentration of 100 IU/mL. The secreted protein is bioactive as demonstrated by its proliferative effects on DA1a cells. Modulation of the production of LIF/HILDA by glucocorticoids (GC) was also examined. In striking contrast to what was observed for IL-1 alpha, the synthetic GC dexamethasone (DXM) at a concentration of 10(-6) mol/L consistently inhibited the basal secretion of LIF/HILDA by an average of threefold and suppressed the IL-1 alpha-induced increase of the secretion of this cytokine by HUVEC. In an effort to extend results obtained with HUVEC to the bone marrow endothelium, we have also examined the production of LIF/HILDA by human bone marrow endothelial cells (HBMEC). Our study shows that HBMEC are quantitatively a very important source of this cytokine (above 7.25 ng/mL/10(6) cells/48 h) suggesting that they are a major source of LIF/HILDA in the bone marrow. Again, IL-1 alpha proved to be a very potent stimulus for the secretion of LIF/HILDA and synthetic GC such as DXM when used at a concentration of 10(-6) mol/L inhibited by an average of threefold the basal secretion of LIF/HILDA and had suppressive effect on the IL-1 alpha-induced increase of this secretion. The downregulation of LIF/HILDA production in the bone marrow by GC may be important to understand the effects of GC on hematopoiesis.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1995

bcl-2 suppresses expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 in breast epithelial cells.

The tumor suppressor gene p53 regulates G1 checkpoint prior to the initiation of DNA synthesis, which can either induce G1 arrest or signal apoptosis. The involvement of p53 in apoptosis may also be related to its ability to down-regulate transcription of the bcl-2 gene. The bcl-2 gene product prevents most types of apoptotic cell death, suggesting that bcl-2 interferes with an essential signaling molecule involved in the apoptotic cell death pathway. Although the bcl-2 protein is shown to be overexpressed in many types of human tumor including breast cancer, its biochemical or pathological consequences are poorly understood. To determine the effects of bcl-2 overexpression on apoptosis and transformation of breast epithelial cells and to investigate whether bcl-2 interferes with the p53 pathway, we introduced the bcl-2 expression vector into MCF10A cells, which were derived from diploid human breast epithelial cells containing the wild-type p53 gene. Overexpression of bcl-2 prevented free radical-induced apoptosis and induced a partially transformed phenotype in MCF10A cells. Although overexpression of bcl-2 did not affect the expression of the p53 gene, p53-dependent gene transcription such as p21WAF1/CIP1 was suppressed. These results suggest that bcl-2 may inhibit p53 functional activity and is involved in the regulation of an early commitment step either to proliferate or suicide.

Apoptosis↗