Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Lindner.
A report is given on dose measurements performed in the radiation field close to Ir-192 sources. The dose was measured at a distance of 2 to 8 cm in the air and in a phantom with ionization chambers. Radiachromic foils were used in order to determine the dose distribution surrounding the sources immediately. The measurement results were compared to model calculations and show a good conformity.
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Between 1960 and 1982, 90 patients treated primarily for peripheral soft tissue sarcomas received a postoperative irradiation at the Irradiation Department of the Städtische Krankenhaus Passau. Five patients (6%) were inoperable for internistic reasons and were treated only by radiotherapy. The local recurrence rate after combined therapy was 26%. 44% of the patients (40/90) developed metastases, preponderantly in the lung and within the first year (70% each). The age-corrected survival rate was 63% after five years and 43% after ten years in 79 patients with complete postoperative irradiation. Important prognostic factors are the degree of malignancy (five-year survival times of 57 patients: almost 90% for G1 tumors, 50% for G2 tumors, and 17% for G3 tumors, statistically significant) as well as the completeness of surgery. It is shown by the available results that conservative surgical interventions combined with radiotherapy are not less effective than more radical operations.
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The moving-strip irradiation of the total peritoneal region plays an important role in the adjuvant therapy of the ovarian carcinoma. TLD dosimetric and mathematic investigations of this radiotherapeutic method show that 1. the best dose homogeneity in the longitudinal profile is achieved by 60Co units, if the patients are not too stout, 2. a higher relative depth dose has to be estimated than for an open field of the same total field size, 3. an additional 2,5 cm strip has to be inserted in order to achieve an abrupt drop on the border of the total irradiation field, 4. this method offers a good guarantee against false adjustment, if this is not too grave, 5. the conformity between the dose distribution curves calculated and those measured by TLD is excellent.
This study was designed to differentiate possible amnesic effects of diazepam, flunitrazepam and fentanyl into impairment of storage, retention or retrieval of information and to correlate them with alterations in a vigilance task. 4 groups of 7 volunteers each were studied in a double-blind, random fashion. They performed a quasi continuous word recognition task i.e. after a preload list of 150 words played on a tape they had to indicate if the following words (grouped into 10 blocks of 100 words each) were new ones or had occurred already. Interposed were measurements of reaction time to a visual stimulus, and of concentration and short-time memory. During the experiment, unknown to the test person, diazepam 10 mg/70 kg, flunitrazepam 1 mg/70 kg, fentanyl 0.15 mg/70 kg or placebo were infused over 3 min. For evaluation of the word recognition task the d' index drawn from signal detection theory was employed. The results clearly indicated that both benzodiazepines specifically impair memory function the effect of flunitrazepam being more pronounced and longer in duration. Since retrieval of information learnt before administration of either drug was completely unaffected it was concluded that both drugs specifically influence encoding and registration of information. Reaction times were not significantly altered after diazepam, whereas they were prolonged by more than 50% after flunitrazepam indicating a pronounced sedative action of this drug. However, even during this period of maximal effect of flunitrazepam, recognition of words first presented prior to injection was not impaired.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
At the Radiologic Department of The Städtisches Krankenhaus Passau, 473 patients with degenerative diseases in the big joints and the spine were irradiated with the caesium unit between 1971 and 1979. Among these patients, 249 could be followed up during a prolonged period (1/2 to 9 years, i.e. 4.2 years on an average). According to the categories of v. Pannewitz, 11% were pain-free at this moment, 21% showed an essential improvement, 29% showed an improvement, and 39% were not influenced by the treatment. 13.5% showed recurrent pains; these were mentioned as "not influenced" in the statistical analysis. It is proved that the relief of pain does not depend on the age of the patients, but on the anamnesis period, the results of the X-ray examination, and the degree of the restriction of mobility. Due to the delay of irradiation, a preliminary treatment mostly produces a less favorable radiotherapeutic result. Compared with other therapeutic methods, the long term results or radiotherapy of degenerative joint diseases are generally favorable. This conclusion is also confirmed by the results of patients checked up more than five years after the treatment.
An interdisciplinary evaluation is made of the most common forms of head and neck cancer, with emphasis on certain aspects.--In the field of x-ray diagnostics, computed tomography dominates varying importance being given to the individual organs. Nuclear medicine pays particular attention to skeletal scintigraphy and gallium scintigraphy. In radiation therapy, progress has been made especially through the use of optimal radiation planning as well as the use of the after-loading technique and neutron radiation. Antineoplastic chemotherapy is currently being used as palliative treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy and as the first step towards a curative therapy.
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A report is given on 24 thymomas irradiated between 1971 and 1980. Ten patients were irradiated after a radical thymectomy, three after partial resection and eleven after histologic diagnosis alone The patients were treated by different irradiation methods, mostly with the photons of a Co60 unit and a 43 MeV betatron. The average focal dose was 45 Gy which were administered within five weeks. The observation period was five years on an average. The general five year survival probability was 54%; some partial collectives were evaluated individually. These studies show that by unique radiotherapy, too, a two-year survival rate of 100% and a five-year survival rate of 50% as sell as a local recurrence rate of about 20% can be reached. Patients under fourty years with epithelial thymomas and a dose of less than 40 Gy have a less favorable prognosis. Compared to other authors, a relatively high rate of remote metastases was observed which necessitated extensive follow-up measures and suggests an adjuvant chemotherapy.
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The article reports on the well-known self-healing tendency and radiosensitivity of blastomatous haemangiomas. The change in treatment methods is shown. According to our experience collected during 1950--1964 and 1964--1968 there is a trend towards lower dosage. During the 1969--1976 period, 554 blastomatous haemangiomas were exposed to low-dosage radiation. Sr90 treatment (1000--2000 rd) yielded very good results, soft radiation being somewhat more unfavourable at our dosage level (usually 600 rd) than our previous higher dosage, which means a slight correction towards increasing the dosage should be effected. The overall result is better if treatment is initiated during the first half year of life. Radiation therapy is the method of choice in blastomatous haemangiomas. It should be employed frequently despite the high self-healing quota, since 1. there are practically no unfavourable side effects if the dosage is kept at a low level; 2. retrogression is accelerated; 3. the cosmetic result, which is not always quite satisfactory in self-healing, can usually be improved upon by radiation; and, finally, 4. the risk of ulceration and haemorrhage is reduced.
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