Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Laubenthal

Publications and source records attributed to H Laubenthal.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Effect of colloidal plasma substitutes on liberation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in human whole blood in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of colloidal plasma substitutes on human cytokine network, especially of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), in vitro. DESIGN: Heparinized whole blood samples from 8 healthy volunteers were divided and set on various concentrations of artificial colloidal plasma substitutes (native = 0 mg/ml; 5 mg/ml; 15 mg/ml). As colloids were used hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (HES), dextran 60 (DX), urea-linked gelatin (GEL) and human albumin solution (HA). After incubation (24 h; 5% CO2; 37 degrees C; with and without concomitant stimulation of blood cells with phytohemagglutinin [PHA]) measurement of TNF-alpha release was performed via ELISA by the method described by Gallati. For the statistical evaluation a repeated measures analysis of variance was used. RESULTS: Basic level of TNF-alpha was found between 226 and 273 pg/ml (0 mg of each colloid/ml), stimulation with PHA without any colloid increased the TNF-alpha level about fourfold (1,066-1,260 pg/ml; 0 mg of each colloid/ml). At 5 mg/ml and 15 mg/ml without PHA all 3 artificial colloids rose the level of TNF-alpha (up to 50%). Under concomitant stimulation each colloid induced additional TNF-alpha release in comparison to PHA alone. The changes elicited by DX and GEL were statistically significant (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively) in contrast to those induced by human albumin solution or HES. CONCLUSION: In relation to TNF-alpha plasma substitutes are not inert substances as perhaps suspected. The questions whether the observed effects exist in vivo how far other cytokines are influenced and the question about the clinical importance are subject of ongoing studies.

Colloids↗
PubMed1992

No evidence for the existence of preformed antibodies against hydroxyethyl starch in man.

Using the highly sensitive ELISA technique for detecting anti-hydroxyethyl starch (HES) antibodies in man sera from 1,056 patients were analyzed. Patients of both sex, who had never had any prior contact with HES, were included in the study. In none of the cases could any titer of HES-reactive antibodies be detected. These data suggest that in man preformed HES-reactive antibodies do not exist or are extremely rare. In any case, unlike dextran-reactive antibodies, they should not have a high clinical importance. The mechanism behind the very rarely observed anaphylactoid reactions after HES application is still unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Therapy of post-herpetic neuralgia. Pain therapy using an anti-varicella zoster immunoglobulin].

After remission of the dermatological symptoms of herpes zoster infection, post-zoster neuralgia (PZN) can persist or recur for months and years. Most frequently, satisfactory therapy of PZN is not possible. During recent years the persistence of viruses on the surface of neuronal cells has been discussed as the possible reason for chronic pain. Virostatic therapy as well as polyvalent 7s-IgG-immunoglobulins exerted a minimal effect on the pain level. In an open trial we therefore used a specific anti-varicella zoster immunoglobulin (VZI) for treatment of PZN. METHODS. In our study ten patients (six female, four male; age 55-87 years) with latencies between the acute infection and onset of immunoglobulin therapy between 10 months and 3 years were included. PZN was located according to the dermatomes involved: one trigeminal nerve, one cervical, four thoracic and four lumbal segments. All patients had received more than two different drugs or had had therapeutic procedures without success. On the visual analogue scale (VAS: 0-100%) all patients rated their subjective pain with at least 49%. Before starting the study the preexisting specific drug therapy was discontinued in all patients. VZI infusion was given i.v. at a dose of 2 ml/kg body weight within 120 min. All patients had to rate their pain at the VAS every 10 min during the 120 min infusion time, at day 1, 2, 7, 14, 30 and than every month after therapy with VZI. RESULTS. Even during the infusion all ten patients reported a sharp decrease in pain of at least 47% (average 87%) on the VAS. Fourteen days later the remaining pain level averaged 6% VAS. Only the first of the 10 patients reported twice a recurring increase of pain. He therefore received the standard dosage of VZI again at day 2 and day 214, respectively. Thereafter until day 566 the pain level of this patient was lower than 10% VAS. The maximum surveillance interval has so far been 600 days. No side-effects due to the infusion of VZI have been encountered. CONCLUSIONS. Treating pain in persistent PZN is extremely difficult and mostly results in a small diminution of the pain level. Persistence of viruses on the neuronal cell surface and resulting reduction of "luxury functions" of those cells may explain algogenesis by PZN and resistance to therapeutic efforts. We used VZI for the first time for therapy of PZN and observed a striking analgesic effect in all patients for the entire surveillance time.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Important laboratory parameters of deep frozen coagulation active fresh plasma and virus inactivated lyophilized pool plasma].

Fresh Frozen Plasma is the most important therapeutic agent in acquired coagulation disorders. We investigated the quality of a new virus-inactivated lyophilisated human pool-plasma (VFL) and conventional fresh frozen plasma (FFP). In VFL we found a significantly reduced coagulation activity, a significantly higher pH-value, a highly significant rise of heparin values and a significantly lower number of thrombocytes. Electrolytes, protein levels and complement activity showed no significant difference. In conclusion, this virus-inactivated lyophilisated human pool plasma does not seem to be susceptible to therapy coagulation disorders like the conventional fresh frozen plasma.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1991

[Quality control studies of 3 deep-frozen coagulation-active fresh frozen plasma preparations from various suppliers and a new virus-inactivated lyophilized pooled plasma preparation].

Fresh frozen plasma is the most important therapeutic agent in acquired coagulation disorders. We investigated the quality of three conventional fresh-frozen plasma preparations (groups I, II, IV) and one new virus-inactivated lyophilised pooled plasma preparation (group III). In the new plasma preparation we found a significant reduction in coagulation activity, a significantly higher pH value and a highly significant rise in plasma heparin levels. No significant difference in electrolytes, protein levels and concentration or complement activity was found in any of the groups. In conclusion, unlike conventional fresh-frozen plasma, this new virus-inactivated lyophilised pooled plasma preparation does not seem to be suitable for use in therapy of coagulation disorders.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Strategies for using albumin].

Native, newly synthesized albumin has two main functions: It has to guarantee the intravascular oncotic pressure, and it can transport nutrients, drugs, enzymes, metabolites and trace elements throughout the body. Albumin is indicated for infusion in cases of hypalbuminemia associated possibly with hypovolemia. It may be useful for the mobilisation of edemas (and possibly ascites) and for the therapy of hyperbilirubinemia in the hemolytic disease of the newborn or in the fulminant hepatic failure. In therapy it can often be replaced by solutions of artificial colloids (dextran, hydroxyethyl starch). Albumin should not serve as a protein source in parenteral nutrition.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Comparative hemodynamic study of anesthesia induction with propofol (Diprivan), thiopental, methohexital, etomidate and midazolam in patients with coronary disease].

UNLABELLED: In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, the induction of anesthesia is not without risk because of specific cardiovascular effects of the anesthetic and the preoperative state of the patient. The hemodynamic effects of etomidate, midazolam, thiopental, and methohexital are well known: etomidate is an anesthetic that induces only minor cardiovascular changes; its influence on the endocrine system, however, has reduced its clinical indication. Barbiturates such as thiopental and methohexital produce negative inotropic effects in combination with an increase in heart rate and myocardial oxygen consumption; midazolam reduces pre- and afterload in patients with poor left ventricular function. Propofol, a new short-acting induction agent with good anesthetic properties, is said to diminish arterial pressure as well as myocardial oxygen consumption. METHODS: In a randomized study we investigated the hemodynamic effects of intravenous induction with propofol (2 mg/kg body wt.), thiopental (5 mg/kg), methohexital (1 mg/kg), etomidate (0.3 mg/kg), and midazolam (0.15 mg/kg) in 50 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. All patients were premedicated with flunitrazepam (0.03 mg/kg up to 2 mg) and morphine hydrochloride (0.2 mg/kg up to 15 mg) 100 min before the investigation. After 0.003 mg/kg fentanyl the patients received the induction agent in the above-mentioned dosage within 40 s followed by 0.1 mg/kg pancuronium bromide. Hemodynamic measurements were performed 1, 3, and 5 min after the end of the injection as well as 1 and 5 min after intubation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of the intravenous administration of lormetazepam on hemodynamics and arterial blood gases in patients with coronary heart disease].

In 11 conscious patients suffering from coronary artery disease undergoing aorto-coronary bypass operations the hemodynamic and respiratory effects of Lormetazepam were investigated preoperatively. Lormetazepam was administered i.v. in a dosis of 2 mg (average weight 70.4 +/- 5.7 kg) into the right atrium. The maximum of hemodynamic changes was found about 10 min after injection. At that time the mean arterial pressure was diminished about 14%. At the same time total peripheral resistance fell about 15% below the control level. The cardiac index remained unchanged. The hemodynamic effect therefore consisted in a peripheral vasodilation. This was emphasized by the reduction of right atrial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. The heart rate was unchanged. The arterial pO2 was reduced to 18% below the control level. The arterial pCO2 was increased about 24%. This finding is possibly due to an additional effect of Morphine and Phenobarbital used for premedication.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗