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Biomedical subjects

H Lagercrantz

Publications and source records attributed to H Lagercrantz.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate in umbilical cord blood of the newborn infant: relation to fetal stress and plasma catecholamines.

Cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) was analyzed in the venous blood of the mothers and in the umbilical vein and artery of the infant at birth. In general, higher cyclic AMP levels were found in the umbilical vein than in the artery which were similar to the maternal values. Asphyxia and vacuum extraction were associated with significantly higher cyclic AMP levels, while the concentration was lower after elective cesarean sections than after uncomplicated vertex deliveries. The cyclic AMP concentrations were inversely correlated to pH and directly related to the catecholamine concentrations. The origin and possible significance of cyclic AMP in umbilical cord plasma is discussed.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1981

Term breech delivery. Early and late complications.

Three hundred and sixty-six consecutive singleton breech presentations were analyzed for clinical factors associated with fetal complications related to vaginal delivery, and for the impact of different cesarean section rates on the incidence of fetal complications. The condition at birth of the vaginally delivered (243 cases) infants was found to correlate with maternal pre-pregnancy weight, and size of the fetal head. During the period of study the cesarean section rate changed from approximately 20 per cent of term breech presentations at the beginning to almost 50 per cent at its end. This was accompanied by a decrease in the traumatic morbidity. However, at follow-up only a small minority of those registered were found to be significantly affected. The fetal asphyxia rate was not influenced by the increased cesarean section rate. At follow-up one of 33 infants born asphyxiated showed late psychomotor development.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1980

Catecholamine metabolites in amniotic fluid as indicators of intrauterine stress.

The catecholamine metabolites HMPG and VMA have been determined in samples of amniotic fluid in 38 uncomplicated pregnancies, seven cases of IUGR, and six cases of diabetes. A successive increase of HMPG and VMA was found toward the end of the pregnancy. HMPG and particularly the HMPG/VMA ratio were significantly higher in the amniotic fluid of the growth-retarded fetuses than in the uncomplicated cases. No significant difference was found between the diabetic and uncomplicated cases.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1980

Plasma concentration-effect relationship of theophylline in treatment of apnea in preterm infants.

The relation between plasma concentration of theophylline and number of apnea preterm infants was studied in six patients. The apnea frequency was monitored after cessation of theophylline treatment and plotted against the log plasma concentration of theophylline. It was calculated that at an average plasma concentration of 40 mumol/l (7.25 micrograms/ml) the preterm infants had two or less apnea per 12 h. On the basis of our results we suggest that 40 mumol/l is the minimum plasma concentration of theophylline for optimal effect on apnea in preterm infants.

Apnea↗
PubMed1980

Deficient sympatho-adrenal activity-a cause of apnoea? Urinary excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites in preterm infants.

Catecholamines (CA) and the CA metabolites 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-glycol (HMPG) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid (VMA) have been determined in 8 preterm infants with recurrent apnoea and in 6 infants with the same birth weight total CA, HMPG or VMA excretion was found during the second, fifth and twelfth day, except for adrenaline, which was higher in the low-apnoeic group during one day.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1980

Ventilatory studies in two older infants with prolonged apnea.

Two infants, both born before term, were found apneic, cyanotic and limp at home when they were 9 weeks and 2 weeks old, respectively. Their respiration was monitored in the hospital and found to be remarkably periodic during sleep, and was in one case accompanied by pronounced bradycardia. The periodic breathing and apnea seemed to be caused by a decreased oxygen tension which can induce an instability of the central respiratory control mechanisms.

Apnea↗
PubMed1980

Correlation of fetal heart rate patterns with umbilical artery pH and catecholamines during last hour of labor.

Fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns were analysed during last hour of labour and correlated to umbilical artery pH and catecholamine (CA) levels. Fetuses with pathological FHR had significantly higher levels of CA than those with normal FHR. Particulary high levels were found in fetuses with bradycardia and late decelerations. FHR was further analysed by a computer (DPAC, data processor and computer) in 100 women during last hour of labor. No correlation between deceleration areas of variability and umbilical artery pH and CA was found. It is concluded that although there is a good correlation between the general FHR-pattern and umbilical artery CA and pH it is impossible to quantify the degree of fetal distress by calculation of deceleration areas and variability.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1979

Amniotic-fluid acetylcholinesterase as a possible diagnostic test for neural-tube defects in early pregnancy.

Raised levels (greater than or equal to 4.5 munits/ml) of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in amniotic fluid at 14--23 weeks of pregnancy were significantly associated with open fetal neural-tube defects. Out of 72 pregnancies correctly classified by the amniotic-fluid alpha-fetoprotein (A.F.P.) test, 2 of 56 without neural-tube defects and all 16 with open neural-tube defects (8 with anencephaly and 8awith open spina bifida) had raised levels of AChE. Out of 5 pregnancies misclassified by the A.F.P. test (4 without neural-tube defects and 1 with open spina bifida), only 1 was misclassified by the AChE test--namely, one of those without a neural-tube defect. Thus, only 3 of the 77 pregnancies tested were misclassified by the quantitative AChE test. A qualitative test for an isoenzyme of AChE found in cerebrospinal fluid correctly classified these 3 pregnancies. These findings suggest that the analysis of AChE in amniotic fluid may be a useful test in the diagnosis of open neural-tube defects.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1979

Acute metabolic and circulatory effects of cigarette smoking in late pregnancy.

The acute metabolic and circulatory effects of cigarette smoking (two cigarettes of a standard brand) in the last trimester of pregnancy were studied. 12 subjects, all of whom where hospitalized because of pregnancy complications, volunteered to participate in the investigation. A statistically significant immediate increment in the maternal heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fetal heart rate, plasma glucose and plasma cyclic AMP was noted. Plasma glycerol, plasma insulin and blood lactate did not change significantly. 30 min after smoking there was a small but significant increase in plasma nonesterified fatty acids, plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate and plasma C-peptide.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1979

Catecholamines in fetal blood during birth in man.

Catecholamines and pH were determined simultaneously in human fetal scalp blood during parturition and in umbilical artery blood at birth. During the course of six normal vaginal deliveries with relatively small changes in blood pH about a ten-fold increase in catecholamine concentration was found. During six deliveries complicated by falls in blood pH to < 7.25 much higher values were often encountered.

Epinephrine↗