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H L Robinson

Publications and source records attributed to H L Robinson.

132 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Tumor virus RNA's.

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Avian Leukosis Virus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retroviruses and cancer.

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that reverse-transcribe their RNA into proviral DNA. These viruses are associated with a wide variety of cancers in chickens mice, cats, and monkeys. Some retroviruses cause a specific type of cancer soon after infection in a high proportion of animals, whereas others cause various cancers late after infection in a lower proportion of animals. Highly oncogenic retroviruses are recombinants of viral and host genes. The cancers induced by these viruses are determined by the transduced host gene. Retroviruses that cause cancer at a low incidence do not contain inserted host information. Rather, they appear to cause cancer via mutation of the expression of potentially oncogenic host genes. During their normal life cycle, retroviruses integrate proviral DNA into the chromosomal DNA of their host. Integrations occur at many different sites. Most integrations are benign, but some result in cancer. Retroviral research has identified 12 potentially oncogenic host genes. Each is associated with a characteristic cancer or spectrum of cancer. Several appear to code for protein kinases that phosphorylate tyrosine residues.

Animals↗
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Assessment of retrovirus-expressed nucleoprotein as a vaccine against lethal influenza virus infections of chickens.

Hemagglutinin-based influenza vaccines stimulate protection in chickens that is limited to the serotype of the expressed hemagglutinin. To evaluate whether a more highly conserved influenza virus protein might stimulate a broader protective response, the influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) was introduced into a retroviral vector (mRCAS/NP). NP is an internal influenza virus protein that has been shown to stimulate cytotoxic T-cell responses in influenza-virus-infected mice. Cells infected with mRCAS/NP expressed approximately 10% of the level of NP observed in influenza-virus-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts. Immunocompetent chicks were vaccinated intramuscularly with approximately 1 x 10(5) NP-expressing units of mRCAS/NP. Four weeks later, chicks were bled and challenged with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (A/Chicken/Victoria/1/85). The NP-expressing vector stimulated an influenza-virus-specific response, as indicated by the presence of antibody to NP, but failed to protect against the lethal challenge.

Animals↗