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Biomedical subjects

H L Marks

Publications and source records attributed to H L Marks.

104 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Microsomal enzyme induction, egg production, and reproduction in three lines of Japanese quail fed polybrominated biphenyls.

The sensitivity of three genetic lines of Japanese quail to polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) was evaluated using criteria of egg production, reproduction, and induction of the hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase (MFO) system. Two genetic lines of quail, developed to diverge in their plasma cholesterol response to exogenous adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) (a "Low" line and a "High" line), were compared to a random-bred line ("Random"). ACTH administration caused increases in plasma cholesterol in the Low line that were 15 and 39% below the Random-line values in males and females, respectively, while High-line values were 31% higher in males and 36% higher in females when compared to the respective Random-line values. Hepatic activities of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and hexobarbital hydroxylase (HxH) were not significantly influenced by ACTH administration or by genetic line in either sex. PBBs fed at 40 or 80 mg/kg diet for 5 wk resulted in significant increases in hepatic AHH and aminopyrine N-demethylase (APND) activities and cytochrome P-450 concentrations. The induction of AHH, APND, and cytochrome P-450 was significantly less in Low-line males in comparison to Random- and High-line males, while the induction of AHH was less in Low-line females when compared to females from the other two lines, based on covariance analysis. In terms of reproductive parameters, there was a greater adverse effect on egg production at 80 ppm PBBs in Low-line females when compared to the Random and High lines. These data indicate an example in which the biological toxicity of a compound and the induction of a 3-methylcholanthrene-type hepatic enzyme are not directly correlated.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship of serum alpha-amylase to aflatoxin resistance in Japanese quail.

Serum alpha-amylase (S alpha A) activities were examined in a non-selected population (NS) of Japanese quail and in two lines genetically selected for resistance to aflatoxin. Normal S alpha A activities of both selected lines were significantly lower than that of the NS line (P less than or equal to 0.05). An oral dose of 2.5 mg aflatoxin/kg body weight significantly lowered S alpha A activity in NS quails after 24 hours; 18.0 mg/kg body weight was required to decrease the activity in selected lines to a similar degree. The two selected lines did not differ significantly in response. Disc tube gel electrophoresis of the serum revealed eight bands of S alpha A activity and six S alpha A zymogram phenotypes in the total population using an iodine-staining technique. Neither migration distance nor band width varied with genetic line, but the frequency of quails with at least one of three specific anodic bands was significantly higher in the selected lines (75% and 100%) than in the NS line (27%). The frequencies of the zymogram phenotypes with these bands were similarly increased in the resistant populations. Although there are differences in total S alpha A activity between the selected aflatoxin-resistant lines and the NS line, the presence of specific electrophoretic anodic band types and the S alpha A zymogram may be more useful indicators of aflatoxin resistance.

Aflatoxins↗