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Biomedical subjects

H L MOTLEY

Publications and source records attributed to H L MOTLEY.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1958

Cigarette smoke; its effect on pulmonary function measurements.

Inhaling cigarette smoke with each breath, with the subject at rest, by use of a smoking device that brought more smoke into the lungs than would be the case in ordinary smoking, produced consistent significant decreases in arterial blood oxygen saturation and in arterial pO(2) in most subjects who had severe or very severe pulmonary emphysema. In normal subjects and in those with a moderate degree of emphysema no significant changes in blood gas exchange resulted. No consistent significant changes in blood gas exchange were noted after the smoking of two cigarettes, either with the subject at rest or after a one-minute step-up exercise.A decrease in oxygen uptake occurred when treadmill exercise was done after smoking two cigarettes, and the ventilation volume was also decreased, probably accounting for part of the oxygen decrease. Pulmonary compliance measurements after smoking one cigarette were consistently and significantly decreased in most subjects-normal as well as those with pulmonary emphysema. The elastic work of breathing was increased in the majority of cases. In two cases in which studies were done after the subjects stopped smoking, one for three months and one for two years, significant reductions in residual air were noted. The results indicated that persons with severe or very severe emphysema would be better off to stop smoking.

Cell Respiration↗
PubMed1952

Cardiorespiratory function.

ACCURATE EVALUATION OF THE DEGREE OF IMPAIRMENT OF PULMONARY FUNCTION IN PERSONS WITH FIBROSIS AND EMPHYSEMA REQUIRES: (1) ventilatory measurements from rapid spirogram tracings (vital capacity, maximal breathing capacity and the time required to blow the air from the lungs); (2) determination of the degree of bronchospasm present; (3) determination of the degree of pulmonary emphysema (residual air expressed quantitatively as percent of total lung volume); (4) determination of the arterial blood oxygen saturation at rest and immediately after step-up exercise; (5) measurement of the oxygen extraction from inspired air (per cent of oxygen removed) during rest and exercise; (6) determination of the oxygen up-take during exercise; and (7) observation of the duration of dyspnea after step-up exercise. No single physiologic test is adequate in evaluating impairment of pulmonary function, and roentgenograms of the chest are unreliable as a sole basis for appraisal of disability. In industrial medicine, pulmonary function studies make possible (a) more accurate diagnosis and evaluation of pulmonary disability; and (b) earlier detection and thus prevention of prolonged exposure by susceptible individuals to environmental hazards.

Cell Respiration↗