An 18-week clinical educational training segment of a hospital pharmacy residency is described. The segment begins with a one-week orientation series to clinical services. This is followed by a four-week block in the drug information center, where the resident participates in all areas of the center. Following this block, the resident begins a planned series of elective clinical rotations (two four-week and one three-week elective rotations and a required two-week anesthesiology rotation). The clinical rotations are designed to provide training in all facets of the pharmaceutical care of hospitalized patients, with major emphasis on therapeutic management. The program's major objectives, instructional methods, activities and responsibilities, learning objectives, and evaluation methods are discussed. This training segment teaches residents how to integrate their knowledge of disease states and therapeutics into the provision of comprehensive pharmaceutical services.

Alabama↗

PubMed1979

Pharmacy practice in an operating room complex.

The steps involved in establishing a comprehensive pharmaceutical service in an operating and recovery room complex is described. Objectives of the operating room pharmaceutical satellite were to: (1) improve control of distribution, storage and charging for all drugs, especially Schedule II controlled substances; (2) reduce inventory costs and loss of revenue; (3) improve compliance with the drug formulary; and (4) establish patient-oriented pharmaceutical services. The pharmacy satellite improved inventory control and patient charging, assured continual access to all drugs and appropriate security for controlled substances, and expanded the pharmacy department's clinical, drug information and research activities.

Alabama↗

PubMed1975

Quality of pharmaceutical care in hospitals.

The objective of this study was to measure the quality of pharmaceutical services provided to hospital inpatients. Using Donabedian's model, normative standards from the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals and the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists were used to develop a personal interview schedule to access the structure and process components of pharmaceutical services. To determine the effect of bed size, rural vs. urban, and presence of a full- or part-time pharmacist on the quality of pharmaceutical services, three samples of short-term hospitals were drawn: a random sample of Mississippi hospitals with less than 100 beds; all Mississippi hospitals of 100 or more beds; and a sample of hospitals in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In each of the 112 hospitals a personal interview was conducted with either the chief pharmacist or the administrator responsible for the pharmaceutical service. The responses to the items were then tabulated and a structure and a process score were obtained for each hospital. The following conclusions can be made: (1) The quality of the "structural" components is positively related to the bed size and not to whether the hospital is located in a rural or urban setting; (2) the quality of the "process" components is related to both the bed size and the location of the hospital--hospitals having 100 or more beds or located in an urban area have a higher process quality than those having less than 100 beds or located in a rural area; and (3) hospitals employing a full-time pharmacist have a higher quality of care than those who do not.

Beds↗