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Biomedical subjects

H Kuno-Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to H Kuno-Sakai.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Japanese clinical trials with Takeda acellular pertussis vaccine.

Japanese clinical trials with Takeda acellular pertussis vaccine revealed that infants 3 to 8 months of age reacted sufficiently to the vaccine: anti-PT ant-FHA levels after vaccination were as high as those observed with 2 year old children. No substantial difference in general reactions was noted between infants and 2 year old children. Less local reactions were noted in infants.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Characterization and clinical study on the acellular pertussis vaccine produced by a combination of column purified pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin.

Bordetella Pertussis Tohama phase I was cultured in a 300-liter fermentor using a medium containing 0.1% heptakis (2,5-0-dimethyl) beta-cyclodextrin (MeCD). Pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hamagglutinin (FHA) were purified using affinity and ion exchange gel column chromatographies. Endotoxin contents of these antigens (10 micrograms PN/ml) were less than 10 ngLPS/ml. PT and FHA were independently treated with formalin in the presence of amino acid and were mixed at a protein concentration ratio of 1:4, the same ratio of our commercialized acellular pertussis vaccine. PDT vaccine containing 2 micrograms PN of PT and 8 micrograms PN of FHA per milliliter was prepared. This PDT vaccine satisfied all the items of the Japanese Minimum Requirements including potency and toxicity tests. Even after this vaccine was incubated for 4 weeks at 37 degrees C, no deaths of the inoculated mice were observed after challenge with 4 mg of histamine on the 4th and 12th day of the inoculation. Compared with the conventional vaccine, this new vaccine caused less swelling in the mouse footpad test. A field trial of our two vaccines, one manufactured by the conventional method (lot No. 21A) and the other produced by the new method (lot No. KC8702), revealed that children receiving KC8702 showed almost the same anti-PT and anti-FHA antibody levels as those given 21A. Those who received KC8702 suffered from less local side effects such as redness, swelling or induration than those given 21A. Our new method for the production of acellular pertussis vaccine permits us the economical manufacturing of the vaccine with uniform quality in a closed system.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Aerosol infection test for evaluation of pertussis vaccine.

Evaluation of acellular pertussis vaccine and components of B. pertussis was performed by the use of an in vivo assay system consisting of the mouse aerosol challenge test and the antibody responses in mice. Acellular pertussis vaccine (ACP), pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), fimbriae or whole cell vaccine (WPV) were challenged intrapulmonarily with B. pertussis. The number of colonies of B. pertussis in the lungs of the mice were counted. 1. Does response relationships were observed between the dose of the vaccines, APV or WPV, and B. pertussis colony counts in the lungs of mice injected with one of the vaccines or immunogens. Higher doses of the vaccines or immunogens resulted in reduced numbers of colonies of B. pertussis in the lungs of mice. 2. When the amounts of total protein nitrogen were in the same range, APV and a mixture of PT and FHA showed higher protective efficacy than PT or FHA alone. 3. Rises in antibody titers were observed in mice injected with APV, WPV, PT or FHA.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1987

Experiences with acellular pertussis vaccine in Japan and epidemiology of pertussis.

In 1975, with two successive cases of death shortly after whole cell pertussis vaccine, administration of pertussis vaccine was temporarily suspended. The vaccine was soon resumed, but setting the vaccination age at over two years for group vaccination. This caused the fall in pertussis vaccine acceptance rates until 1980, resulting in a nationwide epidemic of pertussis infection, with the peak of the epidemic in 1979. Acellular pertussis vaccine was developed and introduced in 1981, since then the coverage rate with the three-time pertussis vaccination have retained the levels of more than 80%. The number of cases of pertussis infection decreased steadily since 1980 and in 1985, the number of total pertussis patients was as low as those observed before 1974. However, incidence of pertussis patients aged less than 2 year remained higher. Dramatical decrease in side effects of pertussis vaccination was observed after the elevation of the age of the vaccination at mass immunization clinic to two years. Side effects has decreased further after the introduction of acellular pertussis vaccine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of mumps antibodies after measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines.

Mumps antibody titers before and after administration of MMR trivalent combined vaccines from 3 different company were evaluated by mumps IgG Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and by neutralizing antibody test (NT). Seroconversion rates determined with the ELISA were around 90% in all 3 different vaccines. The seroconversion by NT test ranged from 63% to 77%. The mumps ELISA is more sensitive method of determination of antibodies against mumps virus than NT. Since ELISA is a much simpler and easier method of determining antibodies than NT, it will be a method of choice in many clinical laboratories.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Trial of isolation of a virus from sera of patients with Kawasaki disease.

We tried to isolate pathogenic viruses from specimens of patients with Kawasaki disease. Blood clots and sera, spinal fluid, throat swabs, stool and urine from 24 patients with Kawasaki disease were studied. The specimens were inoculated into HEL cells and Vero cells. The cells were observed for one month, but no cytopathic effect (CPE) occurred. Blind passage was performed, but no degeneration of the second series of cells was observed. Fluorescent antibody indirect methods to determine viral antigens in cells inoculated with patients' specimens was also negative.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Total serum IgE and specific IgE antibodies in children with bronchial asthma.

Correlation between total serum IgE levels and RAST scores in a total of 342 asthmatic children were evaluated. The median and range of serum IgE were 1,050 IU/mL and 20 to 10,000 IU/mL respectively. Positive rates of RAST were highest for mites and house dust (87% to 91%) and lowest for milk, dogs, buckwheat, and eggs (2% to 8%). In general, patients with higher RAST scores had higher serum IgE (P less than .05, Mann-Whitney test). In individual cases, however, serum IgE levels did not significantly correlate with RAST scores and RAST was mandatory to estimate the levels of specific IgE antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Correlation of the modified scratch test with the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) in atopic children.

The usefulness of the modified scratch test in predicting clinical allergy and its correlation with the RAST were studied in 83 atopic children. A total of 423 scratch tests were compared with the same number of RAST. Percentage agreements between the two tests for individual allergens ranged from 87.5% (milk) to 50% (cat epithelium). The RAST showed more positive results only for the house dust allergen. Both RAST and scratch tests were not indicative of clinical allergy in the skin and gastrointestinal tract. It was concluded that the modified scratch test may give useful information and remain as one of the routine investigative procedures in pediatric allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay of rubella antibody.

Serum rubella IgG and IgM antibodies were determined in normal healthy women and in rubella patients using rubella Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits. Fifty four per cent (67/125) of healthy women had IgG rubella antibodies. Positive correlation was found between rubella ELISA IgG antibody and rubella hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Elevation of rubella IgM antibody was demonstrated during acute phase of the rubella infection. It was concluded that the ELISA of rubella antibody can be useful in surveying the immune status of a population before performing vaccination and in diagnosing rubella during acute phase.

Antibodies, Viral↗