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Biomedical subjects

H Kudo

Publications and source records attributed to H Kudo.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Preventive effect of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil in combination with uracil on colonic carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats.

Thymidylate synthetase (TS) and thymidine kinase (TK) are key enzymes in de novo and salvage pathways for pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis, respectively. A high incidence of colorectal adenocarcinomas with varied grades of cell differentiation can be induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in rats. The marked increases of TS and TK activities were found in the poorly and well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of the colon, respectively. Oral administration of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil in combination with uracil (UFT) markedly reduced the number and accumulated area of colonic carcinomas, and TS activity in the poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. A potential balance between the de novo and the salvage pathways for pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis was suggested to be related with the histopathological grades of cell differentiation. Suppression of colonic TS activity by UFT administration reduced the colonic carcinogenesis and the potency of the poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas of the colon.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed1997

Preventive effects of polysaccharides extracted from human tubercle bacilli (specific substance of Maruyama) on colonic carcinogenesis in rats.

Polysaccharides extracted from human tubercle bacilli (specific substance of Maruyama [SSM]) have been clinically applied with satisfactory results. Thymidylate synthetase (TS) and thymidine kinase (TK) are key enzymes in de novo and salvage pathways for pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Well- and moderately well differentiated adenocarcinomas induced with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) are widely distributed throughout the colorectal tract with high TK activity, and the poorly differentiated type is mainly restricted in the proximal colon and the cecum with high TS activity in rats. Subcutaneously injecting the rats with SSM reduced TS activity in colonic nontumorous regions, but in the tumorous regions it reduced TK activity compared with that of the DMH-treated rats without SSM treatment. SSM is suggested to reduce the colorectal carcinogenesis induced with DMH by inhibiting DNA synthesis in a de novo pathway, and to suppress the development of the tumors by decreasing DNA synthesis in the salvage pathway in rats.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed1997

[In vitro combination effect of vancomycin and carbapenems against carbapenem-resistant MRSA].

We determined in vitro combined effects of vancomycin (VCM) plus carbapenems (CRBs) on 12 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which are resistant to CRBs. Combinations of VCM plus imipenem (IPM) and VCM plus panipenem (PAPM) and VCM plus meropenem (MEPM) indicated synergistic effects, fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices of < or = 0.05, against 67%, 75%, 67% of the strains, respectively. Against forty two percent of strains tested, 1 MIC of VCM was equal to 1 MBC, and similarly, IPM, PAPM and MEPM had 1 MIC = 1 MBC against 42%, 67% and 75% of the strains tested, respectively. Combinations of VCM plus IPM and VCM plus PAPM and VCM plus MEPM showed synergistic effects, hence a fractional bactericidal concentration (FBC) index of < or = 0.50, against 42%, 50%, 75% of the strains, respectively, and the combination of VCM plus MEPM was most synergistic. These results suggest that combination therapy of VCM with CRB is useful for the treatment of MRSA infection in patients with renal dysfunction.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

[Effects of olprinone on IL-6 and IL-10 production during and after cardiac surgery].

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDEI) has been accepted as an inodilator with positive inotoropic and vasodilating actions. Recently many new PDEIS have been available for the treatment of heart failure. We investigated the effect of a new PDEI-III agent, olprinone, on IL-6 and IL-10 production during and after coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG). Twelve patients scheduled for CABG were assigned to 2 groups. In 6 patients (Group-O), olprinone was administered continuously for 30 minutes at a rate of 0.3 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 (gamma) after the anesthesia induction. Then, the infusion rate of olprinone was decreased to 0.2 gamma and it was kept until the 3rd post-operative day. In another 6 patients (Group-C), phentolamine was used for vasodilator instead of olprinone. The plasma levels of IL-6 in Group-O did not show any significant change during perioperative period, whereas those in Group-C reached the peak at the end of extracorporeal circulation and did not recover to control level until the 3rd post-operative day. The plasma levels of IL-10 in Group-O increased to the maximum level at the end of extra-corporeal circulation and were significantly higher than those in Group-C. It is suggested that olprinone has not only inodilating action but also anti-inflammatory action at therapeutic concentrations used for heart failure.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1997

[A case of interstitial pneumonia induced by intravesical administration of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)].

A 61-year-old man with superficial bladder cancer, which was detected after he complained of hematuria, was treated three times with intravesical BCG administration. Since liver dysfunction was detected thereafter, he was admitted to our hospital. Three days after admission, he complained of dyspnea on exertion associated with severe hypoxemia, as well as abnormal findings on chest X-ray, i.e. extensive bilateral lung densities. We performed bronchoscopic examination and obtained bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung biopsy specimens (TBLB). In the BALF, a marked increase in the total cell number, particularly lymphocytes with a high CD4/CD8 ratio was noted. TBLB specimens revealed the lesions to be numerous non-caseating granulomas. We failed to obtain definite evidence of BCG in the sputum, urine, blood, and BALF. Instead, we found that a lymphocyte stimulation test for BCG (DLST) was strongly positive. Based on these findings, severe interstitial pneumonia probably induced by hypersensitivity against BCG, was diagnosed. Anti-tuberculous agents, and steroid-pulse therapy followed by oral administration of relatively low dose of steroid ameliorated the abnormal conditions, including chest X-ray film findings and hypoxemia. The population of lymphocytes and CD4/CD8 ratio in the BALF were reduced as well. Serious interstitial pneumonia was induced by the intravesical administration of BCG, which resulted in transitional changes in the BALF cell component.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1996

Enhancement of the turnover number of thermostable malate dehydrogenase by deleting hydrogen bonds around the catalytic site.

In malate dehydrogenase from Thermus flavus, substitution of Ile for Thr189, which is involved in hydrogen-bond network around a loop containing catalytic His186, caused an increase in the turnover number at room temperatures. In order to examine the effect of disruption of the hydrogen bonds on the catalytic activity, residues participating in the network were replaced by others which cannot form hydrogen bond by site-directed mutagenesis. All the mutations caused increases in the turnover number at room temperatures. This result suggests that an increase in flexibility introduced around catalytic site enhanced the catalytic activity of the malate dehydrogenase.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Cytophysiology of gonadotropin-releasing-hormone neurons in chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) forebrain before and after upstream migration.

Cytophysiology of gonadotropin-releasing-hormone neurons in chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) was examined before and after upstream migration by an immunocytochemical technique with a specific antiserum to salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone and an in situ hybridization technique with an oligonucleotide encoding salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone precursor (pro-salmon gonadotropin- releasing hormone). In the forebrain (olfactory nerve, olfactory bulb, telencephalon, and preoptic area), salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone-immunoreactive neurons and neurons showing signals for pro-salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone mRNA were compared between fish from the coastal sea and those from the spawning ground. Neurons in the dorsal region of the olfactory nerve and in the ventral region of the transitional area between olfactory nerve and olfactory bulb showed strong salmon gonadotropin-releasing-hormone immunoreactivity and strong hybridization signals in fish from the coastal sea, but these activities and signals were not observed or were decreased in number in fish from the spawning ground. The neurons in the olfactory bulb, telencephalon, and preoptic area consistently revealed salmon gonadotropin-releasing-hormone immunoreactivity and hybridization signals, and the hybridization signals of salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the telencephalon and the preoptic area were stronger in fish from the spawning ground than in those from the coastal sea. These findings suggest that salmon gonadotropin-releasing-hormone neurons in the olfactory nerve and the transitional area between olfactory nerve and olfactory bulb have different patterns of hormone production than those in the telencephalon and the preoptic area.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Aggressive CD5-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma showing c-myc rearrangements developed in a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

A case of CD5-positive diffuse large cell lymphoma in a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is reported. The patient was diagnosed with AIHA in December 1988. Three and a half years later, the patient complained of fever and left sided flank pain. Abnormal lymphocytes appeared in the peripheral blood and were positive for HLA-DR, CD5, CD19, CD20, and surface immunoglobulin (mu, lambda). The pathological diagnosis of the cervical lymphnode was non-Hodgkin lymphoma; diffuse large cell type with a starry sky-like appearance. Although the 8q24 translocation was not detected by karyotypic analysis of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC), Southern blot analysis revealed that the c-myc rearrangements had occurred. This case showed two rearranged bands with Eco RI, Bam HI, or Bgl II digestion, and a germline band with Hin dIII digestion using a second exon fragment of the c-myc gene as a probe. Despite intensive chemotherapy, this patient died 6 months after being diagnosed with malignant lymphoma. We discuss the c-myc rearrangements in this aggressive CD5-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1996

1-(2-Tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil in combination with uracil suppresses mammary carcinogenesis and growth of tumors induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats.

The effects of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil in combination with uracil (UFT) on mammary carcinogenesis and growth of tumors induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) were investigated in rats. Daily oral administration of UFT reduced the incidence and number of mammary tumors compared with those of the DMBA control group, resulting in lower activities in DNA synthesizing enzymes, thymidylate synthetase and thymidine kinase, and a reduction of bromodeoxyuridine-immunoreactive (S-phase) cells in mammary tumors of UFT-treated rats.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1996

Pharmacotherapeutic effects of toki-shakuyaku-san on leukorrhagia in young women.

Toki-shakuyaku-san is a traditional Chinese herbal prescriptions that is composed of 6 herbal plants, i.e., peony root, atractylodes lancea rhizome, alisma rhizome, hoelen, cnidium rhizome and Japanese angelica root. Administration with Toki-shakuyaku-san normalized irregular menstrual cycle, healed cervical pseudo-erosion and reduced leukorrhagia in young women who had insufficient luteal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Unique pits on the erythrocytes of the lesser mouse-deer, Tragulus javanicus.

The lesser mouse-deer, Tragulus javanicus, is the smallest living ungulate and it possesses the smallest erythrocytes amongst mammalian species. We observed pits on its erythrocytes by scanning electron microscopy. They were 68-390 nm in diameter (135 +/- 65 nm) and appeared in 12.8% of erythrocytes examined. They represent unique structures that have not previously been reported physiologically or pathologically.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Psychiatric problems of pediatric end-stage renal failure.

Our study compared 53 children with end-stage renal disease (26 children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 27 children with kidney transplants) to a matched sample of 27 healthy children. Seventeen of the children on dialysis (65.4%) exhibited separation anxiety disorder, which was associated with the family psychological environment. After receiving kidney transplantation, school maladjustment continued, and adjustment disorder was seen in eight children (29.6%). The adjustment disorder was related to poor relationships with peers at school.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1995

Food intake, nutrient utilization and water turnover in the lesser mouse-deer (Tragulus javanicus) given lundai (Sapium baccatum).

Voluntary food intake, digestibility and water turnover were determined in adult Malaysian lesser mouse-deer (Tragulus javanicus) given unlimited access to lundai foliage (Sapium baccatum). Daily dry matter (DM) intake was 42.4 g/kg metabolic live mass (M0.73) or 3.7% M. Digestible energy intake was 853 kJ/day (571 kJ metabolisable energy per M0.73), calculated to be used with 79% efficiency. Apparent digestibility (%) of organic matter was 83.8, crude fibre 63.7, acid detergent fibre 60.5, neutral detergent fibre 72.1 and crude protein 65.0. Urinary excretion of the purine derivative, allantoin, was 0.05 mg/g digestible DM intake suggesting rumen microbial yield efficiency may be lower than in other ruminant species. Total water intake was 182 ml/M0.82. The body-water content of the fed mouse-deer, from tritiated water dilution, was 77% M, consistent with a very lean carcass. Turnover of body water was 17% per day. The mouse-deer produced relatively dry, well-defined faecal pellets.

Allantoin↗
PubMed1995

Circumferential Peyronie's disease involving both the corpora cavernosa.

An extraordinary form of Peyronies disease is reported. The patient was a 52 year old male, who died of a malignant thymoma with multiple bone metastasis, extensive pleural carcinomatosis of the left lung and some metastatic nodules in the liver and the mesenterium. At autopsy, the proximal and middle portions of the penis were very hard. Macroscopically, the entire tunica albuginea of both the corpora cavernosa was markedly thickened, 2-4 mm; and calcified. Microscopically, the tunica albuginea showed extensive hyaline degeneration, calcification and ossifying foci with osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Inflammatory cells were frequently found beneath the thickened tunica albuginea. In the corpus cavernosum, cavernous arteries showed marked intimal thickening and medial muscular degeneration with a few inflammatory cells. Smooth muscles of the stroma were extensively atrophic and degenerative, and some of them were infiltrated with a few inflammatory cells. In the corpus spongiosum, the tunica albuginea was not thickened, but the smooth muscle in the stroma was atrophic and degenerative and a few inflammatory cells were also found. Surprisingly, there was no Littrés gland around the urethra. In Peyronies disease, the dorsal part of the penis is usually involved, and less frequently lateral or ventral sites are involved. The circumferential involvement of both the corpora cavernosa has not been reported until now, as far as the authors know.

Humans↗