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Biomedical subjects

H Krejcová

Publications and source records attributed to H Krejcová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[High dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma: long-term follow-up in patients treated in one center].

BACKGROUND: Majority of patients with Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) can be cured by first line therapy. The high dose therapy (HDT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the option which can be used in the situation when the conventional therapy failed. METHODS AND RESULTS. Beginning 1994 till 2005 84 pts with HL who did not respond the conventional chemotherapy underwent 105 HDT procedures with ASCT. The median age at the time of HDT was 30.5 years. The reason for salvage therapy followed by HDT with ASCT was the failure to achieve 1st complete remission-- CR (n 16) or the subsequent relapse or progression (n 68). The disease status at the time of HDT after conventional salvage chemotherapy was assessed as chemosensitive in 65 pts (77.4%) and chemoresistant in 19 pts (22.6%). The most frequent HDT regimen used was BEAM (82 HDT), 22 pts entered into the tandem HDT program. Bone marrow only was used as the source of progenitor cells in 4 ASCT, peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) only were used in 85 ASCT and the combination of both in 16 ASCT. The disease status after the HDT with ASCT was assessed (77 pts were qualifiable) as CR in 39 pts (50.6%), PR in 31 (40.3%) and as stable disease or progression in 7 pts (9.1%). Treatment related mortality in HDT with PBPC was 3.9%. The median follow up is 5.3 years. The five year probability of event free survival (EFS) is 43.1% and overall survival 53.2%. The EFS and OS probability respectively for the chemosensitive patients was 48.6% and 62.9% respectively. The status at HDT and the results after it have prognostic significance. There were observed 39 deaths and 26 of them were caused by disease progression. Secondary tumor was observed in 5 pts and in all of them it caused the death. CONCLUSIONS: The HDT with ASCT allows the long-term survival without disease progression in about a half of the patients with reasonable toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Cell clonality in myelodysplastic syndrome].

INTRODUCTION: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are classified as oncohematologic, clonal diseases. However, some MDS subtypes lack malignant clinical features. Literary data on the clonality of blood cells in MDS are controversial. Therefore we examined the clonality in the group of our own MDS patients. We were especially interested in the comparison of the clonality of myeloid and lymphoid cell line-ages. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Using X-chromosome inactivation methods based on polymorphism in human androgen receptor gene (HUMARA), iduronate sulphatase gene (IDS) and protein p55 gene, we assessed the clonality of granulocytes, monocytes and T-lymphocytes of 49 female patients with MDS and 12 control women of various ages. RESULTS: Though the results were heterogeneous, certain trends were observed: most frequently monoclonality of monocytes was found (51%), granulocytes were monoclonal in 33% of cases, monoclonal T lymphocytes only in 8% of cases. There was no case with monoclonal T lymphocytes and simultaneously polyclonal myeloid cell fractions. Results differ in relation to the subtypes of MDS. Among controls we observed monoclonality of myeloid cells in one case of an old lady. WE CONCLUDE: The results confirm the presence of malignant clone of myeloid cells in MDS, which can be of variable size. The examination of the clonality in MDS can be significant for the therapy decision. Monoclonal myeloid cells are found least frequently in refractory anemia, most frequently in RAEB-T. Monoclonality of cells in sideroblastic anemia is interesting. The prevailing polyclonality of T lymphocytes in MDS can be explained by the presence of a long-lived cell population originating from the period before the development of MDS. The role of the polyclonal memory T cells in the antitumor immunity in MDS is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most frequent serious neurologic diseases. Etiologically, MS involves genetic, viral and other factors. The key pathogenic mechanisms reside in the autoimmune reaction of activated CD4+ T lymphocytes crossing the haematoencephalic barrier and attacking different epitopes of the basic protein and proteolipid of myelin sheaths. The damaging reaction involving activated macrophages, destructive inflammatory cytokines and toxic radicals leads to the development of disseminated plaques. The passage of autoimmune T lymphocytes to the brain tissue is facilitated by overexpression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, neural cells and immunocytes. The diagnosis of MS is based on characteristic changes in the blood and liquor, and on the results of modern methods, especially (gadolinium enhanced) MRI. The "classical" treatment is based on glucorticosteroids, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and other chemicals which are not fully satisfactory and are accompanied by serious side-effects. Therefore, attention will be paid to three prospective biological methods of treatment: 1) peroral application of bovine myelin, its fractions, and synthetic copolymer-1, aimed at the restoration of immune tolerance; 2) injections of natural and recombinant interferon-beta, interfering with the pathogenic IFN-gamma and other cytokines; 3) systemic enzyme therapy (residing in peroral application of combinations of animal and herbal hydrolytic enzymes), which modulates adhesion molecules and suppresses the activation of autoimmune T lymphocytes. The chief results of clinical studies with respect to the effectiveness and safety of these therapeutic methods, will be summarized. (Ref. 34.)

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Midodrine, a new therapeutic agent: recent experience.

Midodrine, marketed as Gutron by Hafslund Nycomed, was given at a dose of 2.5 mg three times daily always half an hour after the main meal for a period of 84 days to 8 women in the age of 25.42 years--average 34.5 yrs--and BMI of 19.8. These women with a blood pressure value below 100/60 mmHg most of the time displayed signs of neuroticism but had no organic and neurologic lesion. Clinical internal examination, Jarmatz-de Marée test, ECG-supine, standing, Holter dynamic ECG, ergometry, arterial and venous plethysmography, Doppler distal pressures-supine, standing, clinical neurological examination, EEG, perfusion brain tomography-supine, standing, urine examination--chemically and microscopically--, blood count, Na, K, Cl, glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, bilirubin, gamma-GT, alk. phosphatase, LDH, ALT, AST, thrombocyte index and the count of desquamated endothelia in blood before and after the end of 84-days Gutron therapy were carried out. It was ascertained that: (1) Gutron had no side effects; the marked subjective improvement reported by all patients persisted for months after the end of therapy. (2) No changes in biochemical parameters, ECG, Holter ECG monitoring, pulse rate, Doppler index and EEG were found. (3) Gutron did not raise the tendency to platelet aggregation and had no toxic effect on the vascular endothelium as demonstrated by unchanged thrombocyte index and endothelaemia. (4) Gutron administration was associated with a significant rise in upright diastolic pressure, especially when standing for prolonged periods--Jarmatz-de Marée test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Treatment of polyneuropathy using sabeluzole].

Two groups of patients suffering from polyneuropathy were treated by sabeluzol. The first group--a double blind placebo controlled study consisting of 30 diabetics of type II did not prove either significant differences of their subjective complaints or changes of their objective findings (the dose of sabeluzole being 2 x 10 mg/d). The second group--open study--consisting of 26 patients suffering from polyneuropathy of various origin, treated by sabeluzole 3 x 10 mg/d. The therapeutic effect was significantly higher in comparison to the above mentioned lower doses of the medicament (manifesting statistical significance of 5 and 10%); the authors make a point of sabeluzol's therapeutic efficacy, especially in cases with acute polyneuropathy onset and point out the necessity of several months lasting treatment. Positive effect upon the pseudoneurasthenic syndrome in many patients indicates its usefulness also in other disorders than are these of polyneuropathy.

Diabetic Neuropathies↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of muscle relaxants on the function of the vestibulo-ocular reflex arc].

Baclofen affects in experiments the reactivity of the vestibuloocular reflex by influencing the time constant of the vestibular nystagmus. The authors compare in three healthy volunteers the reactivity of the vestibular apparatus after administration of Baclofen and a new muscle-relaxant drug tizanidine. The authors evaluate basic parameters of the vestibular and optokinetic nystagmus (gain and time constant), discuss the problem of GABAergic (Baclofen) and monoaminergic (tizanide) receptors kin the area of the vestibular apparatus. As regards the effect on the reactivity of the vestibular system, tizanidine does not affect immediately the response of the vestibuloocular reflex but interferes with processes ensured by the central neuronal integrator.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Vestibular abnormalities in encephalopathia pugilistica.

Vestibulological examination of boxers revealed that 80% had vestibular abnormalities. These were obvious, but well compensated, so that they remained hidden in everyday life and appeared only on laboratory examination or under stress. Regarding the origin of vestibulo-ocular reflex, abnormalities in boxing contribute three etiopathogenetic factors: the first is the direct traumatization of the vestibular apparatus by a direct blow. The second is the diffuse damage of the brain-stem white matter and of vestibular nuclei. The third factor is the traumatization of the cervical spine via the traumatization of the proprioceptive systems, cervical sympathetic and the adjacent vascular mechanisms. One-third of the abnormalities are caused by direct labyrinthine traumatization. The findings of simultaneous EEG, OKN and ETT abnormalities in one-half of our subjects suggests that there are probably also supratentorial lesions caused by the above-mentioned mechanisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Terguride in parkinsonism. A multicenter trial.

Terguride is an ergoline derivative with mixed agonistic/antagonistic dopaminergic activity. This led to a paradoxical suggestion that it is effective in the treatment of both schizophrenia and parkinsonism. A total of 65 in- or outpatients with parkinsonism mostly of vascular or idiopathic etiology were included in a 4-week, open, multicenter trial. Terguride was administered under an increasing dose schedule which was leveled off according to the clinical response. Mostly because of nausea, vomiting, and lack of improvement 25% of inpatients and 61% of outpatients were removed from the study. The average daily dose at the end of the trial was 4.2 mg, ranging from 1.0 to 5.5 mg. The average Simpson and Angus scale total score and performance in the Spiral Drawing Task improved significantly during the trial by 20% and 38% respectively. The following adverse effects were noted most frequently throughout the study (including those who withdrew): constipation (occurred in 42% of all ratings performed during the trial) drowsiness and nausea (16% each). Adverse circulatory effects were negligible. Psychotic symptoms, including depression, confusion, hallucinations, and paranoid syndrome, each occurred in 1 patient, i.e., at a lower rate than with other dopaminergic drugs. Scotopic electroretinograms in a subsample of 7 patients showed a significant transitory decrease in the B-wave amplitude at the end of the 1st week and a subsequent return to pretreatment values.

Adult↗