Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Kreipe

Publications and source records attributed to H Kreipe.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Proliferation, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor-receptor expression of alveolar macrophages in active sarcoidosis.

Alveolar macrophages (AM) in sarcoidosis display an enhanced mitotic activity. Immunocytochemical detection of the proliferation-associated Ki-67 antigen revealed significant increase in the number of proliferating AM in active sarcoidosis as compared with inactive stages of disease. Macrophage proliferation may provide an additional marker of disease activity. Since growth of macrophages is regulated by hematopoietic growth factors, we examined the expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), granulocyte M-CSF, and interleukin-3 by bronchoalveolar lavage cells in active sarcoidosis. Expression of granulocyte M-CSF or interleukin-3 genes could not be detected. AM in active sarcoidosis displayed M-CSF RNA to a comparable level like normal AM. They differed, however, in about 50% of cases analyzed, from normal AM by an enhanced level of c-fms proto-oncogene (M-CSF-receptor) expression. The enlarged proportion of proliferating AM in active sarcoidosis may be the result of an increased influx of strongly fms expressing macrophage precursors into the alveoli and autostimulation of macrophages by M-CSF.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clonality and stem cell defects in the molecular pathology of chronic myeloproliferative disorders].

The chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMD) are characterized by sustained or progressive proliferations of bone marrow cells, affecting one or more lineages in varying combinations. They are classified in 4 subgroups but transitional forms and transformations among the different entities are common. Analysing RFLPs and methylation patterns of X-chromosomal genes we could show, that in each entity granulocytes as well as bone marrow cells are of monoclonal origin. These findings support the view that all forms of CMD have in common that they arise from a multipotent hematopoietic stem cell. CML can be differentiated from all other forms of CMD by the Philadelphia-chromosome which on the molecular level has been revealed as bcr-abl gene junction. We investigated 258 cases of CMD for rearrangement of the bcr gene and found that it selectively occurred in CML. The methods applied can be of diagnostic value in differentiating reactive from neoplastic proliferations by analysis of clonality, and in differentiation of CML from other types of CMD by detection of the bcr-rearrangement.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1990

[Proliferation of alveolar macrophages in pulmonary sarcoidosis correlates with markers of lymphocyte activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid].

The proliferation of alveolar macrophages in 47 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis was investigated using immune peroxidase stains with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67. In patients suffering from sarcoidosis, a significantly elevated number of Ki-67-positive alveolar macrophages was observed. The number of proliferating alveolar macrophages showed a significant positive correlation both with the number of lymphocytes in the BAL fluid and with the T4/T8 quotient in the BAL fluid of sarcoidosis patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[Functional and morphological characterization of alveolar macrophages from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis].

Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in 28 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. Enzyme cytochemical staining with the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase revealed a significantly increased portion of sarcoidosis macrophages showing a monocyte-like phenotype. Immunocytochemical staining with the proliferation-associated monoclonal antibody Ki-67 showed an increase of proliferating monocyte/macrophages related to disease activity in sarcoidosis. A functional activation of alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis is indicated by spontaneous interleukin-1 secretion and increased release of oxygen free radical in sarcoidosis alveolar macrophages.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1990

[Interleukin 1 secretion from alveolar macrophages in pulmonary sarcoidosis].

Alveolar macrophages obtained from 28 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis were investigated to determine their ability spontaneously to release interleukin 1. In 14 of these patients, a significant spontaneous liberation of interleukin 1 was observed; the BAL parameters of these patients pointed to an elevated activity of the disease.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1989

[Phenotypic analysis and gene expression of inflammatory reaction forms of the monocyte/macrophage system].

The phenotypic heterogeneity of the monocyte/macrophage system is mirrored by the various inflammatory reactions of this cell system. Using monoclonal antibodies functional subpopulations of the monocyte/macrophage system can be observed, though the pathophysiological processes of the various inflammatory reactions still remain mostly unclear. By analysing phenotypic properties and gene expression in cells of the bronchoalveolar lavage it will be shown that the activity and the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms of reactive processes can be defined.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1989

[Spontaneous interleukin 1 secretion by alveolar macrophages from the bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with active sarcoidosis].

Alveolar macrophages from 28 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, from 6 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and from 8 control subjects were tested for their spontaneous interleukin-1 release. Whereas alveolar macrophages from the controls and from the patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis did not show a significant release of interleukin 1, 14 of the sarcoidosis patients displayed a considerable spontaneous interleukin-1 secretion. Besides radiographic signs of an increased disease activity these patients revealed a significantly elevated number of lymphocytes and a significantly increased T4/T8-ratio in the bronchoalveolar lavage indicating an enhanced inflammatory activity of sarcoidosis. The spontaneous interleukin-1 release is possibly due to a raised number of immature alveolar macrophages in the lung of patients with sarcoidosis.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1988

Diversity of the human monocyte/macrophage system as detected by monoclonal antibodies.

Four monoclonal antibodies against the human monocyte/macrophage system, termed Ki-M1, Ki-M6, Ki-M7, and Ki-M8, are described with regard to their immunohistochemical tissue distribution pattern and their subcellular reactive sites. The differences found applying these analyses are also reflected by the various molecular weights of the recognized antigens. Based on these data it is proposed that the monocyte/macrophage system can be divided into the phagocytosing compartment on one hand and the immune accessory compartment on the other hand; the latter constitutes the interdigitating reticulum cells, the indeterminate dendritic cells, and the Langerhans cells, as well as the follicular dendritic cells (dendritic reticulum cells) as the accessory cells for T- and B-cell immune response, respectively.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Modulation of c-fms proto-oncogene expression in human blood monocytes and macrophages.

The gene product of the c-fms proto-oncogene is a transmembrane protein with tyrosine-kinase activity that is obviously related to the receptor for the colony-stimulating-factor CSF-1. By Northern blot analysis, we investigated the expression of the cellular counterpart of v-fms in purified normal human blood mononuclear cells and different macrophage populations. The proto-oncogene c-fms expression was demonstrable in blood monocytes but not in blood lymphocytes. Short-term cultivated blood monocytes exhibited an increased expression of c-fms in comparison to freshly isolated blood monocytes, possibly due to a temporary down regulation of c-fms during the separation procedure of blood monocytes. A comparably high rate of fms-RNA expression was found in most of the analyzed samples of resident peritoneal macrophages, while resident alveolar macrophages showed a considerably lower level of c-fms expression. In this, alveolar macrophages resembled long-term cultivated adherent blood monocytes, which showed a down regulation of c-fms expression. By correlating these data obtained by Northern blot analysis with phenotypic properties of the analyzed monocyte/macrophage populations, it is concluded that different levels of c-fms expression in monocytes/macrophages correspond to their stage of differentiation and maturity.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1988

Diminished activity of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase in alveolar macrophages from patients with active sarcoidosis.

Alveolar macrophages differ from their percursors in blood, monocytes, by expressing strong activity of the tartrate resistant variant of acid phosphatase (TAcP). A study was carried out to analyse the expression of this enzyme cytochemical marker by alveolar macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage cells from 34 patients with sarcoidosis and 12 control subjects. Alveolar macrophages from control subjects displayed a strong and homogeneous staining pattern and only 0.1% of cells were negative after staining. Macrophages from patients with sarcoidosis showed reduced TAcP activity and up to 7% of the cells were negative. The percentage of TAcP negative macrophages was correlated with the percentage of lymphocytes and with the ratio of CD4 to CD8 lymphocytes among cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage. The reduced TAcP activity in alveolar macrophages from patients with sarcoidosis may be due to an increased recruitment of immature precursors from blood.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

Multinucleated giant cells generated in vitro. Terminally differentiated macrophages with down-regulated c-fms expression.

Although multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) are a known feature of granulomatous reactions, little is known about their destination and function. In this study human blood monocyte (BM)-derived giant cells were generated by lymphokine stimulation in vitro. Their immunophenotype and ultrastructural morphology resembled that of MGCs occurring in vivo. Mitotic activity within MGCs could not be established either in vitro or in vivo. Enzyme equipment of MGCs was elevated in comparison with monocyte-macrophages. In comparison with unfused monocyte-macrophages, MGCs did not reveal a higher level of interleukin-1 production or cytostatic activity. They showed, however, a 20-30-fold increase in the production of oxygen-free radicals in response to zymosan. Transcription of the proto-oncogene c-fms was enhanced in short-term cultivated BM and was rapidly down-regulated in MGCs after fusion had occurred. It is concluded that MGCs represent highly stimulated cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage at a terminal stage of maturation.

Antigens↗
PubMed1987

An improved method for elimination of mycoplasmas from cell cultures.

Cell lines infected by different species of mycoplasma (Mycoplasma orale, Mycoplasma hominis) were decontaminated by co-culture with human blood monocyte (BM)-derived macrophages and pooled human immunoglobulin preparations. Co-cultures with BM-derived macrophages or murine peritoneal macrophages (PM) alone were not successful. The phenotype of infected cell lines did not differ from that of uninfected cell lines as revealed by morphological, enzymecytochemical, and immunocytochemical analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Ki-M7 monoclonal antibody specific for myelomonocytic cell lineage and macrophages in human.

We describe a new monoclonal antibody, termed Ki-M7, which is specific to human myelomonocytic cell lineage and macrophages, as tested by immunohistochemical methods. Ki-M7 recognizes an intracytoplasmic antigen of molecular weight 29,000. Ultrastructurally, the antigen is localized in the lysosome and phagosome compartments and seems to be involved in generation of oxygen radicals during the respiratory burst. Dendritic cells, such as dendritic reticulum cells of lymphoid follicles and interdigitating reticulum cells of lymphoid T-zones, considered as accessory cells of the B- and T-cell immune response, respectively, do not show any reactivity with monoclonal antibody Ki-M7. Ki-M7 seems to be an appropriate reagent to clearly differentiate between the phagocytosing and the immune accessory population of the human monocyte/macrophage system.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Human neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes display different levels of c-fos proto-oncogene expression: an in situ hybridization study.

The cellular homologue of the retroviral oncogene v-fos has been shown to be involved in cell differentiation of hematopoietic cells. By use of the human promyelocyte cell line HL-60, several in vitro differentiation studies suggested a selective activation of c-fos during monocytic differentiation of myeloid precursor cells. In contrast to these observations, we found high levels of c-fos mRNA in purified normal human granulocytes, whereas c-fos was only faintly expressed in blood monocytes. In situ hybridization revealed that the high level of c-fos expression is restricted to neutrophilic granulocytes, whereas c-fos transcription is not detectable in eosinophilic granulocytes. These results indicate that in vitro differentiation systems can be misleading and may not reflect the in vivo situation. The high level of c-fos expression in neutrophilic granulocytes may be caused by superinduction due to the reduced capacity for protein synthesis in these cells.

Eosinophils↗
PubMed1987

Ki-M8 monoclonal antibody reactive with an intracytoplasmic antigen of monocyte/macrophage lineage.

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb), Ki-M8, that reacts specifically with cells of the monocyte/macrophage system is described. On light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry, Ki-M8 recognizes intracytoplasmatically localized antigens of mol wt 30,000 and 32,000, increasingly expressed during differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. Ki-M8 antigen is detectable on almost all known tissue macrophages and monocyte/macrophage-related cell lines after appropriate stimulation. In functional terms Ki-M8 significantly impairs the generation of oxygen radicals during an induced respiratory burst. Applied to acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias, a clear-cut differentiation of the monocytic phenotype and differentiation is possible on the basis of Ki-M8 immunoreactivity. Ki-M8 represents a reagent specific for the monocyte/macrophage system with regard to antigen distribution in normal and neoplastic cells as well as with regard to its influence on a typical monocyte/macrophage-related function.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

The protooncogene c-fos is transcriptionally active in normal human granulocytes.

Total cellular RNA of highly purified normal human blood cell populations was analyzed for the expression of the protooncogene c-fos, the cellular counterpart of the transforming FBJ virus. In marked contrast to previous findings based on in vitro studies with permanent leukemic cell lines, c-fos transcription was restricted to granulocytes. Neither blood monocytes nor blood lymphocytes or alveolar macrophages revealed detectable levels of c-fos transcription. Whereas this cellular oncogene is constitutively expressed in granulocytes, the monocytic cell line U-937 showed a transient c-fos transcription only after induction of differentiation. The contradiction between the results found in vivo and in vitro is discussed.

Blood Cells↗