Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Krauss

Publications and source records attributed to H Krauss.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Ultrastructural investigations on anionic surface sites of Brucella canis (author's transl)].

Anionic sites on the surface of Brucella canis were visualized in the electron microscope by staining with positively charged ferric oxide hydrosols in acetic acid (AI-reagent), or propanoic acid (PI-reagent), and with a polycationic ferritin derivative. With the AI-reagent, single or small aggregates of ferric oxide particles were bound to the cell surface of Br. canis, whereas, with the lipophilic PI-reagent, the microorganisms were heavily stained with focal aggregates of iron granules. The polycationic ferritin label was uniformly distributed over the entire cell surface of Br. canis. The ferritin label was not bound on the surface of the organisms after prior treatment with trichloroacetic acid or methanolic hydrochloric acid. Treatment with aqueous acetone, chloroform/methanol, diethyl ether, sodium deoxycholate, pronase, lysozyme, hyaluronidase, and sodium periodate neither influenced the morphology of the Brucella nor diminished their ionic binding sites. Our results indicate that the anionic sites on the cell surface of Br. canis may be carboxyl and phosphate groups of lipopolysaccharides.

Anions↗
PubMed1977

Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies on anionic surface sites of Mycoplasma membranes.

Negatively charged, chemical groups on the surfaces of mycoplasma membranes were studied in the electron microscope by staining with positively charged ferric oxide hydrosols in the acetic acid (AI-reagent) or propanoic acid (PI-reagent), respectively. The technique of thin sectioning was used. With the AI-reagent, no significant binding of the ferric oxide particles was observed on the mycoplasma membranes. With the lipophilic PI-reagent, the membrane surfaces of M. mycoides subsp. capri, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, M. gallisepticum, and Acholeplasma laidlawii were heavily stained with focal aggregates of iron granules. M. hominis did not bind the label. Prior chemical and enzymatic treatments indicate that the cationic ferric oxide particles in propanoic acid interact with negatively charged, presumably lipid phosphate groups exposed on the surfaces of mycoplasma membranes.

Anions↗
PubMed1977

[Physiotherapy after lung resection (author's transl)].

Physiotherapy for lung resection begins well before the operation and should serve to improve the respiratory function and to prevent complications. The whole training programme should be carried out in an automated manner, this is especially important for the time immediately after the operation. Postoperative physiotherapy aimsat thorough cleaning of the bronchi, adaption of the ventilation, good peripheral circulation and helps to diminish would pain. In a later period physiotherapy should help to rehabilitate the patient's external respiratory function to train the respiratory stereotype and to improve cardiopulmonary effiency.

Breathing Exercises↗
PubMed1976

Lysis of Acholeplasma laidlawii by antibodies and complement.

Membranes of Acholeplasma laidlawii were used to determine the membrane components involved in immune lysis and to eventually detect enzymatic changes in the membrane components during this reaction. In a previous publication we reported that A. laidlawii can be killed by antibody and complement and that antibodies to membrane proteins are by far more effective than antibodies to membrane lipids in the complement-dependent killing of this organism. In this report we demonstrate that membrane damage occurs after the combined action of antibody and complement. In addition, the cytoplasmic enzyme hexokinase is released during immune killing. As visualized by electron microscopy, the organisms lost their cytoplasm and were transformed into ghosts. In the majority of organisms, tears in the membrane could be seen. Ultrastructural lesions of about 8.0 to 10 nm in diameter were visible when the organisms were incubated with antiserum and complement. 14C-labeled fatty acids were incorporated during growth into A. laidlawii membrane lipids. After incubation of labeled organisms with antiserum and complement, release of radioactive material into the supernatant and changes in the lipid composition were not observeed. Enzymatic degradation of membrane lipids of A. laidlawii during immune lysis was not detected.

Acholeplasma↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructural visualization of anionic sites on mycoplasma membranes by polycationic ferritin.

Anionic sites on mycoplasma membranes were visualized in the electron microscope by a polycationized ferritin derivative. The technique of thin sectioning was used. Staining prior to fixation led to clustering of ferritin granules on the mycoplasma cell surface. On glutaraldehyde-fixed Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, M. gallisepticum, M. pneumoniae, and Acholeplasma laidlawii, the anionic sites were uniformly distributed over the entire membrane surface. M. hominis did not bind the polycationic ferritin label. Chemical and enzymatic treatments of the mycoplasmas indicated that the anionic sites may be lipid phosphate groups. Isolated M. mycoides subsp. capri membranes were labeled exclusively on only one membrane surface, presumably the outer one. Liposomes prepared from diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine were also labeled by the polycationic ferritin.

Acholeplasma laidlawii↗
PubMed1975

[Purification of coxiella burneti antigen by density gradient centrifugation (author's transl)].

Coxiella burneti, strain Henzerling, Phase II, was recovered from yolk sacs of infected chidken embryos by mechanical separation, treated with Freon and purified by density gradient centrifugation. A J-21 Beckman Centrifuge was applied and the JCF-Z Rotor with a zonal as well as a continuous flow core was used. The technique of producing different types of gradients with a wide range of density (1-60% Sucrose) without a gradient pump is described. With the zonal core a good separation of antigen from unspecific proteins was achieved with 60 Min. at 15000 rpm (Fig. 2-4). The antigens bandet in 1-4 characteristic peaks within the range of 45-49% Sucrose (1,2102-1,2532 g/ml), according to the gradient used. A certain amount of specific fluorescent antigen was also found within the peaks of unspecific protein at densities of 18 -- 20% Sucrose (1,0776-1,0820 g/ml). Centrifugation for more than 1 hour only caused a shift of the antigen peaks into a higher range of density. Using the continuous flow core 2 antigen peaks were found within a density of 43-50% Sucrose (1,1961-1,2341 g/ml). Unspecific protein banded with a peak at 15% Sucrose (1,0612 g/ml); small amounts of specific fluorescent antigen were also found within that density. Approaching equilibrium by centrifuging up to 44 hours at 19000 rpm caused the Coxiella antigens to band at 54% Sucrose (1,2544 g/ml).

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Potency testing of inactivated rabies vaccines with the antibody binding test in comparison with the NIH and habel test(author's transl)].

The Antibody Binding Test, a new technique for the evaluation of inactivated Rabies vaccines, developed by Arko, Wiktor and Sikes, was compared with the NIH- and Habel Test. Various vaccines were tested with these methods with the following results and conclusions. 1. The Habel Test was useful for testing of Hempt vaccines. With highly potent vaccines however it was not possible to get exact protection values, for all vaccinated mice were protected against all virus dilutions. 2. The NIH Test seemed to have an advantage over the Habel Test, since animals are vaccinated only twice, instead of 6 times, within two weeks. But this test was less suitable for the evaluation of Hempt vaccines. The requested Antigenic Value was reached only rarely with these vaccines. Repeated, NIH Tests gave widely differing results with Hempt vaccines. Vaccines which passed the NIH Test also passed the Habel Test, but not always vice versa. Antigenic Values of highly potent vaccines could be determined exactly with the NIH Test. This method is much better standardized by using a Standard vaccine in the test. The NIH Test is preferable for inactivated Rabies vaccines, with the exception of vaccines containing brain tissue, like the Hempt vaccine. 3. The Antibody Binding Test is a useful technique for the examination of inactivated cell culture vaccines. Consistent results can be achieved by skilled and experienced laboratory personnel. To avoid irregularities in the mortality rates, at least 10 mice should be used for each dilution of vaccine. With this method only Rabies virus antigen is measured which is bound by serum antibody during an incubation period of 60 min. Other factors supporting immunization like adjuvant- or booster-effects are not evaluated. Compared with the Habel and NIH Test the Antibody Binding Test is the best method for the evaluation of the amount of antigen in a Rabies vaccine. Hempt vaccines reached - as they did in the NIH Test - only Antigenic Values in this test. Vaccines with an Antigenic Value of larger than or equal to 0,3 in the Antibody Binding Test gave positive results also in the Habel and NIH Test, Vaccines with a Protection Value of 10-3 in the Habel Test and an Antigenic Value of 0,3 in the NIH Test did not always reach an Antigenic Value of 0.3 in the Antibody Binding Test.

Animals↗