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Biomedical subjects

H Krause

Publications and source records attributed to H Krause.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Radiologic picture production and communication in the hospital. Quantitative framework and analysis].

To obtain an overall impression of the quantitative distribution and the communication structure of the conventional situation still in force in the area of radiological picture production and communication in the hospital, a comprehensive study was carried out against the background of the planned implementation of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS). In the present paper the total production rate of X-ray pictures, the equivalent amount of digital storage capacity, the topology of picture communication lines and their picture transfer rates and the temporal distribution on demand of archived prediagnosis X-ray pictures are detailed.

Germany↗
PubMed1990

[Presence of methadone in apocrine sweat of the human].

The presence of methadone was investigated in 24-h perspiration samples obtained from patients receiving daily maintenance doses of the drug. The samples were collected from the axillary region. The concentrations measured by radioimmunoassay ranged from 8.3 ng/cm2 per 24 h up to 25.3 ng/cm2 per 24 h. The concentrations determined by RIA are the sum of methadone and its metabolites. The presence of the drug in the perspiration samples were also revealed by GC/MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Intrahospital transport of critically ill patients.

Severe complications sometimes occur in critically ill patients during intrahospital transport. Possible causes may be inadequate ventilation, insufficient monitoring, interrupted application of vasoactive drugs, or disconnections and accidental extubation. We constructed a transport unit equipped with a respirator; capnometer; monitor to measure ECG, arterial and intracranial pressures, and temperature; and two syringe pumps that can be connected easily to the patient's bed. Gas is supplied by cylinders with oxygen and air. Electrical power is supplied by two accumulators connected to recharger and transformer devices that deliver 220 V (110 V). Since this transfer unit was introduced, we have had no unanticipated problems during intrahospital ICU patient transport.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1990

Arachidonate metabolism in macrophages is affected by albumin.

The incorporation of externally added arachidonic acid into membrane lipids of cultured liver macrophages was found to be strongly inhibited by albumin. Furthermore this protein increased the appearance of radiolabelled arachidonic acid in cell media from [3H] arachidonic acid-prelabelled cells but inhibited almost totally the stimulus-induced formation of prostanoids. Analysis of the membrane lipids revealed that in the presence of albumin arachidonic acid was released to almost the same percentage from all phospholipids, independently of the stimulus. In contrast, in the absence of albumin a significant loss of arachidonic acid was observed for phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyl-inositol only and the degree of the decrease in label was dependent on the stimulus. Although the exact mechanisms for these actions of albumin are not yet known this protein clearly exerts an inhibitory effect on arachidonic acid incorporation into membrane lipids as well as on the synthesis of different eicosanoids in macrophages; on the other hand albumin leads to an enhanced appearance of arachidonic acid in the cell media. Therefore this protein may be able to control the level of free arachidonic acid within and outside the cell and thereby the conversion of arachidonic acid into eicosanoids.

Albumins↗
PubMed1990

Use of molecular cloned viral genomes for studies into interrelationship between type D retroviruses from monkey and human cells.

Type D retroviruses constitute a group of RNA tumor viruses so far isolated exclusively from primates. 4 groups of isolates are known to date (Mason-Pfizer virus, agents of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome--SAIDS, endogenous viruses of Old World and New World monkeys, and some isolates from cell lines--PMF virus). The members of the latter group are well characterized at protein-chemical and immunological levels. Briefly described in this paper are the results of our studies into the molecular structure of the viral genome of PMFV in relation to other members of the group (SAIDS-retrovirus/NE, MPMV, and SRV-1).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning of a type D retrovirus from human cells (PMFV) and its homology to simian acquired immunodeficiency type D retroviruses.

Unintegrated circular proviral DNA of a type D retrovirus (PMFV) isolated from a permanent human cell line was molecularly cloned in the bacteriophage vector L47.1 and subcloned in the plasmid vector pGEM-2. A restriction endonuclease map of PMFV DNA was established using 10 different enzymes for single and multiple digestions of closed circular and cloned DNA molecules. By restriction endonuclease analysis cloned PMFV DNA represented full-length viral DNA with one long terminal repeat (LTR). The comparison of the physical map of cloned PMFV to those of other cloned type D retroviruses revealed closest homology to the map of retrovirus D/New England (pD398) and SAIDS retrovirus type 1 (SRV-1). The relatedness of PMFV to further type D retroviruses (Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, MPMV; SAIDS retrovirus type 2, SRV-2) was also demonstrated by cross-hybridization of cloned DNAs under different stringencies (i) using full-length genomic probes of PMFV, MPMV, and SRV-2 and (ii) by DNA sequence analysis of regions of the group specific antigen (gag) protease (prt), polymerase (pol), and envelope (env) genes.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1989

Measurement of lysozyme in human body fluids: comparison of various enzyme immunoassay techniques and their diagnostic application.

Three variants of the immunoenzymometric assay of human lysozyme with HRP-labeled antibodies were compared. The highest sensitivity (with a detection limit of 0.2 micrograms lysozyme/L) was achieved by a one-step assay lasting 2 h. Between-batch precision for the techniques was 6-11%. Lysozyme reference values were determined in serum, cerebrospinal fluid and urine. In serum they are age-dependent and in urine sex-dependent when related to creatinine excretion. Serum lysozyme is increased in only 57% of the patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and is also unreliable for indicating remission. In Crohn's disease the serum lysozyme reflects activity better, but it does not exceed the diagnostic value of alpha-1-acidic glycoprotein (orosomucoid). The lysozyme quantification in cerebrospinal fluid is useful in distinguishing between viral or bacterial meningitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of type D retroviruses as diagnostic tools in HIV infections.

A type D retrovirus isolated from a permanent human cell line (PMFV) was employed as diagnostic reagent both in Southern transfer hybridization experiments using the cloned genome as a probe and in immunoblot analysis using SDS disrupted virus particles. Hybridization experiments performed under conditions of different stringencies revealed a close homology of PMFV to SAIDS type D retroviruses of serotype 1 (SRV-1, SAIDS retrovirus D/NE), a related homology to the prototype type D virus (MPMV) and to viruses of serotype 2 (SRV-2), but no homology to the endogenous type D retrovirus of squirrel monkeys (SMRV) and the human AIDS virus (HIV-1). Antigens of PMFV showed cross-reactivity only to antibodies of a SAIDS infected macaque, but no reaction to anti HIV-antibodies of seropositive patients. Thus, the type D virus isolated from a human cell line and closely related to SAIDS type D viruses of macaques is not related to the AIDS virus in humans.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Syphilis in HIV infection. 2 cases of neurosyphilis].

In HIV-infected people the course of syphilis is altered and aggressive. Besides seronegativity Neurosyphilis can manifest premature and as a outcome of failed penicillin-therapy in secondary syphilis. Two cases of neurosyphilis are reported and discussed. The usefulness of spinal fluid analysis is pointed out. Recommendations for diagnostics and therapy are given.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative observations of internal and external quality controls in the districts of Neubrandenburg and Rostock].

A useful combination of results from internal quality control and external quality assessment is possible only if the statistical procedures of both systems involve the same limits to accept control data. These limits are shown. For 45 laboratories expected quality groups QG-T are calculated from results of internal quality control. Quality groups QG-RVL are calculated from results of external quality control assessment. In 30 cases the great difference of QG-T and QG-RVL is supposed to be caused by inaccurate performance of internal quality control.

Germany, East↗
PubMed1988

[The reliability of pulse oximetry monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation in centrally intubated and hypothermic patients].

The present study tests the effectiveness of pulse oximetric measurement in attaining reliable saturation values even in patients with hypothermia and centralization. 20 patients who had all required endoprosthetic surgery of the lower extremities were included in the study. During the process of removing 98 samples for arterial blood-gas analysis, pulse oximetric saturation, heart rate (pulse oximeter and ECG), rectal temperature, peripheral temperature at the back of the fingers, arterial pressure (catheter) and central venous pressure were registered. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. Acute changes in arterial saturation can be very quickly recognized with the help of pulse oximetry. 2. The reliability of pulse oximetric measurement is, in the area examined, dependent neither on the peripheral nor the rectal temperature, nor on the temperature difference between the core and surface temperature of the body, and, therefore not dependent on the degree of centralization. 3. In the area examined, the reliability of pulse oximetric measurement is influenced neither by blood pressure fluctuations nor by intravascular hypo- or hypervolemia. 4. There is merely a sharp increase in the Pulsoximeter when the temperature decreases. The Pulsoximeter still indicates the correct saturation as long as the peripheral pulse rate corresponds to the heart rate on the ECG Monitor.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Simian virus 40-induced mutagenesis: action of the early viral region.

Earlier results have demonstrated a mutagenic activity of simian virus 40 (SV40) in mammalian cells. To analyse this ability further, the effect of SV40 DNA fragments, introduced into Chinese hamster cells, on the frequency of mutations at the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus and other loci was studied. It was found that the mutagenic effect was substantially maintained when the viral genome had been replaced by a fragment comprising the T antigen-coding region and the early promoter-enhancer region; was strongly reduced or abolished when the promoter region including upstream sequences in this fragment had been replaced by the chicken lysozyme gene promoter or both enhancer elements were deleted, and was abolished in an SV40 replication origin-defective mutant in which the structure of the T antigen-binding site II was affected. It may be concluded that SV40-induced mutagenesis depends on the expression of the early region of the genome and on a function involved in specific binding of large T antigen to viral DNA. Since origin-defective mutants of SV40 were reported as being able to transform cells, the functions of transformation and mutation do not seem to correlate.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnostic value of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in the cerebrospinal fluid].

Samples from 1415 neurological patients were used to study the diagnostic value of acid alpha 1-glycoprotein in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid. The value of analysis for this substance is considered to lie in the detection of non-specific acute-phase reactions of various causes in the CNS with special reference to barrier problems. The large number of pathologically elevated values associated with acute inflammations of the meninges and cerebral parenchyme is particularly striking. The results of the studies are analyzed on the basis of comprehensive control investigations (n = 559).

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid in childhood hydrocephalus and hydroma].

A statistical analysis of 212 patients with infantile pressure hydrocephalus and 61 with infantile subdural hydromas shows that there are no significant differences in the investigated liquor parameters (cell count, differential sediment, total protein, electrophoresis) that permit differentiation between the two. The significant increase found in the beta-tau fraction by liquor electrophoresis in the hydrocephalus patients is unsuitable for use as a differential diagnostic criterion on account of its poor discrimination. The results of liquor examinations following drainage operations are dealt with separately, and a liquor syndrome found as a rule in liquor taken from a Rickham reservoir is described.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMed1985

[Cerebrospinal fluid findings in chronic cerebral-organic psychiatric axis syndrome].

Retrospective examinations of liquors from 136 children with a chronic brain-organic psychic axis syndrome following brain damage during infancy yielded pathological findings in 75.7% of the cases. These included changes in total protein content, slight increases in cell counts and the occurrence of monocytic forms of stimulus, but rarely changes in the pattern produced by electrophoresis of the liquor. Combinations of these pathological findings are rare, so that it is not possible to elaborate a typical liquor syndrome for this group of patients.

Adolescent↗