Biomedical subjects

H Kozakewich

Publications and source records attributed to H Kozakewich.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1988

Peritoneal inclusion cysts: ovarian fluid in peritoneal adhesions.

In four women pelvic peritoneal inclusion cysts were diagnosed with ultrasound or computed tomography. Three patients had a history of multiple surgical procedures, whereas the fourth had prior severe abdominal trauma. Imaging studies showed large cystic structures contiguous with the adnexa. The normal ovarian appearance was distorted in two women. Pathologic confirmation was obtained in all cases. When large adnexal cystic structures are identified in young women with a history of surgery or trauma, the diagnosis of peritoneal inclusion cysts should be entertained. Recognition should result in conservative therapy rather than salpingo-oophorectomy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Myocardial contraction band lesions in patients with fatal asthma: possible neurocardiologic mechanisms.

Myocardial contraction band necrosis (MCBN) occurs in catecholamine infusion, central nervous system stimulation, stress, and transient myocardial ischemia with reperfusion. In 4 of 13 children who died with asthma, MCBN was present, suggesting that this cardiac lesion may contribute to the deaths of some asthmatic patients. Two of the 4 patients who had MCBN had not received sympathomimetics intravenously or by an intracardiac route. Therefore, mechanisms other than infusions of large doses of catecholamines are probably involved in production of this cardiac lesion in asthmatics.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Central giant cell lesions of the jaws: a clinicopathologic study.

The biologic behavior of central giant cell lesions of the jaws ranges from quiescent to aggressive with destructive expansion. To date, these variations have not been explained by the findings of routine histologic examination. This retrospective clinicopathologic study of giant cell lesions was performed to search for histologic correlates of biologic behavior. Lesions in 17 patients were classified clinically as nonaggressive (group I) or aggressive (group II). In general, group II lesions affected children at an earlier age, were larger at the time of diagnosis, and recurred more frequently. The following histologic parameters were assessed: fractional surface area occupied by giant cells (FSA), relative size index of giant cells (RSI), stromal characteristics, mitotic index, inflammatory cells, and hemosiderin content. Histologic differences between the two groups were not as clear as the differences in biologic behavior. However, aggressive lesions had a higher RSI, and recurrent giant cells lesions had a higher RSI and FSA; these parameters warrant further study. In addition, electron microscopic differences in a small number of aggressive and nonaggressive lesions were documented.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Primary lymphoma of bone in children: analysis of treatment results with adriamycin, prednisone, Oncovin (APO), and local radiation therapy.

Primary lymphoma of bone is an unusual extranodal presentation of pediatric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Treatment with radiotherapy alone has resulted in a disease-free survival rate of approximately 50% in most adult series. Between January 1973 and April 1985, 11 children with biopsy-proven NHL of bone were seen and treated at our institutions. The minimal clinical staging included chest and bone radiographs, a radionuclide bone scan, complete blood cell counts and serum chemistries, and a bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. The age range was 9 to 17 years with a median age of 14 years. Histology included diffuse lymphoblastic lymphoma in four patients and diffuse histiocytic lymphoma in seven. Each patient was treated with the Adriamycin/prednisone/Oncovin (APO) protocol and ten patients received concomitant radiation to the whole bone when possible and a boost to the primary lesion(s). The median tumor dose was 5,000 rad (range, 3,600 to 5,600). The median follow-up was 8 years. There have been no relapses, but two patients have developed second bone tumors 5 and 7 1/2 years after beginning therapy. Each second tumor arose directly in the radiation field. The overall 8-year actuarial survival is 83%. We conclude that APO and local radiation results in excellent overall survival for children with primary NHL of bone. The occurrence of two second bone tumors, however, raises questions regarding dose and/or the role of radiation for this disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Growth pattern and differentiation of human soft tissue sarcomas in nude mice.

Tumor suspensions prepared from 62 human soft tissue sarcomas were injected into the peritoneal cavity and subcutis of 124 nude mice. The sarcomas included were ten malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 15 fibrosarcomas, six tendosynovial sarcomas, five liposarcomas, nine myosarcomas, six angiosarcomas, six malignant schwannomas, and five miscellaneous sarcomas. Sixty-two percent of the sarcomas showed progressive growth in nude mice either subcutaneously (46%), intraperitoneally (14%), or at both sites (40%). Fifty-one percent of the primary sarcomas, 71% of the recurrent tumors, and 78% of the sarcomas that were metastatic grew in the animals. Sarcomas that were grafted into the subcutis appeared as solitary nodules and showed a more accelerated growth as well as better differentiation than those that were injected into the peritoneal cavity. The intraperitoneal tumors were multifocal and dedifferentiated growths. It appears that simultaneous subcutaneous and intraperitoneal grafting of human sarcomas into nude mice offers a model to study the histogenesis and morphologic variations of soft tissue sarcomas.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous biopsy of thoracic lesions in children.

Over the last 6 years, 15 percutaneous thoracic biopsies have been performed in 15 children. The peripheral nature of most of the lesions allowed ultrasound guidance in ten and needles larger than 21 gauge in ten. No pneumothorax developed. Of the 15, 12 biopsies were sufficient for final diagnosis; 3 required surgical biopsy for more definitive tissue typing.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatoglyphics in sudden infant death syndrome.

An analysis of digital and palmar dermatoglyphic patterns was conducted in 173 victims of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The results expose four dermatoglyphic regions with pattern frequencies differing from those in a control population. These are an excess of Sydney creases, hypothenar patterns, open fields (with fewer vestiges) in interdigital region IV, and arches on all digits (females only). These findings indicate a genetic or early intrauterine environmental influence in SIDS infants. An increased incidence of dysmorphism and anomalies including recognition of specific syndromes support this contention. One could speculate that these dermatoglyphic deviations reflect specific genotypes and/or phenotypes particularly vulnerable to postnatal challenges. Differences in multiple dermatoglyphic categories support the concept of heterogeneity of the SIDS population and multicausality of SIDS.

Boston↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Solitary nonparasitic cysts of the liver: the Boston Children's Hospital experience.

A 3 3/12-year-old female child with abdominal distention, new onset pain, and tenderness is described. The child underwent surgical resection of a multilocular cyst of the right lobe of the liver. We reviewed the autopsy and surgical files of Children's Hospital for the past 63 years to identify other congenital cysts of the liver. We found 30 additional cases including 4 multilocular cysts. The origin of these cysts, a review of the literature, and a discussion of diagnostic parameters for the identification of such cysts in context with other hepatobiliary cystic lesions are presented.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Increased muscularization of small pulmonary arteries in preterm infants of diabetic mothers: a morphometric study in noninflated, noninjected, routinely fixed lungs.

We attempted to identify a structural correlate of the pulmonary hypertension observed in newborn infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) by performing a morphometric analysis of pulmonary arteries at the transition of terminal to respiratory bronchiolus (TRB) in postmortem lungs of 20 IDM and 14 control infants. Although there was no readily apparent microscopic difference between the lungs of newborn IDM and controls, the degree of muscularization, as measured by mean medial area (MMA) of 10 TRB arteries, was significantly greater in preterm IDM (gestational age < or = 37 weeks) than in age-matched controls (502 versus 341 microns 2; P = .0038). Among infants of gestational age > 37 weeks, there was no significant difference between MMA in IDM (508 microns 2) and MMA in controls (598 microns 2). These findings point at an accelerated muscularization of the TRB arteries in IDM, apparent early in the third trimester. The pathogenesis of this hypermuscularization is not understood, but smooth muscle growth promoters such as insulin may play a role. The abnormal timing of TRB artery muscularization could be a manifestation of the basic disturbance in development that contributes to the pulmonary hypertension observed in newborn IDM and to the respiratory difficulties commonly experienced by these infants.

Bronchi↗