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Biomedical subjects

H Konno

Publications and source records attributed to H Konno.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Marginal ulceration after pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Marginal ulceration is a serious problem after both standard pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD). The relationship between this complication and the method of reconstruction after PPPD was analyzed in this study. Patients who underwent standard PD (n = 72) or PPPD (n = 28) in the 20-year period from 1978 to 1997 were retrospectively reviewed. After PPPD, 4 patients (14.3%) developed marginal ulceration on the jejunal side of the duodenojejunal anastomosis, while none of the patients had marginal ulceration after standard PD. The marginal ulcer occurred in 3 of 14 patients treated with the Roux-en-Y method, and in 1 of 9 treated with pancreatogastrostomy. In the Roux-en-Y method, the anal jejunal loop anastomosed to the bulb was directly exposed to gastric juice without neutralization by pancreatic juice from the oral jejunal limb. Of the 4 patients with marginal ulceration, 2 of those treated by the Roux-en-Y method required gastrectomy; the other 2 patients were treated medically. Our analysis of the literature showed that the Roux-en-Y method had the highest incidence of marginal ulcerations. The gastrointestinal reconstruction method without a mixture of gastric juice and pancreatic juice may be a causal factor in the marginal ulceration that occurs after PPPD. In reconstruction after PPPD, we should not create a jejunal loop that is exposed to gastric juice alone.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Crohn's disease of the esophagus: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 27-year-old man with Crohn's disease of the esophagus. The patient presented with large ulcers in the esophagus for which treatment based on a diagnosis of reflux esophagitis was commenced. Although his symptoms were initially resolved, the ulcers did not improve and he was readmitted to hospital 3 months later for progressive heartburn. An esophagoscopy revealed large ulcers in the esophagus, and a colonoscopy revealed a longitudinal ulcer in the terminal ileum. Histological examination of specimens from the terminal ileum showed severe inflammation without granuloma formation, which led to a diagnosis of Crohn's disease. The oral administration of prednisolone and salazosulfapyridine controlled his symptoms and the esophageal ulcers were observed to be healing 2 weeks after this treatment was initiated. A review of the English literature revealed only 77 cases of this disease. Isolated esophageal lesions were reported in ten patients (13.0%), none of which were able to be diagnosed as Crohn's disease preoperatively. Ileocolic lesions developed after esophageal lesions in only five patients (6.5%) including ours. In the remaining 62 patients (80.5%), ileocolic lesions had existed synchronous with or prior to the esophageal lesions. This suggests that ileocolic lesions may often coexist in Crohn's patients with esophageal lesions, and that examination of the terminal ileum must be performed to confirm a diagnosis of Crohn's disease of the esophagus.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas: report of a case.

An extremely rare case of a lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) of the pancreas is described herein. A pancreatic cystic tumor was initially detected in a 50-year-old man at a medical checkup. On admission, his serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 level was 8100 U/ml and a computed tomography scan revealed a well-circumscribed multilocular cystic tumor in the pancreatic head and body. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed no communication between the pancreatic ducts and the tumor. A distal pancreatectomy with lymph node dissection was performed because the lesion was suspected to be a mucinous cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas. However, histological examination revealed that the cyst was lined by stratified squamous epithelium and surrounded by lymphoid tissue. thereby confirming the diagnosis of LEC of the pancreas. The superficial layer of squamous epithelium and the cystic contents were found to be immunohistologically positive for CA19-9. Establishing a preoperative diagnosis of LEC is quite difficult because it resembles other cystic neoplasms of the pancreas in radiographic features and is frequently associated with an elevation of serum tumor markers such as CA19-9.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2000

Functional outcome of stapled ileal pouch-anal canal anastomosis versus handsewn pouch-anal anastomosis.

This study was conducted to determine whether stapled ileal pouch-anal canal anastomosis (IACA) preserving the anal transitional zone (ATZ) or hand-sewn ileal pouch-anal anastomosis with mucosectomy (IPAA) is more beneficial in achieving disease eradication and better postoperative function. IACA was performed in 10 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 10 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), 15 of whom were examined proctoscopically. IPAA was performed in 4 patients with UC and 8 patients with FAP. The mean maximum resting pressure (MRP) was 55 mmHg in the IACA group and 34 mmHg in the IPAA group (P < 0.01). The anorectal inhibitory reflex was positive in 18 patients (90%) from the IACA group and 5 (42%) from the IPAA group (P < 0.05). The pre- and postoperative MRPs were 61 mmHg and 55 mmHg, respectively, in the IACA group vs 63 mmHg and 34 mmHg, respectively, in the IPAA group (P < 0.01). Whereas 16 (80%) of the 20 IACA patients could discriminate feces from gas, only 4 (33%) of the 12 IPAA patients could (P < 0.05). The mean observation period was 2.3 years, the mean length of the columnar cuff was 2.8 cm, and no case of dysplasia or adenoma was seen. Postoperative function is more favorable following IACA than following IPAA, both physiologically and symptomatically. However, long-term surveillance of the residual mucosa is necessary before making a final recommendation.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed2000

Intracystic hemorrhage of pancreatic serous cystadenoma after renal transplantation: report of a case.

Immunosuppressive therapy after transplantation increases the risk of developing neoplasms, and neoplasms of the digestive organs are very common in Asia. We experienced a patient with an intracystic hemorrhage of pancreatic serous cystadenoma during the follow-up after renal transplantation. Pancreatic cystadenomas are not frequent. Only two cases, presenting with acute abdomen, have so far been reported in the literature. The intracystic hemorrhage in our case may have been related to a rapid tumor growth due to weakened antitumor immunity and azathioprine-induced pancreatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Prediction of acute embolic stroke outcome after local intraarterial thrombolysis: value of pretreatment and posttreatment 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer single photon emission computed tomography.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pre- and posttreatment 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer (99mTc-ECD) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for predicting the ischemic outcome of embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion after treatment with local intraarterial thrombolysis. The authors examined 28 patients with a moderately ischemic area (ratio of affected regional activity to cerebellar activity (A/C ratio) of 0.4 to 0.7) determined using pretreatment SPECT, and with complete recanalization within 6 hours. Posttreatment dynamic and static SPECT studies were performed immediately after thrombolysis. The extent of the affected area outlined on pretreatment SPECT was used for the posttreatment SPECT images, and A/C ratios were calculated. The relative retention ratio of 99mTc-ECD in the affected area was also analyzed using posttreatment dynamic SPECT. Fourteen patients either without infarction or with small subcortical and basal ganglial infarction, 11 patients with medium or large cortical infarction, and 3 patients with hemorrhage were identified by follow-up computed tomography. Ischemic outcome correlated with the relative retention ratio of 99mTc-ECD more closely than either the pre- or posttreatment A/C ratios. In particular, a threshold value for the development of hemorrhage was distinct only in the relative retention ratio of 99mTc-ECD. Pretreatment 99mTc-ECD SPECT did not always predict the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation, whereas dynamic 99mTc-ECD SPECT performed immediately after thrombolysis allowed clear identification of patients at risk for hemorrhagic transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Normalization and subtraction of cap-trapper-selected cDNAs to prepare full-length cDNA libraries for rapid discovery of new genes.

In the effort to prepare the mouse full-length cDNA encyclopedia, we previously developed several techniques to prepare and select full-length cDNAs. To increase the number of different cDNAs, we introduce here a strategy to prepare normalized and subtracted cDNA libraries in a single step. The method is based on hybridization of the first-strand, full-length cDNA with several RNA drivers, including starting mRNA as the normalizing driver and run-off transcripts from minilibraries containing highly expressed genes, rearrayed clones, and previously sequenced cDNAs as subtracting drivers. Our method keeps the proportion of full-length cDNAs in the subtracted/normalized library high. Moreover, our method dramatically enhances the discovery of new genes as compared to results obtained by using standard, full-length cDNA libraries. This procedure can be extended to the preparation of full-length cDNA encyclopedias from other organisms.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

RIKEN integrated sequence analysis (RISA) system--384-format sequencing pipeline with 384 multicapillary sequencer.

The RIKEN high-throughput 384-format sequencing pipeline (RISA system) including a 384-multicapillary sequencer (the so-called RISA sequencer) was developed for the RIKEN mouse encyclopedia project. The RISA system consists of colony picking, template preparation, sequencing reaction, and the sequencing process. A novel high-throughput 384-format capillary sequencer system (RISA sequencer system) was developed for the sequencing process. This system consists of a 384-multicapillary auto sequencer (RISA sequencer), a 384-multicapillary array assembler (CAS), and a 384-multicapillary casting device. The RISA sequencer can simultaneously analyze 384 independent sequencing products. The optical system is a scanning system chosen after careful comparison with an image detection system for the simultaneous detection of the 384-capillary array. This scanning system can be used with any fluorescent-labeled sequencing reaction (chain termination reaction), including transcriptional sequencing based on RNA polymerase, which was originally developed by us, and cycle sequencing based on thermostable DNA polymerase. For long-read sequencing, 380 out of 384 sequences (99.2%) were successfully analyzed and the average read length, with more than 99% accuracy, was 654.4 bp. A single RISA sequencer can analyze 216 kb with >99% accuracy in 2.7 h (90 kb/h). For short-read sequencing to cluster the 3' end and 5' end sequencing by reading 350 bp, 384 samples can be analyzed in 1.5 h. We have also developed a RISA inoculator, RISA filtrator and densitometer, RISA plasmid preparator which can handle throughput of 40,000 samples in 17.5 h, and a high-throughput RISA thermal cycler which has four 384-well sites. The combination of these technologies allowed us to construct the RISA system consisting of 16 RISA sequencers, which can process 50,000 DNA samples per day. One haploid genome shotgun sequence of a higher organism, such as human, mouse, rat, domestic animals, and plants, can be revealed by seven RISA systems within one month.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Combination therapy with vascular endothelial growth factor neutralizing antibody and mitomycin C on human gastric cancer xenograft.

Antiangiogenic therapy has been proposed as a new strategy for the treatment of solid tumors. To enhance the therapeutic effect of antiangiogenic agents, combination with conventional anticancer therapy should be investigated. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of the combination of vascular endothelial growth factor neutralizing antibody (VEGF Ab) and mitomycin C (MMC) on MT-2, a human gastric cancer xenograft. When small pieces of MT-2 were transplanted orthotopically into 62 nude mice, liver metastasis developed 6 weeks after transplantation. The VEGF Ab (100 micro g / mouse) was administered i.p. in the VEGF Ab group (n = 14) and the combination group (n = 16) twice a week from day 10 after transplantation. MMC (2 mg / kg) was administered in the MMC group (n = 16) and the combination group (n = 16) on days 10, 17 and 24 after transplantation. Compared with the control group, in which saline solution was administered i.p., all three treatments inhibited tumor growth significantly and the effects of MMC and combination therapy were potent. Liver metastases were also inhibited significantly by the administration of VEGF Ab alone, MMC alone or combination therapy. Liver metastasis developed in 9 mice of the control group, 3 of the VEGF Ab group, and 4 of the MMC group, but no mice had liver metastasis in the combination therapy group. However a significant body weight loss and a decrease in spleen weight were observed in the MMC and combination groups, with no significant difference between the two groups. These results suggest that combination therapy with VEGF Ab and MMC may be a potent therapy for human gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor is responsible for the hematogenous recurrence of early-stage gastric carcinoma.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for angiogenesis in various malignant tumors. However, it is still unclear whether VEGF is responsible for hematogenous metastasis after the curative resection of gastric carcinoma. In the present study, we evaluated the relevance of VEGF expression to the hematogenous recurrence of stage 1 or 2 primary gastric adenocarcinoma. Among 530 patients, 11 (2.1%) had hematogenous recurrence. Clinicopathological variables were compared between these 11 patients (group R) and 88 patients without intramucosal carcinoma who survived for more than 5 years (group S). Microvessel density (MVD) was assessed immunohistochemically along with VEGF protein expression in all patients from group R and 21 randomly selected patients from group S. There were significant differences in age, tumor size and VEGF expression in tumor tissue between the groups. Positive staining for VEGF protein was observed in all patients of group R, of whom 6 had strongly positive staining. On the other hand, 11 out of 21 patients in group S had positive staining and it was weak in all cases. Both the positive and strongly positive rate were significantly higher in group R than those in group S. There was no significant difference in MVD between the 2 groups (17.7 +/- 11.09/field in group R vs. 14.8 +/- 10. 27/field in group S) and no significant correlation between VEGF expression, MVD and venous invasion, though a weak correlation between the intensity of VEGF staining and MVD was observed (negative staining 12.1 +/- 10.51; weakly positive 16.67 +/- 10.41; strongly positive 19.7 +/- 9.97). Our results suggest that overexpression of VEGF, and not MVD or venous invasion, plays an important role in the hematogenous recurrence of curatively resected gastric carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Glomosporin, a novel antifungal cyclic depsipeptide from Glomospora sp. I. Production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities.

A novel antifungal cyclic depsipeptide termed glomosporin, which has a fatty acyl side chain, was isolated from a barley solid culture of Glomospora sp. The strain was isolated from fallen pine leaves collected in Fukusima Prefecture, Japan and identified as Glomospora sp. BAUA 2825. Glomosporin was purified by butanol extraction followed by preparative HPLC. Glomosporin showed antimicrobial activity against fungi including clinically important Aspergillus fumigatus.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Novel human topoisomerase I inhibitors, topopyrones A, B, C and D. I. Producing strain, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activity.

In the course of a screening program for specific inhibitors of human topoisomerase I using a recombinant yeast, we have discovered four new active compounds. All four compounds were isolated from the culture broth of a fungus, Phoma sp. BAUA2861, and two of them were isolated from the culture broth of a fungus, Penicillium sp. BAUA4206. We designated these compounds as topopyrones A, B, C and D. Topopyrones A, B, C and D selectively inhibited recombinant yeast growth dependent on expression of human topoisomerase I with IC50 values of 1.22, 0.15, 4.88 and 19.63 ng/ml, respectively. The activity and selectivity of topopyrone B were comparable to those of camptothecin. The relaxation of supercoiled pBR322 DNA by human DNA topoisomerase I was inhibited by these compounds, however they did not inhibit human DNA topoisomerase II. Topopyrones A, B, C and D were cytotoxic to all tumor cell lines when tested in vitro. Topopyrone B has potent inhibitory activity against herpesvirus, especially varicella zoster virus (VZV). It inhibited VZV growth with EC50 value of 0.038 microg/ml, which is 24-fold stronger than that of acyclovir (0.9 microg/ml). Topopyrones A, B, and C were inhibitory to Gram-positive bacteria.

Anthraquinones↗
PubMed2000

Novel human topoisomerase I inhibitors, topopyrones A, B, C and D. II. Structure elucidation.

The structures of novel topoisomerase I inhibitors, topopyrones A, B, C and D were elucidated by spectral analysis of the chemical derivatives. These compounds are an anthraquinone type containing a fused 1,4-pyrone moiety. Topopyrones A and B contain a chlorine atom, however C and D do not. It was suggested that topopyrones B and D are converted from topopyrones A and C, respectively by Wessely-Moser type rearrangement.

Anthraquinones↗
PubMed2000

[A case of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome with dramatic improvement in consciousness immediately after intravenous infusion of thiamine].

A 68-year-old man was hospitalized on March 4, 1998 for disturbances in consciousness. In 1995, he had received proximal subtotal gastrectomy and reconstructive surgery of the jejunal interposition for gastric cancer. Thereafter he had been taking enough food without the habit of taking liquor. In October 1997, his short term memory was becoming gradually worse. On February 12, 1998, he suffered from numbness in the feet, and then dysphagia, unsteady gait, and diplopia developed gradually. On February 26, brain MRI showed no abnormalities. On March 3, he had a fever of 38.5 degrees C and his consciousness became unclear. Neurological examination revealed semi-coma, total ophthalmoplegia, and absence of doll's eye movement. Deep tendon reflexes were absent. The serum thiamine level was 9 ng/ml (normal range: 20-50). Brain MRI demonstrated symmetrical high intensity lesions in the periaqueductal area of the midbrain, dorsomedial nuclei of bilateral thalami, and vestibular nuclei. About 30 seconds after intravenous infusion of thiamine, his consciousness improved dramatically, but returned to semi-coma after about two minutes. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome usually occurs acutely. In the present case, however, the disease showed slow onset, chronic progression, and then rapid worsening after fever. Reconstructive surgery of the jejunal interposition might have caused the slow onset of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, and fever might have facilitated the rapid progression of the disease. An immediate high concentration of thiamine modifies the kinetics of acetylcholine receptor ion channels, thereby maintaining wakefulness, and the level of consciousness may change dramatically.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Hypofixation and hyperfixation of 99mTc-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime in subacute cerebral infarction.

UNLABELLED: The relationship between hypofixation and hyperfixation of 99mTc-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT with regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) imaging using 133Xe inhalation in patients with subacute cerebral infarction and to investigate the behavior of 99mTc-HMPAO in the infarct area using dynamic SPECT. METHODS: 133Xe and consecutive 99mTC-HMPAO SPECT studies, the latter of which consisted of dynamic and static scanning, were performed on 51 patients (22 women, 29 men; age range, 40-83 y; mean age, 61 y) with cortical infarction in the middle cerebral artery territory 13-15 d after stroke onset. One region of interest (ROI) was drawn in the infarct area. The control ROI was mirrored to the contralateral side, and the same set of ROIs was applied to all SPECT studies. Fractional fixation of 99mTc-HMPAO in the infarct area was evaluated relatively as the ratio of the infarct-to-control region in 99mTc-HMPAO static tomograms/the ratio of the infarct-to-control region in CBF images using 133Xe inhalation and was classified as hyperfixation when this value was >1.1 and hypofixation when this value was <0.9. To investigate the behavior of 99mTc-HMPAO in the infarct area, the second (36-72 s after tracer injection) and eighth (252-288 s after tracer injection) of 8 dynamic scans were selected, and the washout rate was calculated using the formula: 1 - (mean count in the eighth scan/mean count in the second scan). RESULTS: The infarct area showed hyperfixation of 99mTc-HMPAO when CBF in the area was 35 mL/100 g/min or less and showed hypofixation when CBF was >45 mL/U100 g/min. The washout rate was usually negative when CBF imaging using 133Xe inhalation was <20 mL/100 g/min but was positive when it was >45 mUL/100 g/min. The washout rate was negative when the infarct area showed hyperfixation of 99mTc-HMPAO but was positive when it showed hypofixation. CONCLUSION: 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT underestimates CBF in high-flow regions and overestimates CBF in low-flow regions of subacute cerebral infarction. 99mTc-HMPAO hypofixation and hyperfixation are associated with backdiffusion from the brain to blood and gradual accumulation of hydrophilic metabolites, respectively. Dynamic images should be useful for discriminating between 99mTc-HMPAO hypofixation and hyperfixation.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Improvement of visual function after balloon angioplasty for innominate artery stenosis: a case report].

Occlusive disease of the innominate artery is relatively rare, but visual disturbance is a frequently encountered manifestation of this disease. A 48-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of right amaurosis fugaxs. During the nine years prior to admission, the patient had undergone aortic artery-coronal artery bypass surgery two times. Upon ophthalmological examination, the patient was found to have impaired right retinal sensitivity and prolonged right arm-to-retina circulation time. Aortic arch angiography demonstrated severe stenosis of the innominate artery near its origin. The stenosis was successfully treated by balloon angioplasty. Subsequently, right retinal sensitivity improved and right arm-to-retina circulation time normalized following the procedure. These findings indicate that this patient had sufferred impaired visual function due to hemodynamic retinal ischemia caused by innominate artery stenosis.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1999

Prediction of human cDNA from its homologous mouse full-length cDNA and human shotgun database.

We propose a prediction method for human full-length cDNA by comparing sequence data between human genome shotgun sequence and mouse full-length cDNA. The human genome which is homologous to the mouse full-length cDNA is selected by a homology search program, and the predicted exons are connected at the exon-intron junction which gives the best homology score to the mouse full-length cDNA. The accuracy of the predicted human full-length coding region is 83.3%, and the false positive rate is 16.7%. Five human full-length proteins out of 20 proteins are correctly predicted.

Animals↗