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Biomedical subjects

H Kondoh

Publications and source records attributed to H Kondoh.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Acute promyelocytic leukemia with an intracerebral mass and meningeal involvement after treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

After a 3-month leukopenic phase, a patient developed hematologic pictures of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy had been given 10 months previously for a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of diffuse large cell type arising in the Waldeyer's ring. A computed tomographic scan demonstrated a high density mass in the left frontal cerebrum, which was enhanced uniformly by the contrast material. Cytocentrifuge examination of cerebrospinal fluid also showed an excess of promyelocytes. From these observations, the mass was considered to be an infiltration of leukemic cells. The intracerebral mass and meningeal involvement were resolved concomitantly with a hematologic remission of APL after intrathecal injection of cytosine arabinoside and systemic combination chemotherapy. This is a particular case of APL previously undescribed, representing an unusual presentation with intracerebral APL mass as well as a rare posttherapeutic APL following NHL.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Successful treatment of echovirus meningoencephalitis in sex-linked agammaglobulinaemia by intrathecal and intravenous injection of high titre gammaglobulin.

A 7-year-old boy with sex-linked agammaglobulinaemia developed meningoencephalitis caused by echovirus type 11. He had convulsions, right hemiplegia, cortical motor aphasia, left abducens nerve paralysis, left hypoglossal nerve paralysis, and later became unconscious. Treatment by intravenous injection of conventional gammaglobulin and intrathecal alpha-interferon brought no clinical improvement, but intrathecal administration together with intravenous injection of gammaglobulin containing a high titre of anti-echovirus type 11 antibody was associated with a dramatic improvement in his clinical symptoms. After subsequent periodical (once or twice a week) administration of specific gammaglobulin for 8 months, the echovirus in his cerebrospinal fluid was no longer detected. These findings suggest that intrathecal injection combined with intravenous injection of high titre anti-echovirus type 11 antibody was effective in treating this case of echovirus meningoencephalitis in sex-linked agammaglobulinaemia.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Specific expression of the chicken delta-crystallin gene in the lens and the pyramidal neurons of the piriform cortex in transgenic mice.

Two transgenic mice, 5-8 and 7-5, carrying the chicken delta-crystallin gene were produced by microinjecting cloned genes into male pronuclei. The mice were analyzed at 8 weeks of age with respect to gene integration and expression by means of blotting techniques and immunohistochemistry. Southern blot analysis indicated that both mice carried, on average, 50 copies of intact delta-crystallin gene per cell. Histological analysis of the mice using DNA-DNA in situ hybridization indicated that mouse 5-8 carried the delta-crystallin gene in every cell while mouse 7-5 was mosaic, with 20-40% of the cells of various tissues carrying the gene. Western blot analysis indicated that in both mice delta-crystallin is expressed in the lens and the cerebrum, but not in any other tissue examined. Immunohistological analysis revealed that, in the cerebrum of the mice, delta-crystallin was expressed specifically in pyramidal neurons located in layer IIb of the anterior piriform cortex. Thus, our results with transgenic mice not only demonstrate the primary specificity of delta-crystallin gene expression in authentic lens tissue, but reveal the unexpected specificity of this chicken gene in the central nervous system of the mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A case of swallow syncope induced by vagotonic visceral reflex resulting in atrioventricular node suppression.

A 48-year-old man repeatedly experienced syncope associated with paroxysmal atrioventricular block (PAVB) while swallowing. PAVB ("Mobitz type II" AH block) occurred only when "balloon-like" deformity of the lower esophagus developed. Balloon inflation in the lower esophagus induced PAVB. However, inflation in the upper or mid portion, or other vagal maneuvers, caused only sinus slowing. PAVB was not induced after intravenous atropine. The PAVB in this patient was probably caused by a vagotonic reflex triggered by tensoreceptors in the lower esophagus, resulting in selective suppression of the atrioventricular node.

Deglutition↗
PubMed1987

An attempt to assay the state of determination by using transfected genes as probes in transdifferentiation of neural retina into lens.

Hybrid genes coding for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) with a non-specific retroviral, lens-specific delta-crystallin or lens-specific alpha-crystallin promoters were constructed to transfect the transdifferentiating (lentoidogenic) and non-transdifferentiating (non-lentoidogenic) cultures of chicken embryonic neural retina for assaying the state of determination towards lens differentiation. The expression occurred only when CAT genes with lens-specific promoters were transfected to the cultures maintained in the conditions permissive to lentoidogenesis. The expression of these exogenous, lens-specific CAT genes began at stages of culturing that were earlier than the expression of endogenous crystallin. Presumably, there are two steps in the transdifferentiation of neural retina into lens; acquisition of capacity to express crystallin genes and derepression of the endogenous crystallin genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A simple procedure for the isolation of human secretory IgA of IgA1 and IgA2 subclass by a jackfruit lectin, jacalin, affinity chromatography.

Jackfruit lectin, jacalin, prepared from two batches of jackfruit seeds showed a different specificity in precipitating reaction in Agarose gel with various purified immunoglobulins and secretory components. Jacalin-P, extracted from jackfruit seeds from the Philippines, reacts only with serum IgA and secretory IgA of IgA1 subclass. Jacalin-O, extracted from jackfruit seeds from Okinawa prefecture in Japan, makes a strong precipitin are with IgA1 subclass and a weak precipitin arc with IgA2 subclass of IgA2m(2) allotype, IgM, IgD and IgE. Human secretory IgA of IgA1 subclass was isolated from human milk by a single jacalin-P affinity chromatography using D-galactose as a dissociating agent. From conventionally purified human secretory IgA preparation, secretory IgA of IgA1 subclass and of IgA2 subclass were separated from each other. The former was separated as jacalin-P adsorbed fraction and the latter as jacalin-P non-adsorbed fraction by the affinity chromatography. Subclass composition of secretory IgA in human milk was determined by the affinity column and was calculated to be 70% for IgA1 and 30% for IgA2 subclass. Jacalin affinity chromatography has several advantages compared with antibody coupled affinity chromatography, notably, high capacity, inexpensiveness, and very mild extraction of IgA1 subclass.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1987

Lens-specific enhancer in the third intron regulates expression of the chicken delta 1-crystallin gene.

We have previously shown that the tissue specificity determinant of the chicken delta 1-crystallin gene lies 3' of position -100 (Hayashi et al. 1985). Since the promoter of the gene (delta 1-crystallin promoter) did not show any tissue specificity, we examined various segments of the delta 1-crystallin gene for a tissue-specific enhancer activity by placing each segment downstream of a heterologous transcriptional unit coding for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and by transfecting chicken tissues in primary culture. We found that a segment spanning the third intron bears a strong lens-specific enhancer activity. This "delta 1-crystallin enhancer" activates transcription from the delta 1-crystallin promoter 20- to 40-fold in lens cells and to various degrees with other promoters. Deletion analysis of the enhancer region indicated that it covered nearly 1 kb but did not indicate clear-cut boundaries. For its enhancer effect the core region of 120 bp and associations with certain adjoining regions were required. Removal of the enhancer from the gene totally abolished delta 1-crystallin expression, and reinsertion of the enhancer in either upstream, internal, or downstream positions restored expression. We conclude that the delta 1-crystallin enhancer is an essential and major determinant for lens-specificity of delta 1-crystallin expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Resistance of normal serum IgA and secretory IgA to bacterial IgA proteases: evidence for the presence of enzyme-neutralizing antibodies in both serum and secretory IgA, and also in serum IgG.

Normal serum IgA and secretory IgA (sIgA) of subclass IgA1 were isolated from pooled human serum and milk, respectively. They were tested for their susceptibility to bacterial IgA proteases from Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Neisseria meningitidis that cleave IgA of only the IgA1 subclass. They were also tested for susceptibility to a novel IgA-protease from Clostridium ramosum that cleaves IgA of the IgA1 as well as the IgA2 subclass of the A2m(1) allotype. Both normal serum IgA1 and sIgA1 exhibited resistance to most IgA proteases. The one exception was the IgA protease from C. ramosum which readily cleaved both the serum IgA1 and sIgA1 into Fab and Fc fragments. Secretory component (SC) had nothing to do with the resistance of these IgAs. The resistance of these IgAs to most of the IgA proteases was found to be due to their enzyme-neutralizing antibody activity, since the Fab but not the Fc fragment of sIgA1 showed enzyme-inhibitory activity against these IgA proteases. Similar enzyme-neutralizing antibody activity was found in the pepsin-digested normal serum IgG-(Fab')2 fragment. These results indicate that the induction of the enzyme-neutralizing antibodies against the bacterial IgA proteases took place not only in mucosal sIgA but also in serum IgA and IgG. No enzyme-neutralizing antibody activity against the novel IgA-protease of C. ramosum was detected in any immunoglobulin preparations used in the present study or in the serum of a patient who carries the IgA protease-producing strain of C. ramosum in his feces.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1987

Effect of recombinant interleukin 2 on hepatitis B e antigen positive chronic hepatitis.

Eleven patients with hepatitis B (HB) virus related chronic hepatitis were treated with recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL 2). Two hundred and fifty to 1000 units were given intravenously once daily for seven to 28 days. In five patients serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity rose transiently. Six patients showed a decrease in HBV DNA polymerase. One patient lost HBs, e antigens (Ags) and gained anti-HBs, e antibodies, while one lost HBs Ag and another HBe Ag. 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase activity in mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood did not change during treatment. The number of CD4 positive (helper/inducer) cells and natural killer cell activity increased after therapy (p less than 0.05, p less than 0.01). These results suggest that rIL 2 acts as an immunomodulatory agent enhancing host immune activity and may be beneficial in patients with chronic HB virus infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Improved mammalian vectors for high expression of G418 resistance.

Cell lines, such as those of teratocarcinoma and embryonic stem cells, fail to support high G418 resistance after transfection of neo vectors. To alleviate this, we modified pSV2-neo in two steps, first with tandem promoters of SV40 early genes and HSVtk, then by removing an improper met codon located immediately upstream of the authentic initiator codon in the mRNA sequence. In the final product, pSTneoB, the neo transcription unit has XhoI sites at both ends. pSTneoB yields G418-resistant transformants of teratocarcinoma cells at dramatically higher efficiencies than pSV2-neo. This vector extends the application of G418 selection in gene transfer to a wider range of cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Jacalin, a jackfruit lectin, precipitates IgA1 but not IgA2 subclass on gel diffusion reaction.

Precipitation reaction in agarose gel between jacalin, a lectin from jackfruit seeds, and purified immunoglobulins of various classes and their components was studied. Single precipitation arcs were observed with monomeric and dimeric IgA1 subclass as well as secretory IgA1, but not with IgA2 of both allotypes, IgG, IgM, IgD, IgE, free secretory component or with the J chain. Thus, jacalin can be used for differentiating IgA1 from IgA2 subclass by a simple agarose gel diffusion.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1986

Emphysematous cholecystitis: complication of hepatic artery embolization.

We report a case of acute emphysematous cholecystitis that occurred following hepatic artery embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma but was cured by conservative therapy. In view of its pathogenesis, emphysematous cholecystitis seems likely to be a complication of hepatic artery embolization.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Regulation of delta-crystallin expression: an investigation by transfer of the chicken gene into mouse cells.

In order to understand how crystallin genes are regulated so that they would be expressed with a high lens specificity, we introduced a cloned delta-crystallin gene of the chicken and its derivatives into various mouse cells. In such a heterologous combination of the gene and the recipient cells, chicken delta-crystallin was expressed in lens cells with a high preference over other cell types. The high expression in the lens is basically ascribed to interactions between the putative lens-specific mechanisms for transcription and the base pairs from -80 to +35 encompassing the transcriptional initiation site of the delta-crystallin gene. A non-specific low expression was also observed. This may account for ectopic delta-crystallin expression which takes place in certain non-lenticular embryonic tissues of the chicken.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Production of transgenic fish: introduction and expression of chicken delta-crystallin gene in medaka embryos.

To produce a model of transgenic fish, recombinant plasmids containing chicken delta-crystallin gene were microinjected into the oocyte nucleus of a small teleost, medaka (Oryzias latipes). About 50% of the microinjected oocytes developed to 7-day-old embryos. By Southern blotting delta-crystallin gene was detected in 4 of 8 embryos, and, by Western blotting, delta-crystallin polypeptides in 5 of 16. In 1 of 6 examined histologically, delta-crystallin DNA was detected in all the tissues, and delta-crystallin polypeptides, in many of the tissues including the lens. Thus, the exogenous gene and/or its products were detected in 10 of 30 embryos examined. This is the first report of successful production of transgenic fish.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Increasing pre-excitation ("concertina effect") during vasospastic angina.

A patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and variant angina developed progressive ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads after hyperventilation-induced right coronary artery spasm. At the same time, increasing pre-excitation ("concertina effect") developed with gradual prolongation of the AH interval on His bundle ECG. The ECG changes promptly disappeared after sublingual nitroglycerin, with termination of the chest pain. Transient ischemia induced by coronary artery spasm can be an etiology of increasing pre-excitation.

Angina Pectoris, Variant↗