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Biomedical subjects

H Kohda

Publications and source records attributed to H Kohda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Induction of Mn-superoxide dismutase by tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in human hepatoma cells.

Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the expression of Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) protein were investigated in human hepatoma cells, Hu-H1, which revealed resistance to the cytotoxicity of TNF and IL-1. Both TNF and IL-1 enhanced the Mn-SOD production to the level of 30- to 40-fold. IL-6 also increased the enzyme protein to 2- to 3-fold of the basal level without any cell proliferative effect. A specific antibody against IL-6 almost completely inhibited the induction of Mn-SOD. IL-6, as well as TNF and IL-1, appears to play some role in the Mn-SOD protein expression in human hepatoma cells.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1992

The effect of IL-6 on the des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin synthesis in human hepatoma cells.

Effects of several cytokines on des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (PIVKA II) synthesis in human hepatoma cells were investigated to know the process of PIVKA II production during a liver allograft rejection. Human recombinant interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly stimulated the PIVKA II synthesis without any influence on the cell proliferation. The effect was almost completely neutralized by the specific anti-IL-6 antibody. Neither tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1) nor interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) had such a stimulative effect. IL-6 appears to stimulate PIVKA II production, and would be a candidate of factors that enhance the production of PIVKA II during a liver allograft rejection.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1992

Diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging in malignant melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Dermatologists sometimes have difficulty in making the diagnosis of a melanocytic tumor. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to establish a noninvasive method for the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. We investigated the diagnostic usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 23 lesions of primary malignant melanoma, metastatic malignant melanoma, and benign pigmented skin tumors. METHODS: The morphologic characteristics and the signal intensity of the tumors were analyzed to differentiate malignant and benign pigmented skin tumors by means of the tumor-to-fat contrast ratio of the signal intensity. RESULTS: The morphologic characteristics of the tumors obtained by MRI were not an absolute criterion for diagnosis of malignant melanoma, but the signal intensity of the tumor assessed by the tumor-to-fat contrast ratio on T2-weighted images clearly differentiated between primary malignant melanoma and benign pigmented skin tumors. CONCLUSION: These findings indicated that MRI is useful for noninvasive diagnosis of malignant melanoma.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1992

A unique case of extramammary Paget's disease. Derivation from eccrine porocarcinoma?

A unique case of extramammary Paget's disease is reported that may have derived from eccrine porocarcinoma. A palm-sized erythematous plaque on the patient's pubis spread to the lower abdominal wall. The center of the lesion contained a reddish tumor. Histologic findings of the erythematous plaque showed features of extra-mammary Paget's disease. Those of the reddish tumor, however, corresponded most closely to eccrine porocarcinoma, though we could not entirely rule out that the changes corresponded to larger nests of less differentiated Paget cells. The two distinct neoplastic areas showed continuity both clinically and histologically; our case differed from epidermotropic eccrine porocarcinoma in several clinicopathologic respects. Our case suggests the possibility that extramammary Paget's disease could arise from preexisting porocarcinoma.

Adenoma, Sweat Gland↗
PubMed1992

Digital verrucous fibroangioma: a new variant of verrucous hemangioma.

In this article, we report on 4 cases of a dome-shaped nodule on the dorsum of the finger, which had been present since birth and slowly enlarged. On light microscopic examination, these nodules showed similarities to verrucous hemangioma. However, they were characterized by distinct clinical features and proliferation of dermal connective tissue. We consider these tumors to be a variant of verrucous hemangioma and propose to term them digital verrucous fibroangioma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Pigmented macules on the palms and/or soles of Japanese subjects: influences of clinical severity and duration of illness.

We have suggested that pigmented macules on the palms and/or soles occur in response to various systemic diseases. In the present paper, we evaluated the influences of clinical severity and duration of illness in Japanese subjects. In males, cases who suffered from cerebral vascular accident (CVA) for long periods and/or severely tended to have numerous pigmented macules. In females, cases with CVA did not show any similar tendency. As the result of our prior and present studies, we conclude that underlying systemic disease itself can play a pivotal role in the development of pigmented macules on the palms and/or soles of Japanese subjects. We emphasize that such a pigmented macular eruption with characteristic clinical features is an important sign of internal disorders, including malignancy.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

Unilateral dysplastic nevi associated with malignant melanoma.

A case of dysplastic nevi associated with malignant melanoma was reported. The case was characterized by unilateral distribution of dysplastic nevi. Multiple dysplastic nevi were observed only dorsally on the patient's left upper quadrant. To the best of our knowledge, the report of this form of dysplastic nevi is the first in Japan. In addition, dysplastic nevus cell nests were present in histologic contiguity with intraepidermal proliferation of melanoma in the radial growth phase. Histological evidence suggested that the melanoma in our case had probably been derived from the context of dysplastic nevus.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Saponins from Amaranthus hypochondriacus.

Four triterpenoid saponins were isolated from Amaranthus hypochondriacus which are grain crops in the Nepal, Mexico and South America. Their structures were elucidated based on spectral evidence to be: (1) 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1----3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-2 beta,3 beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester. (2) 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1----3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-2 beta,3 beta- dihydroxyolean-12-en-23-al-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester; (3) 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1----3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-2 beta, 3 beta-dihydroxy-30-norolean-12,20(29)-dien-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester. (4) 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1----3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-2 beta, 3 beta-dihydroxy-30-norolean-12, 20(29)-dien-23-al-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1991

Detection of PIVKA II produced by human hepatoma cells in nude mice.

A novel experimental nude mouse model, which is useful for investigation of the mechanisms of PIVKA II synthesis, was established by inoculation with PIVKA II-producing human hepatoma cells (huH-1). We have found markedly elevated levels of PIVKA II in the plasma of nude mice transplanted with huH-1 cells and increased PIVKA II content in huH-1 tumor tissues. Whereas we have not found detectable level of PIVKA II neither in the plasma nor in tumor tissues of nude mice transplanted different human hepatoma cells (HLF) which is not producing PIVKA II. Histology of the tumor tissues produced by huH-1 cells revealed a thick trabecular pattern with blood spaces.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case of type B chronic hepatitis showing rapid progression to liver cirrhosis with prolonged positive IgM anti-HBc].

We reported a case of type B chronic hepatitis with high titer of IgM anti-HBc continuously, which progressed to liver cirrhosis rapidly. The patient was a 37-years-old man, and was diagnosed as chronic type B hepatitis with severe activity by laparoscopy and liver biopsy. The titer of IgM anti-HBc persisted high level for more than 2 years. Then the second liver biopsy showed the progression to liver cirrhosis within only about 2 years. It is a very rare case to prolong positive IgM anti-HBc for such a long time. Anti-HBc production of PBMC was enhanced remarkably in this case. We considered that HBc antigens released into serum from hepatocytes with severe exacerbations had enhanced the anti-HBc producing activity of B lymphocytes. And the rapid progression in this case would be due to the episodes of severe exacerbations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Potentiating effect of morphine upon d-methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia in mice. Effects of naloxone and haloperidol.

We have examined changes in rectal temperature of mice after subcutaneous administrations of d-methamphetamine alone or methamphetamine plus morphine. Methamphetamine 5 mg/kg produced slight hyperthermia, while simultaneous administration of morphine (25-100 mg/kg), which alone produces hypothermia, potentiated markedly the increase in body temperature by methamphetamine. Methamphetamine showed a hyperthermic effect in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of morphine. The hyperthermia due to methamphetamine plus morphine was avoided by pretreatment with 10 mg/kg naloxone. When animals were pretreated with 2.5 mg/kg haloperidol, hyperthermia due to methamphetamine alone was completely abolished, while that due to methamphetamine plus morphine was still observed. These results showed that dopamine may be implicated in methamphetamine hyperthermia and a haloperidol-nonsensitive mechanism may be involved in the methamphetamine-morphine hyperthermia.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Two cases of pilomatrix carcinoma.

We report two cases of pilomatrix carcinoma. Wide surgical excision, radiation, and chemotherapy were required for the first patient. The tumor eventually revealed the characteristics of a carcinoma, both clinically and histopathologically, as it recurred. In the second case, although the tumor exhibited the histology of pilomatricoma in the central part of the lesion, there were numerous outgrowing irregular nests of basaloid tumor cells with cellular atypia and frequent mitoses; these are the characteristic features of the pilomatrix carcinoma in its early stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Flow cytometric and functional analysis of mononuclear cells infiltrating the liver in experimental autoimmune hepatitis.

Experimental autoimmune hepatitis was produced by immunizing Wistar rats with syngeneic liver proteins. Mononuclear cells infiltrating the liver tissue were identified by immunohistochemical techniques using monoclonal antibodies specific for subpopulations of rat lymphocytes. The strong infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were found in the portal areas. Subpopulations of mononuclear cells infiltrating the liver, spleen cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes were identified by flow cytometry. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the presence of CD5- and CD8+ lymphocytes in the liver tissues. Mononuclear cells infiltrating the liver were isolated from Wistar rats having autoimmune hepatitis to determine whether those exhibit cytotoxicity against syngeneic hepatocytes; they exhibited cytotoxicity against isolated syngeneic hepatocytes, but failed to lyse K562 cells, syngeneic concanavalin A-activated splenocytes and allogeneic hepatocytes. Depletion of CD8+ T cells significantly reduced the cytotoxic ability of mononuclear cells infiltrating into the liver against syngeneic hepatocytes. These findings support the idea that liver cell injury in experimental autoimmune hepatitis may at least in part be mediated by CTL.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Saponins from leaves of Acanthopanax hypoleucus Makino.

From the leaves of Acanthopanax hypoleucus Makino (Araliaceae), five triterpenoidal saponins, having oleanolic acid and hederagenin as sapogenins, were isolated. On the basis of chemical and spectral data, the structures of two new saponins, named hypoleucosides A (1), and B (5) were elucidated as follows: 1; 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl 11 alpha-methoxy-oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 5; 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1---- 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester.

Animals↗