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Biomedical subjects

H Koga

Publications and source records attributed to H Koga.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[The concomitant effect of a newly developed gamma-globulin preparation (SM-4300) with some antibiotics on severe bacterial infections].

Twenty-six patients with bacterial infections, mainly respiratory infections, were treated with newly developed gamma-globulin preparation (SM-4300), as a combination therapy with some antibiotics. The result was as follows. Clinical effects of 18 cases evaluated were excellent in 1 case (5.6%), good in 10 (55.6%), fair in 4 (22.2%) and poor in 3 (16.7%). No remarkable adverse reactions and abnormal value in laboratory data due to administration of SM-4300 were observed. Significant changes of complement system before and after administration of SM-4300 were not observed. It was considered that SM-4300 was effective as a combination therapy with some antibiotics for the treatment of severe or refractory bacterial infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Studies on cis-trans isomerization of nitrofuran derivatives by bacterial nitroreductases.

cis-trans Isomerization of 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-(2-furyl)-acrylamide(AF-2) using Escherichia coli B/r and its two 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone (nitrofurazone)-resistant mutants was investigated. The isomerizing activity was detected in all three strains and markedly increased with acquiring resistance to nitro-furazone in intact cells and cell free extracts. Two distinct isomerases, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)-dependent one with high activity and NAD(P)H-dependent with low activity were separated by Sephadex G-100 and Sepharose 4B columns. Both enzyme activities agreed with the nitrofurazone-reducing activity due to O2-sensitive nitroreductase as reported previously. Another nitroreductase, O2-insensitive one, was unable to isomerize cis AF-2 to trans form. These results suggest that bacterial cis-trans isomerases are not O2-insensitive nitroreductase, but O2-sensitive ones.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

Parinaud's syndrome in hydrocephalus due to a basilar artery aneurysm.

A 65-year-old woman appeared with a progressive dementia, gait disturbance, and Parinaud's syndrome. A computed tomography scan, an angiogram of the vertebral artery, and metrizamide ventriculography demonstrated a marked hydrocephalus. A giant aneurysm at the termination of the basilar artery projected into the third ventricle producing partial obstruction of the aqueduct. The symptoms were resolved by a ventriculoperitoneal shunt; but after a month, the patient again showed the upward-gaze palsies concomitant with occurrence of shunt malfunction. The possible mechanisms of Parinaud's syndrome observed in the patient are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Cortical oxidative metabolism under conditions of ischemia, hypoxia, and asphyxia in the rabbit.

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the effects of hypoxia, asphyxia, and ischemia on brain cortical oxidative metabolism. This study was carried out using 14 New Zealand White rabbits. The effects of episodic stress were measured simultaneously on brain functional metabolism by monitoring cortical oxygen tension (brain pO2), cortical cerebral blood flow (cCBF), cortical blood volume, and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. During hypoxia (when the fraction of inspired O2 (FiO2) was reduced to 10%) and asphyxia (induced by turning the respirator off), there was a decrease of brain pO2 but an increase of cCBF and blood volume. Similarly, there was a reduction of cortical oxidative metabolism. In post-asphyxic conditions, an overshoot of brain pO2 and post-asphyxic oxidation of cytochrome (Cyt.) aa3 were usually shown. Under ischemic conditions (induced by sudden severe hypotension plus bilateral common carotid occlusion), cCBF and blood volume were decreased. There was also a decrease of brain pO2 and a reduction of Cyt. aa3 following ischemia. These techniques are applicable in intraoperative monitoring of patients.

Animals↗